android - Android 创建可重用样式

Question

我想创建一个样式（或者我不知道它的名字的东西），然后重复使用它，我的屏幕将有 100 多个项目，每个项目都包含图片和文本视图，我认为这不是一个好在我的 xml 文件中制作 100 个布局的方法，我认为有一种方法可以创建一次（保存图片和文本视图），然后在我的活动中重新启动它。请问有什么建议吗？

score 1 · Accepted Answer

这里是来自 Android 的 Fragments 的链接下面是使用 Fragments 的项目的代码下面的代码也使用了universalimageloader和ActionBarSherlock虽然我并没有对操作栏做太多事情。此代码还使用在片段和主 SherlockFragmentActivity 之间进行通信的接口。我展示了正在使用的 2 个不同的片段。可以从一个站点或另一个站点加载数据的列表片段和从具有片段控制活动的接口设置获取其数据的详细信息片段。

细节片段

import java.util.HashMap;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.actionbarsherlock.app.SherlockFragment;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.DisplayImageOptions;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoader;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.display.RoundedBitmapDisplayer;

public class DetailsFrag extends SherlockFragment {
public static final String TAG = "detailsfrag";
private boolean typeFlag;
private GetData gd;
private DisplayImageOptions dio = null;
private ImageLoader il;
private ImageView image;
private TextView name;
private TextView data_box_1;
private TextView data_box_2;
private HashMap<String, Object> fragData;

static DetailsFrag newInstance() {
    DetailsFrag frag = new DetailsFrag();

    return frag;
}

public interface GetData {
    public HashMap<String, Object> getData();
}

@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
    try {
        gd = (GetData) activity;
    } catch (ClassCastException e) {
        throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                + " must implement GetData");
    }
}

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflate, ViewGroup container,
        Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    setRetainInstance(true);
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    il = ImageLoader.getInstance();
    dio = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()
            .showStubImage(R.drawable.kzfr_logo).cacheInMemory()
            .cacheOnDisc().displayer(new RoundedBitmapDisplayer(20))
            .build();
    View result = inflate.inflate(R.layout.details_frag, container, false);
    image = (ImageView) result.findViewById(R.id.image);
    data_box_1 = (TextView) result.findViewById(R.id.data_box_1);
    data_box_2 = (TextView) result.findViewById(R.id.data_box_2);
    name = (TextView) result.findViewById(R.id.name);

    fragData = gd.getData();

    String imagePath = (String) fragData.get("image");
    il.displayImage(imagePath, image, dio);
    Toast.makeText(getSherlockActivity(), "Image path " + imagePath,
            Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    String title = (String) fragData.get("title");
    name.setText(title);
    String times = (String) fragData.get("times");
    data_box_1.setText(times);
    String data2 = (String) fragData.get("short_description");
    data_box_2.setText(data2);
    return result;
}

}

这是列表片段

    import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import com.actionbarsherlock.app.SherlockListFragment;

public class ListFrag extends SherlockListFragment {
public static final String TAG = "listfrag";
private boolean typeFlag;
private String mainUrl;
private SetDetails sd;
private List<HashMap<String, Object>> data;

static ListFrag newInstance(boolean type) {
    ListFrag frag = new ListFrag();
    Bundle args = new Bundle();
    args.putBoolean("type", type);
    frag.setArguments(args);
    return frag;
}

public interface SetDetails {
    public void setDetails(HashMap<String, Object> details);
}

@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
    try {
        sd = (SetDetails) activity;
    } catch (ClassCastException e) {
        throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                + " must implement setDetails");
    }
}

@Override
public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
    super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
    sd.setDetails(data.get(position));
}

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
    setRetainInstance(true);
    // set the type of the listview. Hosts or Programs.
    setType();
    if (typeFlag) {
        mainUrl = "http://website.org/api/dataset1";
    } else {
        mainUrl = "http://website.org/api/dataset2";
    }

    // begin a download task to download the data needed to populate the
    // correct list view.
    if (!checkAdapter()) {
        DownloadTask dlTask = new DownloadTask();
        dlTask.execute(mainUrl);
    } else {
        SimpleAdapter adapter = (SimpleAdapter) getListAdapter();
        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
}

public boolean checkAdapter() {
    SimpleAdapter adapter = (SimpleAdapter) getListAdapter();
    if (adapter != null)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

@Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
}

@Override
public void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    // SimpleAdapter adapter = (SimpleAdapter) getListAdapter();
    // if (adapter != null)
    // adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}

private void setType() {
    Bundle args = this.getArguments();
    typeFlag = args.getBoolean("type");
}

private boolean checkType() {
    return typeFlag;
}

/*
 * This method connects to the specified url and returns data ready to be
 * parsed.
 */
private String downloadUrl(String strUrl) throws IOException {
    String data = "";
    InputStream in = null;

    try {
        URL url = new URL(strUrl);
        URLConnection urlConnect = (URLConnection) url.openConnection();
        urlConnect.connect();

        in = urlConnect.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                urlConnect.getInputStream()));

        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

        String line = "";

        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            sb.append(line);
        }
        data = sb.toString();
        br.close();

    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.d("Exception while downloading url", e.toString());
    } finally {
        in.close();
    }
    return data;
}

private class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
    String data = null;

    @Override
    protected String doInBackground(String... url) {
        try {
            data = downloadUrl(url[0]);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.d("Background Task", e.toString());
        }
        return data;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

        ListViewLoaderTask lvLoader = new ListViewLoaderTask();
        lvLoader.execute(result);
    }
}

private class ListViewLoaderTask extends
        AsyncTask<String, Void, ImageLoaderListAdapter> {
    ImageLoaderListAdapter adapter = null;
    int count;
    HashMap<String, Object> hm = null;
    String imgUrl = null;
    String url = "http://website.org/u/img/original/";

    @Override
    protected ImageLoaderListAdapter doInBackground(String... jsonStr) {
        List<HashMap<String, Object>> things = null;
        JSONArray jArray = null;
        try {
            jArray = new JSONArray(jsonStr[0]);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        String[] from = { "title", "image", "short_description" };
        int[] to = { R.id.program_title, R.id.program_image,
                R.id.short_description };
        if (checkType()) {

            data1JSONParser data1Parser = new data1JSONParser();
            try {
                things = data1Parser.parse(jArray);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.d("Exception", e.toString());
            }

        } else {

            data2JSONParser data2Parser = new data2JSONParser();
            try {
                things = data2Parser.parse(jArray);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.d("Exception", e.toString());
            }
        }

        count = things.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            hm = (HashMap<String, Object>) things.get(i);
            imgUrl = (String) hm.get("image");
            if (!imgUrl.equalsIgnoreCase("false")) {
                imgUrl = url + imgUrl;
                hm.put("image", imgUrl);

            }
        }
                    //ImageLoaderListAdapter is a Simple List Adapter that uses Universal Image
                    //Loader to load its images if possible.
        adapter = new ImageLoaderListAdapter(getSherlockActivity()
                .getBaseContext(), things, R.layout.rowlayout, from, to);
        data = things;
        return adapter;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(ImageLoaderListAdapter adapter) {

        setListAdapter(adapter);
        ImageLoaderListAdapter ad = (ImageLoaderListAdapter) getListAdapter();
        ad.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
}

}

这是片段控制活动 I

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.actionbarsherlock.app.SherlockFragmentActivity;
import com.actionbarsherlock.view.Menu;
import com.appdomum.doublea.DayFragment.UpdateList;
import com.appdomum.doublea.DetailsFrag.GetData;
import com.appdomum.doublea.ListFrag.SetDetails;
import com.appdomum.doublea.RadioStream.OnProgramSelectedListener;
import com.appdomum.doublea.ScheduleFrag.UpdateSchedule;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoader;
import com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoaderConfiguration;

public class FragmentControl extends SherlockFragmentActivity implements
    GetData, SetDetails {
protected ImageLoader imageLoader = ImageLoader.getInstance();
    
private ListFrag data1Frag;
private ListFrag data2Frag;
private DetailsFrag detailsFrag;
private Fragment visible;
private Fragment mVisibleCached;
private boolean instanceStateSaved;
private HashMap<String, Object> details = null;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment_control);
    setupFragments();
    ImageLoaderConfiguration config = ImageLoaderConfiguration
            .createDefault(getApplicationContext());
    imageLoader.init(config);
}

public void setupFragments() {
    final FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    final FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();

    data1Frag = ((ListFrag) fm.findFragmentByTag("data1".TAG));
    if (data1Frag == null) {
        data1Frag = ListFrag.newInstance();
        ft.add(R.id.fragment_container, data1Frag , "data1".TAG);
    }
    visible = data1Frag ;

    ft.commit();
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    super.onBackPressed();
    visible = mVisibleCached;
    
}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
    getSupportMenuInflater()
            .inflate(R.menu.activity_fragment_control, menu);
    return true;
}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    if (!instanceStateSaved) {
        imageLoader.stop();
    }
    super.onDestroy();
}

@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
    instanceStateSaved = true;
}

public void showFragment(int fragIn) {
    int inFrag = fragIn;
    final FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    final FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
    
    ft.setCustomAnimations(android.R.anim.fade_in, android.R.anim.fade_out);
    if (visible != null) {

        ft.hide(visible);
        mVisibleCached = visible;

    }
    switch (fragIn) {
    case 0:
        data1Frag = ((ListFrag) fm.findFragmentByTag(data1));
        if (data1Frag == null) {
            data1Frag = ListFrag.newInstance(false);
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, data1Frag ,
                    "data1");
        } else {
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, data1Frag ,
                    "data1");

            if (!data1Frag .isVisible()) {
            }
        }
        ft.addToBackStack(null);
        visible = data1Frag ;
        break;
    case 1:
        data2Frag= ((ListFrag) fm.findFragmentByTag("data2"));
        if (data2Frag== null) {
            data2Frag= ListFrag.newInstance(true);
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, data2Frag, "data2");
        } else {
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, data2Frag, "data2");

            if (!data2Frag.isVisible()) {
            }
        }
        ft.addToBackStack(null);
        visible = data2Frag;
        break;
    case 2:
        detailsFrag = ((DetailsFrag) fm.findFragmentByTag(DetailsFrag.TAG));
        if (detailsFrag == null) {
            detailsFrag = DetailsFrag.newInstance();
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, detailsFrag,
                    DetailsFrag.TAG);
        } else {
            ft.replace(R.id.fragment_container, detailsFrag,
                    DetailsFrag.TAG);
            if (!detailsFrag.isVisible()) {
            }
        }
        ft.addToBackStack(null);
        visible = detailsFrag;
        break;
    }
    ft.commit();
}

@Override
public HashMap<String, Object> getData() {
    return details;
}

@Override
public void setDetails(HashMap<String, Object> data) {
    this.details = data;
    showFragment(2);
}

}

这是片段控制的布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".FragmentControl" >

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" />

</RelativeLayout>

详细信息片段的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="@drawable/woodtileback"
android:padding="10dp" >

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/name"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:paddingBottom="5dip"
    android:paddingTop="10dip"
    android:textAlignment="center" />

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/image"
    android:layout_width="300dip"
    android:layout_height="300dip"
    android:layout_below="@id/name"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:clickable="true"
    android:contentDescription="@string/programdescription" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/data_box_1"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_below="@id/image"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:padding="5dp"
    android:textAlignment="center" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/data_box_2"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_below="@id/data_box_1"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:padding="5dp"
    android:textAlignment="center" />

</RelativeLayout>

列表行的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingRight="5dp" >

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/program_image"
    android:layout_width="100dip"
    android:layout_height="100dip"
    android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
    android:layout_centerVertical="true"
    android:contentDescription="@string/programdescription"
    android:padding="5dp" />

<LinearLayout
    android:id="@+id/details"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_toRightOf="@id/program_image"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/program_title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/short_description"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left" />
</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

android - Android 创建可重用样式

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