我需要一个可以返回如下结果的选择：
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3'
我需要所有结果，即这包括带有'word2 word3 word1'或'word1 word3 word2'或三者的任何其他组合的字符串。
所有单词都必须在结果中。
问问题
3047188 次
15 回答
1194
相当慢，但包含任何单词的工作方法：
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word2%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word3%'
如果您需要所有单词都存在，请使用以下命令：
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word3%'
如果您想要更快的东西，您需要查看全文搜索，这对于每种数据库类型都是非常具体的。
于 2013-01-12T06:21:46.640 回答
115
请注意，如果您使用LIKE来确定一个字符串是否是另一个字符串的子字符串，则必须对搜索字符串中的模式匹配字符进行转义。
如果您的 SQL 方言支持CHARINDEX，则使用它会容易得多：
SELECT * FROM MyTable
WHERE CHARINDEX('word1', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word2', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word3', Column1) > 0
另外，请记住，这个和接受的答案中的方法仅涵盖子字符串匹配而不是单词匹配。因此，例如，字符串'word1word2word3'仍然匹配。
于 2014-09-05T00:21:17.883 回答
23
功能
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] ( @sep CHAR(1), @str VARCHAR(512) )
RETURNS TABLE AS
RETURN (
WITH Pieces(pn, start, stop) AS (
SELECT 1, 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str)
UNION ALL
SELECT pn + 1, stop + 1, CHARINDEX(@sep, @str, stop + 1)
FROM Pieces
WHERE stop > 0
)
SELECT
pn AS Id,
SUBSTRING(@str, start, CASE WHEN stop > 0 THEN stop - start ELSE 512 END) AS Data
FROM
Pieces
)
询问
DECLARE @FilterTable TABLE (Data VARCHAR(512))
INSERT INTO @FilterTable (Data)
SELECT DISTINCT S.Data
FROM fnSplit(' ', 'word1 word2 word3') S -- Contains words
SELECT DISTINCT
T.*
FROM
MyTable T
INNER JOIN @FilterTable F1 ON T.Column1 LIKE '%' + F1.Data + '%'
LEFT JOIN @FilterTable F2 ON T.Column1 NOT LIKE '%' + F2.Data + '%'
WHERE
F2.Data IS NULL
于 2014-12-30T18:23:56.537 回答
17
取而代之的是SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3'，在这些词之间添加 And，例如：
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 And word2 And word3'
有关详细信息，请参阅此处 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187787.aspx
更新
要选择短语，请使用双引号，例如：
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS '"Phrase one" And word2 And "Phrase Two"'
ps在使用包含关键字之前，您必须先在表格上启用全文搜索。有关更多详细信息，请参阅此处https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/search/get-started-with-full-text-search
于 2016-07-26T16:42:08.360 回答
12
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
Column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word3%'
更改OR为AND基于对问题的编辑。
于 2013-01-12T06:24:16.567 回答
7
如果您使用的是Oracle 数据库，那么您可以使用包含查询来实现此目的。包含查询比类似查询更快。
如果你需要所有的话
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 and word2 and word3', 1) > 0
如果您需要任何单词
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 or word2 or word3', 1) > 0
包含您的列上的CONTEXT类型的需要索引。
CREATE INDEX SEARCH_IDX ON MyTable(Column) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT
于 2015-06-29T12:15:40.650 回答
6
如果你只是想找到一个匹配。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR('word1 word2 word3',Column1)<>0
SQL 服务器：
CHARINDEX(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3', 1)<>0
获得完全匹配。示例(';a;ab;ac;',';b;')将无法匹配。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR(';word1;word2;word3;',';'||Column1||';')<>0
于 2015-11-11T20:32:49.360 回答
3
实现问题中提到的最简单的方法之一是将CONTAINS与 NEAR 或“~”一起使用。例如，以下查询将为我们提供特别包含 word1、word2 和 word3 的所有列。
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 NEAR word2 NEAR word3')
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 ~ word2 ~ word3')
此外，CONTAINSTABLE 根据“word1”、“word2”和“word3”的接近度返回每个文档的排名。例如，如果一个文档包含句子“The word1 is word2 and word3”，那么它的排名就会很高，因为这些词比其他文档中的词更接近。
我想补充的另一件事是，我们还可以使用proximity_term 来查找单词在列短语内的特定距离内的列。
于 2018-05-01T16:06:57.257 回答
1
最好的方法是在表中的列上创建全文索引并使用包含而不是 LIKE
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
contains(Column1 , N'word1' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word2' )
AND contains(Column1 , N'word3' )
于 2017-10-14T06:34:04.180 回答
1
为什么不改用“in”呢？
Select *
from table
where columnname in (word1, word2, word3)
于 2017-11-09T23:41:20.570 回答
0
理想情况下，如果使用的话，这应该在 sql server 全文搜索的帮助下完成。但是，如果由于某种原因您无法在您的数据库上工作，这里有一个性能密集型解决方案：-
-- table to search in
CREATE TABLE dbo.myTable
(
myTableId int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
code varchar(200) NOT NULL,
description varchar(200) NOT NULL -- this column contains the values we are going to search in
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
-- function to split space separated search string into individual words
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (@StringInput nvarchar(max),
@Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS @OutputTable TABLE (
id nvarchar(1000)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @String nvarchar(100);
WHILE LEN(@StringInput) > 0
BEGIN
SET @String = LEFT(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @StringInput) - 1, -1),
LEN(@StringInput)));
SET @StringInput = SUBSTRING(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX
(
@Delimiter, @StringInput
),
0
), LEN
(
@StringInput)
)
+ 1, LEN(@StringInput));
INSERT INTO @OutputTable (id)
VALUES (@String);
END;
RETURN;
END;
GO
-- this is the search script which can be optionally converted to a stored procedure /function
declare @search varchar(max) = 'infection upper acute genito'; -- enter your search string here
-- the searched string above should give rows containing the following
-- infection in upper side with acute genitointestinal tract
-- acute infection in upper teeth
-- acute genitointestinal pain
if (len(trim(@search)) = 0) -- if search string is empty, just return records ordered alphabetically
begin
select 1 as Priority ,myTableid, code, Description from myTable order by Description
return;
end
declare @splitTable Table(
wordRank int Identity(1,1), -- individual words are assinged priority order (in order of occurence/position)
word varchar(200)
)
declare @nonWordTable Table( -- table to trim out auxiliary verbs, prepositions etc. from the search
id varchar(200)
)
insert into @nonWordTable values
('of'),
('with'),
('at'),
('in'),
('for'),
('on'),
('by'),
('like'),
('up'),
('off'),
('near'),
('is'),
('are'),
(','),
(':'),
(';')
insert into @splitTable
select id from dbo.fnSplit(@search,' '); -- this function gives you a table with rows containing all the space separated words of the search like in this e.g., the output will be -
-- id
-------------
-- infection
-- upper
-- acute
-- genito
delete s from @splitTable s join @nonWordTable n on s.word = n.id; -- trimming out non-words here
declare @countOfSearchStrings int = (select count(word) from @splitTable); -- count of space separated words for search
declare @highestPriority int = POWER(@countOfSearchStrings,3);
with plainMatches as
(
select myTableid, @highestPriority as Priority from myTable where Description like @search -- exact matches have highest priority
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-1 as Priority from myTable where Description like @search + '%' -- then with something at the end
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-2 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search -- then with something at the beginning
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-3 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search + '%' -- then if the word falls somewhere in between
),
splitWordMatches as( -- give each searched word a rank based on its position in the searched string
-- and calculate its char index in the field to search
select myTable.myTableid, (@countOfSearchStrings - s.wordRank) as Priority, s.word,
wordIndex = CHARINDEX(s.word, myTable.Description) from myTable join @splitTable s on myTable.Description like '%'+ s.word + '%'
-- and not exists(select myTableid from plainMatches p where p.myTableId = myTable.myTableId) -- need not look into myTables that have already been found in plainmatches as they are highest ranked
-- this one takes a long time though, so commenting it, will have no impact on the result
),
matchingRowsWithAllWords as (
select myTableid, count(myTableid) as myTableCount from splitWordMatches group by(myTableid) having count(myTableid) = @countOfSearchStrings
)
, -- trim off the CTE here if you don't care about the ordering of words to be considered for priority
wordIndexRatings as( -- reverse the char indexes retrived above so that words occuring earlier have higher weightage
-- and then normalize them to sequential values
select s.myTableid, Priority, word, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by s.myTableid order by wordindex desc) as comparativeWordIndex
from splitWordMatches s join matchingRowsWithAllWords m on s.myTableId = m.myTableId
)
,
wordIndexSequenceRatings as ( -- need to do this to ensure that if the same set of words from search string is found in two rows,
-- their sequence in the field value is taken into account for higher priority
select w.myTableid, w.word, (w.Priority + w.comparativeWordIndex + coalesce(sequncedPriority ,0)) as Priority
from wordIndexRatings w left join
(
select w1.myTableid, w1.priority, w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex, count(w1.myTableid) as sequncedPriority
from wordIndexRatings w1 join wordIndexRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId and w1.Priority > w2.Priority and w1.comparativeWordIndex>w2.comparativeWordIndex
group by w1.myTableid, w1.priority,w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex
)
sequencedPriority on w.myTableId = sequencedPriority.myTableId and w.Priority = sequencedPriority.Priority
),
prioritizedSplitWordMatches as ( -- this calculates the cumulative priority for a field value
select w1.myTableId, sum(w1.Priority) as OverallPriority from wordIndexSequenceRatings w1 join wordIndexSequenceRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId
where w1.word <> w2.word group by w1.myTableid
),
completeSet as (
select myTableid, priority from plainMatches -- get plain matches which should be highest ranked
union
select myTableid, OverallPriority as priority from prioritizedSplitWordMatches -- get ranked split word matches (which are ordered based on word rank in search string and sequence)
),
maximizedCompleteSet as( -- set the priority of a field value = maximum priority for that field value
select myTableid, max(priority) as Priority from completeSet group by myTableId
)
select priority, myTable.myTableid , code, Description from maximizedCompleteSet m join myTable on m.myTableId = myTable.myTableId
order by Priority desc, Description -- order by priority desc to get highest rated items on top
--offset 0 rows fetch next 50 rows only -- optional paging
于 2019-02-13T12:17:07.483 回答
-1
尝试在 MS SQL Server 的全文索引中使用“tesarus 搜索”。如果您有数百万条记录，这比在搜索中使用“%”要好得多。tesarus 的内存消耗比其他的少。尝试搜索此功能:)
于 2017-03-31T02:35:13.537 回答
-2
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 Like "*word*"
column1这将显示包含部分值的所有记录word。
于 2016-12-27T08:02:54.260 回答
-2
DECLARE @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
SET @SearchStr = ' '
CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar', 'int', 'decimal')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
)
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #Results
EXEC
(
'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
)
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
DROP TABLE #Results
于 2018-03-05T10:41:00.907 回答
-8
select * from table where name regexp '^word[1-3]$'
或者
select * from table where name in ('word1','word2','word3')
于 2013-01-12T07:27:15.000 回答