您将需要模拟 HttpContext。这是一个示例(它是 MSTest,但我想移植到 NUnit 不会很痛苦 - 您只需要重命名几个属性):
[TestMethod]
public void PrintCSV_Should_Stream_The_Bytes_Argument_For_Download()
{
// arrange
var sut = new HomeController();
var bytes = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 };
var fileName = "foobar";
var httpContext = MockRepository.GenerateMock<HttpContextBase>();
var response = MockRepository.GenerateMock<HttpResponseBase>();
httpContext.Expect(x => x.Response).Return(response);
var requestContext = new RequestContext(httpContext, new RouteData());
sut.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(requestContext, sut);
// act
var actual = sut.PrintCSV(bytes, fileName);
// assert
Assert.IsInstanceOfType(actual, typeof(FileContentResult));
var file = (FileContentResult)actual;
Assert.AreEqual(bytes, file.FileContents);
Assert.AreEqual("application/vnd.ms-excel", file.ContentType);
response.AssertWasCalled(
x => x.AppendHeader(
Arg<string>.Is.Equal("Content-Disposition"),
Arg<string>.Matches(cd => cd.Contains("attachment;") && cd.Contains("filename=" + fileName))
)
);
}
如您所见,这里有一些管道代码来设置测试。我个人使用MvcContrib.TestHelper,因为它简化了很多这样的管道代码并使测试更具可读性。看一下这个:
[TestClass]
public class HomeControllerTests : TestControllerBuilder
{
private HomeController sut;
[TestInitialize]
public void TestInitialize()
{
this.sut = new HomeController();
this.InitializeController(this.sut);
}
[TestMethod]
public void PrintCSV_Should_Stream_The_Bytes_Argument_For_Download()
{
// arrange
var bytes = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 };
var fileName = "foobar";
// act
var actual = sut.PrintCSV(bytes, fileName);
// assert
var file = actual.AssertResultIs<FileContentResult>();
Assert.AreEqual(bytes, file.FileContents);
Assert.AreEqual("application/vnd.ms-excel", file.ContentType);
this.HttpContext.Response.AssertWasCalled(
x => x.AppendHeader(
Arg<string>.Is.Equal("Content-Disposition"),
Arg<string>.Matches(cd => cd.Contains("attachment;") && cd.Contains("filename=" + fileName))
)
);
}
}
现在测试更加清晰,我们可以立即看到初始化阶段、被测方法的实际调用和断言。
备注:说了这么多,我不太明白控制器动作的意义,它需要一个字节数组作为参数,只是为了将它流回客户端。我的意思是为了调用它,客户端需要已经拥有该文件,那么有什么意义呢?但我想这只是为了说明目的。在您的实际方法中,字节数组不作为参数传递,而是在您的控制器操作中从某些外部依赖项中检索。在这种情况下,您也可以模拟这种依赖关系(当然,假设您已经正确地构建了您的层并且它们是足够弱耦合的)。