23

如何使用 Async / Await 模式转换我的传统 HttpWebRequest“POST”调用，在这里我附上我当前的代码，任何人请帮助我使用 Windows phone 8 的 Async / Await 模式转换此代码。

public void GetEnvironmentVariables(Action<Credentials> getResultCallback, Action<Exception> getErrorCallback)
{
    CredentialsCallback = getResultCallback;
    ErrorCallback = getErrorCallback;
    var uri = new Uri(BaseUri);
    var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
    request.Method = "POST";
    request.ContentType = "application/json";
    var jsonObject = new JObject
    {
        new JProperty("apiKey",_api),
        new JProperty("affiliateId",_affid),
    };
    var serializedResult = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jsonObject);
    byte[] requestBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(serializedResult);

    request.BeginGetRequestStream(GetRequestStreamCallback, new object[] { request, requestBody });

}

private void GetRequestStreamCallback(IAsyncResult asynchronousResult)
{
    var request = (HttpWebRequest)((object[])asynchronousResult.AsyncState)[0];
    using (var postStream = request.EndGetRequestStream(asynchronousResult))
    {
        var byteArray = (byte[])((object[])asynchronousResult.AsyncState)[1];

        // Write to the request stream.
        postStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);

    }
    request.BeginGetResponse(GetResponseCallback, request);
}

private void GetResponseCallback(IAsyncResult asynchronousResult)
{
    var request = (HttpWebRequest)asynchronousResult.AsyncState;
    try
    {
        var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.EndGetResponse(asynchronousResult);
        if (response != null)
        {
            var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
            string responseString = reader.ReadToEnd();
            Credentails = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Credentials>(responseString);
            if (Credentails != null && string.IsNullOrEmpty(Credentails.Err))
                CredentialsCallback(Credentails);
            else
            {
                if (Credentails != null)
                    ErrorCallback(new Exception(string.Format("Error Code : {0}", StorageCredentails.Err)));
            }
        }
    }
    catch (WebException we)
    {
            var reader = new StreamReader(we.Response.GetResponseStream());
            string responseString = reader.ReadToEnd();
            Debug.WriteLine(responseString);
            ErrorCallback(we);

    }
}
4

3 回答 3

20

由于 Windows Phone 8 似乎没有提供您需要的 TAP 方法，GetRequestStreamAsync因此首先要做的是编写一个小包装器来为自己提供它们：

public static class WebRequestAsyncExtensions
{
    public static Task<Stream> GetRequestStreamAsync(this WebRequest request)
    {
        return Task.Factory.FromAsync<Stream>(
            request.BeginGetRequestStream, request.EndGetRequestStream, null);
    }

    public static Task<WebResponse> GetResponseAsync(this WebRequest request)
    {
        return Task.Factory.FromAsync<WebResponse>(
            request.BeginGetResponse, request.EndGetResponse, null);
    }
}

请注意使用Task.Factory.FromAsync- 这是在await基于 APM 的异步 API（例如WebRequest. 这比按照其他人的建议使用要有效得多Task.Factory.StartNew，因为这会启动一个新线程，而这不需要。

有了这个，您现在可以像在这些 TAP 样式方法可用的平台（例如 Windows 8 商店应用程序、桌面应用程序等）上一样编写代码：

public async Task GetEnvironmentVariablesAsync(Action<Credentials> getResultCallback, Action<Exception> getErrorCallback)
{
    CredentialsCallback = getResultCallback;
    ErrorCallback = getErrorCallback;
    var uri = new Uri(BaseUri);
    var request = (HttpWebRequest) WebRequest.Create(uri);
    request.Method = "POST";
    request.ContentType = "application/json";
    var jsonObject = new JObject
    {
        new JProperty("apiKey",_api),
        new JProperty("affiliateId",_affid),
    };
    var serializedResult = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jsonObject);
    byte[] requestBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(serializedResult);

    // ASYNC: using awaitable wrapper to get request stream
    using (var postStream = await request.GetRequestStreamAsync())
    {
        // Write to the request stream.
        // ASYNC: writing to the POST stream can be slow
        await postStream.WriteAsync(requestBody, 0, requestBody.Length);
    }

    try
    {
        // ASYNC: using awaitable wrapper to get response
        var response = (HttpWebResponse) await request.GetResponseAsync();
        if (response != null)
        {
            var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
            // ASYNC: using StreamReader's async method to read to end, in case
            // the stream i slarge.
            string responseString = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
            Credentails = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Credentials>(responseString);
            if (Credentails != null && string.IsNullOrEmpty(Credentails.Err))
                CredentialsCallback(Credentails);
            else
            {
                if (Credentails != null)
                    ErrorCallback(new Exception(string.Format("Error Code : {0}", StorageCredentails.Err)));
            }
        }
    }
    catch (WebException we)
    {
        var reader = new StreamReader(we.Response.GetResponseStream());
        string responseString = reader.ReadToEnd();
        Debug.WriteLine(responseString);
        ErrorCallback(we);

    }
}

请注意带有注释的四行// ASYNC:- 这些显示了我所做的更改。我已将您的方法折叠为一个，因为这是 a) 一旦您使用async并且awaitb) 比尝试使用状态参数将事物从一种方法传递到下一个方法容易得多。

请注意，其中的第二个和第四个实际上使您以前同步执行的一些事情异步：将数据写入请求流，并从响应流中读取数据。对于一个小请求，这可能无关紧要，但如果正在传输大量数据，同步调用Write或ReadToEnd可能会阻塞。幸运的是，尽管 Windows Phone 8 似乎缺少 on 的 TAP 方法WebRequest，但它确实提供了这些方法Stream，StreamReader因此无需编写任何扩展方法即可工作。

于 2013-02-05T15:45:48.077 回答
2

我是社区的新手，所以这是我的第一篇文章。在这种情况下，您可以使用通用任务返回任何类型。这在过去对我来说效果很好。

服务器端 

public class MyController : ApiController
{
    public Task<string> PostAsync()
    {
        return Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            return "populate me with any type and data, but change the type in the response signature.";
        });
    }
}

客户端

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    public Task<ViewResult> Index()
    {
        return Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            var model = "use a provider, get some data, or something";
            return View(model);
        });
    }
}
于 2013-01-30T20:17:35.460 回答
0

这应该做的工作：

    public async void GetEnvironmentVariables(Action<Credentials> getResultCallback, Action<Exception> getErrorCallback) {
        CredentialsCallback = getResultCallback;
        ErrorCallback = getErrorCallback;
        var uri = new Uri(BaseUri);
        var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
        request.Method = "POST";
        request.ContentType = "application/json";

        var jsonObject = new JObject {
            new JProperty("apiKey", _api),
            new JProperty("affiliateId", _affid),
        };

        var serializedResult = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(jsonObject);
        var requestBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(serializedResult);

        var requestStream = request.GetRequestStream();
        requestStream.Write(requestBody, 0, requestBody.Length);

        await GetResponse(request);
    }

    private async Task GetResponse(WebRequest request) {
        Stream resStream = null;

        try {
            var response = await request.GetResponseAsync();

            if (response == null) {
                return;
            }

            resStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            if (resStream == null) {
                return;
            }

            var reader = new StreamReader(resStream);
            var responseString = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
            Credentails = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Credentials>(responseString);
            if (Credentails != null && string.IsNullOrEmpty(Credentails.Err)) {
                CredentialsCallback(Credentails);
            }
            else {
                if (Credentails != null) {
                    ErrorCallback(new Exception(string.Format("Error Code : {0}", StorageCredentails.Err)));
                }
            }
        }
        catch (WebException we) {
            if (resStream != null) {
                var reader = new StreamReader(resStream);
                var responseString = reader.ReadToEnd();
                Debug.WriteLine(responseString);
            }
            ErrorCallback(we);
        }
    }
于 2013-01-29T15:50:07.310 回答