如何为 Windows XP 安装 rmagick gem？我已经安装了带有头文件的 ImageMagick，并安装了 DevKit 附带的 RailsInstaller.org。我不知道在哪里可以解决这些错误。
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>ruby -v
ruby 1.9.3p125 (2012-02-16) [i386-mingw32]
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>gem -v
1.8.16
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>path=%PATH%;C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>identify
Version: ImageMagick 6.8.2-0 2013-01-24 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2013 ImageMagick Studio LLC
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>gem install rmagick
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing rmagick:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
Invalid drive specification.
Unable to get ImageMagick version
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more
details. You may need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby
Gem files will remain installed in C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rmagick-2.13.1 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rmagick-2 .13.1/ext/RMagick/gem_make.out
C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16>dir include
Volume in drive C has no label.
Volume Serial Number is F8E5-EDB8
Directory of C:\RailsInstaller\ImageMagick-6.8.2-Q16\include
01/29/2013 04:33 PM <DIR> .
01/29/2013 04:33 PM <DIR> ..
01/29/2013 04:33 PM <DIR> magick
01/29/2013 04:33 PM <DIR> Magick++
09/05/2009 04:47 PM 419 Magick++.h
01/29/2013 04:33 PM <DIR> wand
这是 gem_make.out 的内容
C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
Invalid drive specification.
Unable to get ImageMagick version
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more
details. You may need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/bin/ruby
这是 extconf.rb 的内容
require "mkmf"
require "date"
RMAGICK_VERS = "2.13.1"
MIN_RUBY_VERS = "1.8.5"
MIN_RUBY_VERS_NO = MIN_RUBY_VERS.tr(".","").to_i
MIN_IM_VERS = "6.4.9"
MIN_IM_VERS_NO = MIN_IM_VERS.tr(".","").to_i
# Test for a specific value in an enum type
def have_enum_value(enum, value, headers=nil, &b)
checking_for "#{enum}.#{value}" do
if try_compile(<<"SRC", &b)
#{COMMON_HEADERS}
#{cpp_include(headers)}
/*top*/
int main() { #{enum} t = #{value}; t = t; return 0; }
SRC
$defs.push(format("-DHAVE_ENUM_%s", value.upcase))
true
else
false
end
end
end
# Test for multiple values of the same enum type
def have_enum_values(enum, values, headers=nil, &b)
values.each do |value|
have_enum_value(enum, value, headers, &b)
end
end
def exit_failure(msg)
Logging::message msg
message msg+"\n"
exit(1)
end
# Seems like lots of people have multiple versions of ImageMagick installed.
def check_multiple_imagemagick_versions()
versions = []
path = ENV['PATH'].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
path.each do |dir|
file = File.join(dir, "Magick-config")
if File.executable? file
vers = `#{file} --version`.chomp.strip
prefix = `#{file} --prefix`.chomp.strip
versions << [vers, prefix, dir]
end
end
versions.uniq!
if versions.size > 1
msg = "\nWarning: Found more than one ImageMagick installation. This could cause problems at runtime.\n"
versions.each do |vers, prefix, dir|
msg << " #{dir}/Magick-config reports version #{vers} is installed in #{prefix}\n"
end
msg << "Using #{versions[0][0]} from #{versions[0][1]}.\n\n"
Logging::message msg
message msg
end
end
# Ubuntu (maybe other systems) comes with a partial installation of
# ImageMagick in the prefix /usr (some libraries, no includes, and no
# binaries). This causes problems when /usr/lib is in the path (e.g., using
# the default Ruby installation).
def check_partial_imagemagick_versions()
prefix = config_string("prefix")
matches = [
prefix+"/lib/lib?agick*",
prefix+"/include/ImageMagick",
prefix+"/bin/Magick-config",
].map do |file_glob|
Dir.glob(file_glob)
end
matches.delete_if { |arr| arr.empty? }
if 0 < matches.length and matches.length < 3
msg = "\nWarning: Found a partial ImageMagick installation. Your operating system likely has some built-in ImageMagick libraries but not all of ImageMagick. This will most likely cause problems at both compile and runtime.\nFound partial installation at: "+prefix+"\n"
Logging::message msg
message msg
end
end
if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mswin/
abort <<END_MSWIN
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| This rmagick gem is for use only on Linux, BSD, OS X, and similar systems |
| that have a gnu or similar toolchain installed. The rmagick-win32 gem is a |
| pre-compiled version of RMagick bundled with ImageMagick for use on |
| Microsoft Windows systems. The rmagick-win32 gem is available on RubyForge.|
| See http://rmagick.rubyforge.org/install-faq.html for more information. |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
END_MSWIN
end
unless checking_for("Ruby version >= #{MIN_RUBY_VERS}") do
version = RUBY_VERSION.tr(".","").to_i
version >= MIN_RUBY_VERS_NO
end
exit_failure "Can't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}. Ruby #{MIN_RUBY_VERS} or later required.\n"
end
# Magick-config is not available on Windows
if RUBY_PLATFORM !~ /mswin|mingw/
# Check for compiler. Extract first word so ENV['CC'] can be a program name with arguments.
cc = (ENV["CC"] or Config::CONFIG["CC"] or "gcc").split(' ').first
unless find_executable(cc)
exit_failure "No C compiler found in ${ENV['PATH']}. See mkmf.log for details."
end
# Check for Magick-config
unless find_executable("Magick-config")
exit_failure "Can't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}. Can't find Magick-config in #{ENV['PATH']}\n"
end
check_multiple_imagemagick_versions()
check_partial_imagemagick_versions()
# Ensure minimum ImageMagick version
unless checking_for("ImageMagick version >= #{MIN_IM_VERS}") do
version = `Magick-config --version`.chomp.tr(".","").to_i
version >= MIN_IM_VERS_NO
end
exit_failure "Can't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}. You must have ImageMagick #{MIN_IM_VERS} or later.\n"
end
$magick_version = `Magick-config --version`.chomp
# Ensure ImageMagick is not configured for HDRI
unless checking_for("HDRI disabled version of ImageMagick") do
not (`Magick-config --version`["HDRI"])
end
exit_failure "\nCan't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}."+
"\nRMagick does not work when ImageMagick is configured for High Dynamic Range Images."+
"\nDon't use the --enable-hdri option when configuring ImageMagick.\n"
end
# Save flags
$CFLAGS = ENV["CFLAGS"].to_s + " " + `Magick-config --cflags`.chomp
$CPPFLAGS = ENV["CPPFLAGS"].to_s + " " + `Magick-config --cppflags`.chomp
$LDFLAGS = ENV["LDFLAGS"].to_s + " " + `Magick-config --ldflags`.chomp
$LOCAL_LIBS = ENV["LIBS"].to_s + " " + `Magick-config --libs`.chomp
elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mingw/ # mingw
`convert -version` =~ /Version: ImageMagick (\d+\.\d+\.\d+)-\d+ /
abort "Unable to get ImageMagick version" unless $1
$magick_version = $1
$LOCAL_LIBS = '-lCORE_RL_magick_ -lX11'
else # mswin
`convert -version` =~ /Version: ImageMagick (\d+\.\d+\.\d+)-\d+ /
abort "Unable to get ImageMagick version" unless $1
$magick_version = $1
$CFLAGS = "-W3"
$CPPFLAGS = %Q{-I"C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Platform SDK for Windows Server 2003 R2\\Include" -I"C:\\Program Files\\ImageMagick-#{$magick_version}-Q8\\include"}
# The /link option is required by the Makefile but causes warnings in the mkmf.log file.
$LDFLAGS = %Q{/link /LIBPATH:"C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Platform SDK for Windows Server 2003 R2\\Lib" /LIBPATH:"C:\\Program Files\\ImageMagick-#{$magick_version}-Q8\\lib" /LIBPATH:"C:\\ruby\\lib"}
$LOCAL_LIBS = 'CORE_RL_magick_.lib X11.lib'
end
#headers = %w{assert.h ctype.h errno.h float.h limits.h math.h stdarg.h stddef.h stdint.h stdio.h stdlib.h string.h time.h}
headers = %w{assert.h ctype.h stdio.h stdlib.h math.h time.h}
headers << "stdint.h" if have_header("stdint.h") # defines uint64_t
headers << "sys/types.h" if have_header("sys/types.h")
if have_header("wand/MagickWand.h")
headers << "wand/MagickWand.h"
else
exit_failure "\nCan't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}. Can't find MagickWand.h."
end
if RUBY_PLATFORM !~ /mswin|mingw/
unless have_library("MagickCore", "InitializeMagick", headers) || have_library("Magick", "InitializeMagick", headers) || have_library("Magick++","InitializeMagick",headers)
exit_failure "Can't install RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}. " +
"Can't find the ImageMagick library or one of the dependent libraries. " +
"Check the mkmf.log file for more detailed information.\n"
end
end
have_func("snprintf", headers)
["AcquireImage", # 6.4.1
"AffinityImage", # 6.4.3-6
"AffinityImages", # 6.4.3-6
"AutoGammaImageChannel", # 6.5.5-1
"AutoLevelImageChannel", # 6.5.5-1
"BlueShiftImage", # 6.5.4-3
"ConstituteComponentTerminus", # 6.5.7-9
"DeskewImage", # 6.4.2-5
"EncipherImage", # 6.3.8-6
"EqualizeImageChannel", # 6.3.6-9
"FloodfillPaintImage", # 6.3.7
"FunctionImageChannel", # 6.4.8-8
"GetAuthenticIndexQueue", # 6.4.5-6
"GetAuthenticPixels", # 6.4.5-6
"GetImageAlphaChannel", # 6.3.9-2
"GetVirtualPixels", # 6.4.5-6
"LevelImageColors", # 6.4.2
"LevelColorsImageChannel", # 6.5.6-4
"LevelizeImageChannel", # 6.4.2
"LiquidRescaleImage", # 6.3.8-2
"MagickLibAddendum", # 6.5.9-1
"OpaquePaintImageChannel", # 6.3.7-10
"QueueAuthenticPixels", # 6.4.5-6
"RemapImage", # 6.4.4-0
"RemoveImageArtifact", # 6.3.6
"SelectiveBlurImageChannel", # 6.5.0-3
"SetImageAlphaChannel", # 6.3.6-9
"SetImageArtifact", # 6.3.6
"SetMagickMemoryMethods", # 6.4.1
"SparseColorImage", # 6.3.6-?
"SyncAuthenticPixels", # 6.4.5-6
"TransparentPaintImage", # 6.3.7-10
"TransparentPaintImageChroma" # 6.4.5-6
].each do |func|
have_func(func, headers)
end
checking_for("QueryMagickColorname() new signature") do
if try_compile(<<"SRC")
#{COMMON_HEADERS}
#{cpp_include(headers)}
/*top*/
int main() {
MagickBooleanType okay;
Image *image;
MagickPixelPacket *color;
char *name;
ExceptionInfo *exception;
okay = QueryMagickColorname(image, color, SVGCompliance, name, exception);
return 0;
}
SRC
$defs.push("-DHAVE_NEW_QUERYMAGICKCOLORNAME")
true
else
false
end
end
have_struct_member("Image", "type", headers) # ???
have_struct_member("DrawInfo", "kerning", headers) # 6.4.7-8
have_struct_member("DrawInfo", "interline_spacing", headers) # 6.5.5-8
have_struct_member("DrawInfo", "interword_spacing", headers) # 6.4.8-0
have_type("DitherMethod", headers) # 6.4.2
have_type("MagickFunction", headers) # 6.4.8-8
have_type("ImageLayerMethod", headers) # 6.3.6 replaces MagickLayerMethod
have_type("long double", headers)
#have_type("unsigned long long", headers)
#have_type("uint64_t", headers)
#have_type("__int64", headers)
#have_type("uintmax_t", headers)
#check_sizeof("unsigned long", headers)
#check_sizeof("Image *", headers)
have_enum_values("AlphaChannelType", ["CopyAlphaChannel", # 6.4.3-7
"BackgroundAlphaChannel"], headers) # 6.5.2-5
have_enum_values("CompositeOperator", ["BlurCompositeOp", # 6.5.3-7
"DistortCompositeOp", # 6.5.3-10
"LinearBurnCompositeOp", # 6.5.4-3
"LinearDodgeCompositeOp", # 6.5.4-3
"MathematicsCompositeOp", # 6.5.4-3
"PegtopLightCompositeOp", # 6.5.4-3
"PinLightCompositeOp", # 6.5.4-3
"VividLightCompositeOp"], headers) # 6.5.4-3
have_enum_values("CompressionType", ["DXT1Compression", # 6.3.9-3
"DXT3Compression", # 6.3.9-3
"DXT5Compression", # 6.3.9-3
"ZipSCompression", # 6.5.5-4
"PizCompression", # 6.5.5-4
"Pxr24Compression", # 6.5.5-4
"B44Compression", # 6.5.5-4
"B44ACompression"], headers) # 6.5.5-4
have_enum_values("DistortImageMethod", ["BarrelDistortion", # 6.4.2-5
"BarrelInverseDistortion", # 6.4.3-8
"BilinearForwardDistortion", # 6.5.1-2
"BilinearReverseDistortion", # 6.5.1-2
"DePolarDistortion", # 6.4.2-6
"PolarDistortion", # 6.4.2-6
"PolynomialDistortion", # 6.4.2-4
"ShepardsDistortion"], headers) # 6.4.2-4
have_enum_value("DitherMethod", "NoDitherMethod", headers) # 6.4.3
have_enum_values("FilterTypes", ["KaiserFilter", # 6.3.6
"WelshFilter", # 6.3.6-4
"ParzenFilter", # 6.3.6-4
"LagrangeFilter", # 6.3.7-2
"BohmanFilter", # 6.3.7-2
"BartlettFilter", # 6.3.7-2
"SentinelFilter"], headers) # 6.3.7-2
have_enum_values("MagickEvaluateOperator", ["PowEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.1-9
"LogEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.2
"ThresholdEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"ThresholdBlackEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"ThresholdWhiteEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"GaussianNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"ImpulseNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"LaplacianNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"MultiplicativeNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"PoissonNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"UniformNoiseEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.3
"CosineEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.8-5
"SineEvaluateOperator", # 6.4.8-5
"AddModulusEvaluateOperator"], # 6.4.8-5
headers)
have_enum_values("MagickFunction", ["ArcsinFunction", # 6.5.2-8
"ArctanFunction", # 6.5.2-8
"PolynomialFunction", # 6.4.8-8
"SinusoidFunction"], headers) # 6.4.8-8
have_enum_values("ImageLayerMethod", ["FlattenLayer", # 6.3.6-2
"MergeLayer", # 6.3.6
"MosaicLayer", # 6.3.6-2
"TrimBoundsLayer" ], headers) # 6.4.3-8
have_enum_values("VirtualPixelMethod", ["HorizontalTileVirtualPixelMethod", # 6.4.2-6
"VerticalTileVirtualPixelMethod", # 6.4.2-6
"HorizontalTileEdgeVirtualPixelMethod", # 6.5.0-1
"VerticalTileEdgeVirtualPixelMethod", # 6.5.0-1
"CheckerTileVirtualPixelMethod"], # 6.5.0-1
headers)
# Now test Ruby 1.9.0 features.
headers = ["ruby.h"]
if have_header("ruby/io.h")
headers << "ruby/io.h"
else
headers << "rubyio.h"
end
have_func("rb_frame_this_func", headers)
# Miscellaneous constants
$defs.push("-DRUBY_VERSION_STRING=\"ruby #{RUBY_VERSION}\"")
$defs.push("-DRMAGICK_VERSION_STRING=\"RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS}\"")
create_header()
# Prior to 1.8.5 mkmf duplicated the symbols on the command line and in the
# extconf.h header. Suppress that behavior by removing the symbol array.
$defs = []
# Force re-compilation if the generated Makefile changed.
$config_h = "Makefile rmagick.h"
create_makefile("RMagick2")
SUMMARY = <<"END_SUMMARY"
#{"=" * 70}
#{DateTime.now.strftime("%a %d%b%y %T")}
This installation of RMagick #{RMAGICK_VERS} is configured for
Ruby #{RUBY_VERSION} (#{RUBY_PLATFORM}) and ImageMagick #{$magick_version}
#{"=" * 70}
END_SUMMARY
Logging::message SUMMARY
message SUMMARY
这是 mkmf.log 的内容
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... -------------------- yes
--------------------
我也有 Cygwin 并在那里尝试过，但遇到了不同的 ruby 相关错误。我可以看到一些错误，例如“无效的驱动器规格”，但我不知道这是从哪里来的。