我的电脑坏了，但幸运的是我备份了文件夹 C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL。
现在我在一台新计算机上工作，我想导入以前存储在外部磁盘中的 Postgres 数据库。
我想导出位于备份文件夹中的特定数据库的架构。
该文件PostgreSQL\8.3\data\global\pg_database包含有关数据库及其 OID 的信息；例如：
"db1" 20012
"db2" 23456
我想导出“db1”的模式。
文件夹中有一个名为“20012”的文件夹"PostgreSQL\8.3\data\base\20012"
，其中包含很多文件[500个文件]。
有没有办法导出该数据库的模式？
请注意，所有 Postgresql 数据库文件都位于外部硬盘中，我想将该数据库的模式导出到 SQL 文件中，获取该文件，运行它并在本地创建完全相同的数据库。
你应该看看pg_dump：
pg_dump -s databasename
只会将模式作为 .sql 转储到标准输出。
对于 Windows，您可能需要调用pg_dump.exe. 我无法访问 Windows 机器，但我很确定这是命令。看看帮助是否也适合您。
在Linux中你可以这样做
pg_dump -U postgres -s postgres > exportFile.dmp
也许它也可以在Windows中工作，如果不能尝试使用pg_dump.exe
pg_dump.exe -U postgres -s postgres > exportFile.dmp
I am running Postgres 9.6 where I had to export a particular schema along with data.
I used the following command:
pg_dump.exe -U username -d databasename -n schemaname > C:\mylocation\mydumpfilename.dmp
If you want only the schema without data, use the switch s instead of n
Below is the pg_dump switch list:
C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\9.6\bin>pg_dump --help
pg_dump dumps a database as a text file or to other formats.
Usage:
pg_dump [OPTION]... [DBNAME]
General options:
-f, --file=FILENAME output file or directory name
-F, --format=c|d|t|p output file format (custom, directory, tar,
plain text (default))
-j, --jobs=NUM use this many parallel jobs to dump
-v, --verbose verbose mode
-V, --version output version information, then exit
-Z, --compress=0-9 compression level for compressed formats
--lock-wait-timeout=TIMEOUT fail after waiting TIMEOUT for a table lock
-?, --help show this help, then exit
Options controlling the output content:
-a, --data-only dump only the data, not the schema
-b, --blobs include large objects in dump
-c, --clean clean (drop) database objects before recreating
-C, --create include commands to create database in dump
-E, --encoding=ENCODING dump the data in encoding ENCODING
-n, --schema=SCHEMA dump the named schema(s) only
-N, --exclude-schema=SCHEMA do NOT dump the named schema(s)
-o, --oids include OIDs in dump
-O, --no-owner skip restoration of object ownership in
plain-text format
-s, --schema-only dump only the schema, no data
-S, --superuser=NAME superuser user name to use in plain-text format
-t, --table=TABLE dump the named table(s) only
-T, --exclude-table=TABLE do NOT dump the named table(s)
-x, --no-privileges do not dump privileges (grant/revoke)
--binary-upgrade for use by upgrade utilities only
--column-inserts dump data as INSERT commands with column names
--disable-dollar-quoting disable dollar quoting, use SQL standard quoting
--disable-triggers disable triggers during data-only restore
--enable-row-security enable row security (dump only content user has
access to)
--exclude-table-data=TABLE do NOT dump data for the named table(s)
--if-exists use IF EXISTS when dropping objects
--inserts dump data as INSERT commands, rather than COPY
--no-security-labels do not dump security label assignments
--no-synchronized-snapshots do not use synchronized snapshots in parallel jobs
--no-tablespaces do not dump tablespace assignments
--no-unlogged-table-data do not dump unlogged table data
--quote-all-identifiers quote all identifiers, even if not key words
--section=SECTION dump named section (pre-data, data, or post-data)
--serializable-deferrable wait until the dump can run without anomalies
--snapshot=SNAPSHOT use given snapshot for the dump
--strict-names require table and/or schema include patterns to
match at least one entity each
--use-set-session-authorization
use SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION commands instead of
ALTER OWNER commands to set ownership
Connection options:
-d, --dbname=DBNAME database to dump
-h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory
-p, --port=PORT database server port number
-U, --username=NAME connect as specified database user
-w, --no-password never prompt for password
-W, --password force password prompt (should happen automatically)
--role=ROLENAME do SET ROLE before dump
If no database name is supplied, then the PGDATABASE environment
variable value is used.
Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>.
pg_dump -d <databasename> -h <hostname> -p <port> -n <schemaname> -f <location of the dump file>
请注意，您有足够的权限访问该架构。如果您想以特定用户身份进行备份，请在该命令中添加用户名-U
对于Linux：（数据除外）
pg_dump -s -t tablename databasename > dump.sql（对于数据库中的特定表）
pg_dump -s databasename > dump.sql（对于整个数据库）
如果你只想要创建表，那么你可以做pg_dump -s databasename | awk 'RS="";/CREATE TABLE[^;]*;/'
设置一个新的 postgresql 服务器并将其数据文件夹替换为外部磁盘中的文件。
然后，您将能够启动该 postgresql 服务器并使用 pg_dump 检索数据（如前所述，pg_dump -s 仅用于模式）
pg_dump -s databasename -t tablename -U user -h host -p port > tablename.sql
这会将模式转储限制为“databasename”的表“tablename”
你应该使用这样的东西pg_dump --schema=your_schema_name db1，详情请看这里