我正在使用 HSM 和 PKCS11 解决密钥派生问题,目前我不明白为什么我会看到完全不同的结果,具体取决于我使用的是 derivedKey() 方法而不是使用 encrypt() 方法。在这两种情况下,我都尝试对结果使用 DESede/ECB/NoPadding 算法,但根据我用来生成结果的方法(deriveKey 与加密),我会看到不同的结果。
稍等片刻,进行高级概述... 我正在使用 Global Platform 使用的特定密钥派生方法来多样化用于智能卡的主密钥。该方法以一个主密钥和用于派生新密钥的 8 字节数据(多样化数据)开始。div 数据字节实际上只是使用 DESede/ECB/NoPadding 使用主密钥加密,结果用作新派生的 3DES 密钥的一部分。(实际上,执行了多次加密,并将结果连接在一起形成新密钥,但这不是这里的问题。)
我已经验证了两种情况下的主密钥,验证了两种情况下的多样化数据是相同的,验证了我使用的是具有相同填充的相同算法。我还尝试将派生密钥模板更改为 DES、2DES、3DES。所有产生的结果相似,只是长度不同。
目前我已经使用 IAIK 包装器(用 Java 编写的 pkcs11 包装器)实现了我的测试用例,我将在此处发布。密钥只是一个测试密钥,div数据是样本div数据,所以这里没有敏感信息。我首先在 HSM 中创建一个基本密钥,然后尝试通过使用多样化数据调用 session.deriveKey() 来派生一个新密钥。派生的密钥字节以十六进制打印(密钥值不正确,基于我当前工作的实现,该实现在内存中而不是在 HSM 中派生密钥)。接下来,我简单地初始化会话以使用主密钥执行加密,然后加密多样化数据。这会产生预期值(再次检查工作实现)。
我正在寻找的是,当我使用相同的基本密钥、相同的 div 数据和相同的加密算法时,为什么这些操作会产生不同的结果。我不明白deriveKey() 在表面下做了什么,我找不到任何文档或源代码来阐明这一点。我必须能够使用派生密钥()方法,因为派生密钥在 HSM 之外不可用。
任何见解表示赞赏。
Mechanism keyGenerationMechanism = Mechanism.get(PKCS11Constants.CKM_DES3_KEY_GEN);
List supportedMechanisms = Arrays.asList(token.getMechanismList());
if (!supportedMechanisms.contains(Mechanism.get(PKCS11Constants.CKM_DES3_KEY_GEN))) {
output_.println("Mechanism not supported: DES3_KEY_GEN");
return;
}
// This is the master key that I want to diversify
DES3SecretKey baseKeyTemplate = new DES3SecretKey();
baseKeyTemplate.getValue().setByteArrayValue(new byte[] {0x3d, 0x20, 0x5b, 0x29, (byte) 0xfd, 0x04, (byte) 0xd9, (byte) 0x89, (byte) 0xd0, (byte) 0xfd, (byte) 0x85, (byte) 0xd5, (byte) 0xf7, (byte) 0xb3, 0x31, (byte) 0xd3,
0x3d, 0x20, 0x5b, 0x29, (byte) 0xfd, 0x04, (byte) 0xd9, (byte) 0x89});
baseKeyTemplate.getDerive().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getToken().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getPrivate().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getSensitive().setBooleanValue(Boolean.FALSE);
baseKeyTemplate.getExtractable().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getLabel().setCharArrayValue("GP-3des-aba".toCharArray());
baseKeyTemplate.getObjectClass().setLongValue(PKCS11Constants.CKO_SECRET_KEY);
baseKeyTemplate.getKeyType().setLongValue(PKCS11Constants.CKK_DES3);
baseKeyTemplate.getEncrypt().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getDecrypt().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getWrap().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
baseKeyTemplate.getUnwrap().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
output_.println("baseKeyTemplate: " + baseKeyTemplate.toString());
SecretKey baseKey = (SecretKey) session.createObject(baseKeyTemplate);
System.out.println("Base key: ");
System.out.println(baseKey.toString());
output_
.println("################################################################################");
output_.println("derive key");
//DES3 Key Template
DESSecretKey derived3DESKeyTemplate = new DESSecretKey();
SecretKey derivedKeyTemplate = derived3DESKeyTemplate;
derivedKeyTemplate.getSensitive().setBooleanValue(Boolean.FALSE);
derivedKeyTemplate.getToken().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
derivedKeyTemplate.getExtractable().setBooleanValue(Boolean.TRUE);
derivedKeyTemplate.getPrivate().setBooleanValue(Boolean.FALSE);
derivedKeyTemplate.getKeyType().setLongValue(PKCS11Constants.CKK_DES);
// This represents the diversification data (.ie div bytes from some smart card)
byte[] data = new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0x84, 0x30, (byte) 0x95, 0x35, 0x05,(byte) 0xf0, 0x01};
KeyDerivationStringDataParameters param = new KeyDerivationStringDataParameters(data);
Mechanism mechanism = Mechanism.get(PKCS11Constants.CKM_DES3_ECB);
if (!supportedMechanisms.contains(Mechanism
.get(PKCS11Constants.CKM_DES3_ECB))) {
output_.println("Mechanism not supported: CKM_DES3_ECB");
return;
}
mechanism.setParameters(param);
System.out.println("Derivation Mechanism: ");
output_.println(mechanism.toString());
output_
.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
Key derivedKey = session.deriveKey(mechanism, baseKey, derivedKeyTemplate);
if (derivedKey == null) {
output_.println("Found NO key that can be used for encryption.");
output_.flush();
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println("Derived key: ");
output_.println(derivedKey.toString());
output_
.println("################################################################################");
output_.println("finished");
// initialize for encryption
Mechanism encryptionMechanism = Mechanism.get(PKCS11Constants.CKM_DES3_ECB);
session.encryptInit(encryptionMechanism, baseKey);
byte[] encryptedData = session.encrypt(data);
System.out.println("Encrypted data: " + new String(Hex.encodeHex(encryptedData)));
// This is the second part of the derived key, let's not worry about this yet since the first part isn't
// working.
// data = new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0x84, 0x30, (byte) 0x95, 0x35, 0x05,(byte) 0x0f, 0x01,
// 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
// 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
//
// session.encryptInit(encryptionMechanism, baseKey);
// encryptedData = session.encrypt(data);
// System.out.println("Encrypted data: " + new String(Hex.encodeHex(encryptedData)));
session.closeSession();
pkcs11Module.finalize(null);
这是我运行上述代码时的相关输出:
Base key:
Object Class: Secret Key
Token: true
Private: true
Modifiable: true
Label: GP-3des-aba
Key Type: DES3
ID: <NULL_PTR>
Start Date: 00.00.0000 (DD.MM.YYYY)
End Date: 00.00.0000 (DD.MM.YYYY)
Derive: true
Local: false
Key Generation Mechanism: <Information unavailable>
Allowed Mechanisms: <NULL_PTR>
Sensitive: false
Encrypt: true
Decrypt: true
Sign: false
Verify: false
Wrap: true
Unwrap: true
Extractable: true
Always Sensitive: false
Never Extractable: false
Check Value: <Attribute not present>
Wrap With Trusted: <Attribute not present>
Trusted: <Attribute not present>
Wrap Template: <Attribute not present>
Unwrap Template: <Attribute not present>
Value (hex): 3d205b29fd04d989d0fd85d5f7b331d33d205b29fd04d989
################################################################################
derive key
Derivation Mechanism:
Mechanism: CKM_DES3_ECB
Parameters:
String data (hex): 008430953505f001
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
01/18/13 14:12:10 CALL: entering (in Java_iaik_pkcs_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11Implementation_C_1DeriveKey)
[snip]
Derived key:
Object Class: Secret Key
Token: true
Private: false
Modifiable: true
Label: <NULL_PTR>
Key Type: DES
ID: <NULL_PTR>
Start Date: 00.00.0000 (DD.MM.YYYY)
End Date: 00.00.0000 (DD.MM.YYYY)
Derive: false
Local: false
Key Generation Mechanism: CKM_DES3_ECB
Allowed Mechanisms: <NULL_PTR>
Sensitive: false
Encrypt: false
Decrypt: false
Sign: false
Verify: false
Wrap: false
Unwrap: false
Extractable: true
Always Sensitive: false
Never Extractable: false
Check Value: <Attribute not present>
Wrap With Trusted: <Attribute not present>
Trusted: <Attribute not present>
Wrap Template: <Attribute not present>
Unwrap Template: <Attribute not present>
Value (hex): 3efe0eab6d3db397 <--- call to deriveKey() value incorrect
################################################################################
finished
01/18/13 14:12:12 CALL: entering (in Java_iaik_pkcs_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11Implementation_C_1EncryptInit)
01/18/13 14:12:12 CALL: exiting (in Java_iaik_pkcs_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11Implementation_C_1EncryptInit)
01/18/13 14:12:12 CALL: entering (in Java_iaik_pkcs_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11Implementation_C_1Encrypt)
01/18/13 14:12:12 CALL: exiting (in Java_iaik_pkcs_pkcs11_wrapper_PKCS11Implementation_C_1Encrypt)
Encrypted data: 3fff0faa6c3cb297 <--- call to encrypt() returns the expected value