我第一次尝试使用 Spring 注入。我肯定忘记了一些明显的东西,但我不知道它是什么。
在 src/main/java 下,我有一个包含 Hello、Animal、Cat 的包“示例”。
在 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 下,我有 web.xml 和 springapp-servlet.xml。
当我使用 Tomcat 部署我的应用程序时,我得到:
javax.servlet.ServletException: Error instantiating servlet class example.Hello
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
我缺少什么让注射起作用?
以下来源:
你好.java
package example;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class Hello extends HttpServlet {
private final Animal animal;
@Autowired
public Hello(final Animal animal) {
this.animal = animal;
}
@Override
protected void doGet(final HttpServletRequest req,
final HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write(animal.sound());
}
}
猫.java
package example;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class Cat implements Animal {
public String sound() {
return "Miaou";
}
}
动物.java
package example;
public interface Animal {
public String sound() ;
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/springapp-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>example.Hello</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Hello</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
springapp-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="example" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
我最初认为也许我的 springapp-servlet.xml 甚至没有被读取,但如果我在 web.xml 中的名称 springapp-servlet.xml 上打错字,我在部署时确实会收到错误,所以我显然有springapp-servlet.xml 的正确路径。它正在,但注射不起作用。
更新:
由于下面的答案,我在下面展示了对我有用的解决方案。除了 Hello 之外,所有代码都保持不变:
你好.java
public class Hello extends HttpServlet {
@Inject
private Animal animal;
@Override
public void init(final ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
super.init(config);
SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnServletContext(this,
config.getServletContext());
}
@Override
protected void doGet(final HttpServletRequest req,
final HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write(animal.sound());
}
}