有没有办法列出 VBS 中创建的对象的可用方法？
例如：
Set IE = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")
我想列出这个对象的可用属性，如：
IE.AddressBar
IE.Application
IE.Busy
...
或方法：
IE.ClientToWindow
IE.ExecWB
IE.GetProperty
...
如何在 VBS 中发现任意有效对象的可用属性？
问问题
45399 次
6 回答
14
使用TypeLib Information Objectsfromtlbinf32.dll可以列出一个类的所有成员。
以下脚本演示了包含的函数，该函数VariableInfo将返回具有传递变量类型的字符串，如果是 Object，则返回所有成员的详细信息，包括类型Property、可调用类型（Sub或Function），以及参数名称和返回类型以防万一的功能。如果是对象，则对象的类型名称COM将是已实现接口的名称。不确定它是否适用于多个实现的接口，但是AFAIKCOM无论如何都不可能在一个类中实现多个接口。
它不以任何方式支持递归，因为这会导致某些类型的无限循环。
这将使您在 VBS 中获得几乎完整的工作反思。非常适合探索 API，例如使用Microsoft Script Debugger。
' Reflection for VBScript via tlbinfo32.dll
'
' Patrick Strasser-Mikhail 2017-2021
' Ansgar Wiechers 2019
' https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14305750/list-object-methods-and-properties/44459670#44459670
'
' v1.1 2021-02-01: Show values of arrays and objects, but only one level
' Returns a String describing the passed object/variable on the first level,
' no recursion.
Function VariableInfo(obj)
VariableInfo = VariableInfoToLevel(obj, 0, 1)
End Function
' Returns a String describing the passed object/variable on the first level,
' recurse down to level max_level(0=no recursion).
Function VariableInfoToLevel(obj, level, max_level)
Const invokeKindPropertyGet = 0 ' simple data member
Const invokeKindFunction = 1 ' method: Sub or Function
Const invokeKindPropertyPut = 2 ' Docs: has a value setter; reality: more like is settable
Const invokeKindPropertyPutRef = 4 ' Docs: has a reference setter; reality: more like is not settable
If level > max_level Then
VariableInfoToLevel = ""
Exit Function
End If
Dim indent : indent = Space(4 * level)
VariableInfoToLevel = indent
If isEmpty(obj) Or _
isNull(obj) _
Then
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & TypeNameFromVarType(VarType(obj))
ElseIf Not IsObject(obj) Then
If Not isArray(obj) Then
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & TypeNameFromVarType(VarType(obj)) & ", Value: [" & obj & "]"
Else
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & TypeNameFromVarType(VarType(obj))
Dim dimension
ReDim sizes(0)
Dim size
On Error Resume Next
Err.Clear
For dimension = 0 To 10 ' deliberate limit to prevent infinite loop
size = Ubound(obj, dimension + 1)
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
' report ther then Index out of Bounds
If Err.Number <> 9 Then
WScript.Echo "Exception " & Err.Number & ": " & Err.Description & "; in " & Err.Source
End If
Exit For
End If
ReDim Preserve sizes(dimension)
sizes(dimension) = size
Next
On Error Goto 0
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & "(" & Join(sizes, ",") & ")"
Select Case dimension
Case 1
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & " {" & vbCrlf
Dim idx
For idx = LBound(obj) To UBound(obj)
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & indent & _
" " & idx & ":" & _
Trim(VariableInfoToLevel(obj(idx), level + 1, max_level)) & vbCrlf
Next
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & indent & "}" & vbCrlf
Case 2
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & "{" & vbCrlf
Dim idx1, idx2
For idx1 = LBound(obj, 1) To UBound(obj, 1)
For idx2 = LBound(obj, 2) To UBound(obj, 2)
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & indent & _
" " & idx1 & "," & idx2 & ":" & _
Trim(VariableInfoToLevel(obj(idx1, idx2), level + 1, max_level)) & vbCrlf
Next
Next
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & indent & " }" & vbCrlf
Case Else
' 0 is empty anyway, more is too complicated to print, just leave it for now
End Select
End If
ElseIf TypeName(obj) = "Nothing" Then
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & "Nothing (The Invalid Object)"
Else
' Object
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & "Object " & TypeName(obj)
'' Need to think about that... True for Err, but not for System.Dictionary
'' Seems Err is very special, and we should compare explicitly with internal/predifined Objects (Err, WScript)
'If varType(obj) <> vbObject Then
' hm, interresting...
' VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & " with default property (no analysis possible)"
' Exit Function
'End If
Dim TLI
Dim MemberInfo
Dim TypeInfo
Set TLI = CreateObject("TLI.TLIApplication")
VariableInfoToLevel = indent & "Object " & TypeName(obj)
On Error Resume Next
Err.Clear
Set TypeInfo = TLI.InterfaceInfoFromObject(obj)
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & "; Error " & Err.Number
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & ": " & Err.Description
Err.Clear
On Error Goto 0
Exit Function
End If
On Error Goto 0
For Each MemberInfo In TypeInfo.Members
Dim Desc
Dim printNextLevel : printNextLevel = vbFalse
Desc = ""
' based on .Net System.Runtime.IteropService.ComTypes
'' FIXME: Call by Value/Reference and settable seems to be switched some
'' InvokeKind seems to not encode value passing, rather settable/not settable
'' Needs more work to decode byValue/byReference
Select Case MemberInfo.InvokeKind
Case InvokeKindFunction
If MemberInfo.ReturnType.VarType <> 24 Then
Desc = " Function " & TypeNameFromVarType(MemberInfo.ReturnType.VarType)
Else
Desc = " Sub"
End If
Desc = Desc & " " & MemberInfo.Name
Dim ParameterList
ParameterList = Array()
Dim Parameter
For Each Parameter In MemberInfo.Parameters
ReDim Preserve parameterList(UBound(ParameterList) + 1)
ParameterList(Ubound(parameterList)) = Parameter.Name
Next
Desc = Desc & "(" & Join(ParameterList, ", ") & ")"
'Set parameters = Nothing
Case InvokeKindPropertyGet
Desc = " Data Member " & MemberInfo.Name
printNextLevel = vbTrue
Case InvokeKindPropertyPut
' Seems to be
Desc = " Property " & MemberInfo.Name & " [set by val"
If IsGettable(obj, MemberInfo.Name) Then
Desc = Desc & "/get"
printNextLevel = vbTrue
End If
Desc = Desc & "]"
'Stop
Case InvokeKindPropertyPutRef
'Stop
Desc = " Property " & MemberInfo.Name & " [set by ref"
If IsGettable(obj, MemberInfo.Name) Then
Desc = Desc & "/get"
printNextLevel = vbTrue
End If
Desc = Desc & "]"
'Stop
Case Else
Desc = " Unknown member, InvokeKind " & MemberInfo.InvokeKind
End Select
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & vbNewLine & _
indent & Desc
If printNextLevel And level < max_level Then
VariableInfoToLevel = VariableInfoToLevel & vbNewLine & _
VariableInfoToLevel(eval("obj." & MemberInfo.Name), level + 1, max_level)
End If
Next
Set TypeInfo = Nothing
Set TLI = Nothing
End If
End Function
Function IsGettable(obj, memberName)
Dim value
On Error Resume Next
Err.Clear
value = eval("obj." & memberName)
Stop
If Err.Number <> 0 And _
Err.Number <> 438 And _
Err.Number <> 450 Then
WScript.Echo Err.Number & ": " & Err.Description
End If
'438: Object doesn't support this property or method
'450: Wrong number of arguments or invalid property assignment
If Err.Number = 438 Or _
Err.Number = 450 Then
IsGettable = vbFalse
Else
IsGettable = vbTrue
End If
End Function
Function IsSimpleType(obj)
If (isEmpty(obj) Or isNull(obj)) And (Not IsObject(obj)) And (Not isArray(obj)) Then
IsSimpleType = vbTrue
Else
IsSimpleType = vbFalse
End If
End Function
' Decode Type Number to something readable
Function TypeNameFromVarType(typeNr)
Dim typeDetails
set typeDetails = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
typeDetails.add 0, "vbEmpty (uninitialized variable)"
typeDetails.add 1, "vbNull (value unknown)"
typeDetails.add 2, "vbInteger" ' Short?
typeDetails.add 3, "vbLong" ' Integer?
typeDetails.add 4, "vbSingle"
typeDetails.add 5, "vbDouble"
typeDetails.add 6, "vbCurrency"
typeDetails.add 7, "vbDate"
typeDetails.add 8, "vbString"
typeDetails.add 9, "vbObject"
typeDetails.add 10, "Exception"
typeDetails.add 11, "vbBoolean"
typeDetails.add 12, "vbVariant"
typeDetails.add 13, "DataObject"
typeDetails.add 14, "vbDecimal"
typeDetails.add 17, "vbByte"
typeDetails.add 18, "vbChar"
typeDetails.add 19, "ULong"
typeDetails.add 20, "Long" ' realy Long?
typeDetails.add 24, "(void)"
typeDetails.add 36, "UserDefinedType"
If typeDetails.Exists(typeNr) Then
TypeNameFromVarType = typeDetails(typeNr)
ElseIf typeNr > 8192 Then
TypeNameFromVarType = "vbArray{" & TypeNameFromVarType(typeNr - 8192) & "}"
Else
typeNameFromVarType = "Unknown Type " & typeNr
End If
End Function
' Some nice example class to demonstrate all possible interfaces.
Class MyClass
Dim Name_
Dim Name2_
Dim Name3_
Dim Name4_
Dim dict
Private Sub Class_Initialize()
Name_ = "foo"
Name2_ = "bar"
Name3_ = "baz"
Name4_ = "spam"
Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
End Sub
Private Sub Class_Terminate()
Set dict = Nothing
End Sub
Public Property Get Name
Name = Name_
End Property
Public Property Let Name(ByVal Value)
Name_ = Value
End Property
Public Property Let Name2(ByRef Value)
Set Name2_ = Value
End Property
Public Property Get Name3
Name3 = Name3_
End Property
Public Property Set Name3(ByVal Value)
Set Name3_ = Value
End Property
Public Property Get Name4
Name4 = Name4_
End Property
Public Property Set Name4(ByRef Value)
Set Name4_ = Value
End Property
Sub TestSub()
WScript.Echo "Test"
End Sub
Sub TestFunc(message)
WScript.Echo "Test: " & message
End Sub
Sub TestFunc2(ByRef message)
WScript.Echo "Test: " & message
End Sub
Function Add(first, second)
Add = first + second
End Function
Function Substract(ByVal first, ByRef second)
Add = first - second
End Function
End Class
Sub testVariableInfo()
Dim variable
' vbEmpty
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(variable)
variable = Null
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(variable)
Set variable = Nothing
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(variable)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(Int(23))
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(cLng(23))
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(2147483647)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(5/4)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(4 * Atn(1)) ' Simplest way to pi, not all inverse functions like arcsin are defined.
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(3.4E38)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(CDbl(3.4E38))
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(cCur(20.123456))
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(now)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo("Some Text")
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(Err)
Dim MyObject
Set MyObject = new MyClass
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(MyObject)
Set MyObject = Nothing
Dim TestAEmpty()
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(TestAEmpty)
ReDim TestA1(17)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(TestA1)
Dim TestA2(3, 7)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(TestA2)
Dim TestA3
TestA3 = Array(4, 5, 6)
Wscript.Echo VariableInfo(TestA3)
Dim dict
Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
WScript.Echo VariableInfo(dict)
Set dict = Nothing
End Sub
testVariableInfo
有关Typelib接口的更多信息，请从Microsoft KB 文章 224331获取文档帮助文件
Matthew Curland 在网站上为他的书Advanced Visual Basic 6提供了下载，作为评估版本的不错的程序类型库编辑器 (EditTLBEval.exe)，以及相应的文档
尤其是在这种情况下，我真的很喜欢这句话如果你是一个拒绝承认 VB 普遍接受的局限性的 Visual Basic 开发人员，那么这本书绝对适合你。通过泰德帕蒂森。只需在这里用 VBScript 替换 VB。
VBWebProfi 给出了TLI 的提示，谢谢。不过，制定细节和编写代码需要几个小时的工作；-)
于 2017-06-09T13:55:14.620 回答
10
虽然这部分正确，但它不完整.... Google、GetObjectText_、Methods_ 和 Propeties_
引用的方法仅适用于通过 WbemScripting.SWbemLocator 对象连接到远程主机的 cimv2 命名空间时收集的对象。如果这个对象有能力在本地主机上工作，那对我来说是不明显的。
完成此操作后，您可以查询其中包含的任何类 [Win32_Services、Win32_Drives 等]，并使用对象上的 For-Next 循环询问结果集中的对象，如下所示...
For Each oProp in oObject.Properties_
'be careful here because some propeties may be an object or an array.
'so test for that here using "typename" or "vartype"
wScript.Echo oProp.Name & vbTab & oProp
Next
或者...
For Each oMethod in oObject.Methods_
wScript.Echo oProp.Name
Next
最后， ...
For Each oProp in oObject.Properties_
'This will display all of an objects properties
oProp.GetObjectText_
Next
于 2013-02-26T16:51:11.323 回答
1
如果您碰巧使用的是 HP UFT 或 QTP，请执行以下步骤：
1) 将任何版本的 MS Visual Studio 安装到您的笔记本电脑上。（不用担心许可，你不会运行 VS）
2) 重新启动计算机。
3) 启动 UFT 或 QTP，加载脚本并按 F11，（或在要检查的对象附近的任何代码处暂停）。
4) 将对象添加到 Watch 窗口。它可以是对象存储库对象或程序描述。
如果对象存在，则该对象现在将在 Watch 窗口中显示两个加号 (+)，可以展开以显示所有可用的方法和属性，以及可以展开的子对象。
于 2015-11-04T19:49:37.320 回答
1
使用 TLI。类TLI.TLIApplication(from tlbinf32.dll) 可以从它们的实例中检查各种 COM 对象。在 Excel 或其他支持脚本并具有能够添加引用的脚本编辑器的 Microsoft 产品中探索 TLI 库，然后添加tlbinf32.dll. 参考文献中的名称是“Typelib 信息”。
但请注意，该 DLL 不随 Windows 一起提供。
使用InterfaceInfoFromObject()VBScript 类的方法，或者尝试ClassInfoFromObject().
Option Explicit
Dim TLI
Dim MyObject
Dim TypeInfo
Dim MemberInfo
Set TLI = CreateObject("TLI.TLIApplication")
Set MyObject = New MyClass
Set TypeInfo = TLI.InterfaceInfoFromObject(MyObject)
For Each MemberInfo In TypeInfo.Members
WScript.Echo MemberInfo.Name
Next
Class MyClass
Dim Name_
Public Property Get Name
Name = Name_
End Property
Public Property Let Name(ByVal Value)
Name_ = Value
End Property
End Class
于 2016-07-05T16:16:48.617 回答
-3
试试这个 ...
For i = 0 To webElementCount-1 Step 1
innertextProp = myValue2(i).GetROProperty("innertext")
print i & innertextProp
print innertextProp
Next
于 2015-11-18T14:52:49.070 回答