我是春季新手，正在尝试我的第一个应用程序。我的休眠在视图被渲染之前就关闭了，并且延迟加载的属性有问题（预期的行为）。我已将 OpenSessionInViewFilter 添加到我的 web.xml 并导致以下情况：
java.lang.IllegalStateException: No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener registered?
事先它在我拥有的默认 servlet 上下文配置中运行良好（有人可以告诉我为什么吗？）。所以我添加了以下内容：
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/springapp-servlet.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
新错误消失了..但仍然从休眠中获得无会话异常
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.test.model.Store.categories, could not initialize proxy - no Session
我在我的一个控制器中放了一条调试消息，它似乎被初始化了 3 次。也许我有多个休眠会话工厂 bean 实例？我的控制器方法被标记为@Transactional 并且一切正常，直到我试图让会话保持打开状态以使惰性字段可用于视图。
我的完整 web.xml （添加了新的上下文，在我添加休眠过滤器之前没有它可以正常工作）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >
<display-name>
Spring
</display-name>
<description>
Spring Test
</description>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/springapp-servlet.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
<param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springapp</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springapp</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<error-page>
<error-code>500</error-code>
<location>/error/500</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/resources/pages/error.html</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
springapp-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.web.controllers,com.test.service.impl" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"/>
<property name="username" value="spring"/>
<property name="password" value="test"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath*:com/test/model/hbm/**/*.hbm.xml" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="velocityConfig" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer">
<property name="resourceLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
</bean>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityLayoutViewResolver">
<property name="cache" value="true"/>
<property name="prefix" value=""/>
<property name="suffix" value=".vm"/>
<property name="layoutUrl" value="index.vm" />
<!-- if you want to use the Spring Velocity macros, set this property to true -->
<property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true"/>
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10000000" />
</bean>
<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" />
<bean id="categoryDAO" class="com.test.dao.hibernate.HibernateCategoryDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="categoryService" class="com.test.service.Categories" scope="singleton">
<property name="dao" ref="categoryDAO"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="storeDAO" class="com.test.dao.hibernate.HibernateStoreDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="storeService" class="com.test.service.Stores" scope="singleton">
<property name="dao" ref="storeDAO"></property>
<property name="categoryDao" ref="categoryDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>