python - 使 python configobj 在 '=' 前后不加空格

Question

简单的问题。是否可以使 configobj 在配置条目中的“=”前后不放置空格？

我正在使用 configobj 来读取和写入稍后由 bash 脚本处理的文件，因此放置一个类似的antry：

变量 = “价值”

破坏 bash 脚本，它必须始终是：

变量="值"

或者，如果有人对如何使用这种条目（和限制）读写文件有其他建议也可以。

谢谢

Answer 1

我正在通过更改第 1980 行来查看相同并修改过的configobj.py ：

def _write_line(self, indent_string, entry, this_entry, comment)

从：

self._a_to_u(' = ')

到：

self._a_to_u('=')

更改后的输出没有等号前后的空格。

Answer 2

Configobj 用于读取和写入 ini 样式的配置文件。您显然正在尝试使用它来编写 bash 脚本。这不太可能奏效。

只需像您希望的那样编写 bash 脚本，也许使用模板或其他东西。

要使 ConfigParses 不写周围的空格，=可能需要您对其进行子类化。我猜你必须修改 write 方法，但只有阅读代码才能提供帮助。:-)

Answer 3

好吧，正如建议的那样，我最终为此编写了自己的解析器，它的使用方式与 ConfigObj 完全相同：

config = MyConfigParser("configuration_file")
print config["CONFIG_OPTION_1"]  
config["CONFIG_OPTION_1"]= "Value 1"
print config["CONFIG_OPTION_1
config.write()

如果有人感兴趣或想提供建议，这是代码（不久前我开始用 python 编码，所以可能有很大的改进空间）。它尊重文件中选项的注释和顺序，并在需要时正确地转义并添加双引号：

import os
import sys

class MyConfigParser:
  name = 'MyConfigParser'
  debug = False
  fileName = None
  fileContents = None
  configOptions = dict()  

  def __init__(self, fileName, debug=False):
    self.fileName = fileName
    self.debug = debug    
    self._open()

  def _open(self):       
    try:
        with open(self.fileName, 'r') as file:
    for line in file:
      #If it isn't a comment get the variable and value and put it on a dict
      if not line.startswith("#") and len(line) > 1:
    (key, val) = line.rstrip('\n').split('=')
    val = val.strip()
    val = val.strip('\"')
    val = val.strip('\'')
    self.configOptions[key.strip()] = val
except:
  print "ERROR: File "  + self.fileName + " Not Found\n"

  def write(self):
try:
  #Write the file contents
  with open(self.fileName, 'r+') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()
    #Truncate file so we don't need to close it and open it again 
    #for writing
    file.seek(0)
    file.truncate()      

    i = 0
    #Loop through the file to change with new values in dict      
    for line in lines:    
      if not line.startswith("#") and len(line) > 1:
    (key, val) = line.rstrip('\n').split('=')
    try:
      if key in line:
        newVal = self.configOptions[key]
        #Only update if the variable value has changed
        if val != newVal:
          newLine = key + "=\"" + newVal + "\"\n"
          line = newLine
    except:
      continue
      i +=1
      file.write(line)
except IOError as e:
  print "ERROR opening file " + self.fileName + ": " + e.strerror + "\n"


  #Redefinition of __getitem__ and __setitem__

  def __getitem__(self, key):  
try:
  return self.configOptions.__getitem__(key)
except KeyError as e:
  if isinstance(key,int):
    keys = self.configOptions.keys()
    return self.configOptions[keys[key]]
  else:
    raise KeyError("Key " +key+ " doesn't exist")

  def __setitem__(self,key,value):
self.configOptions[key] = value

Answer 4

如上所述，可以通过对 _write_line 方法进行小的更改来删除等号两侧的空格。这可以通过继承 ConfigObj 并覆盖 _write_line 来方便地完成，如下所示 -

from configobj import ConfigObj

class MyConfigObj(ConfigObj):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        ConfigObj.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def _write_line(self, indent_string, entry, this_entry, comment):
        """Write an individual line, for the write method"""
            # NOTE: the calls to self._quote here handles non-StringType values.
        if not self.unrepr:
            val = self._decode_element(self._quote(this_entry))
        else:
            val = repr(this_entry)

        return '%s%s%s%s%s' % (indent_string,
                           self._decode_element(self._quote(entry, multiline=False)),
                           self._a_to_u('='),
                           val,
                           self._decode_element(comment))

然后只需使用 MyConfigObj 代替 ConfigObj 并维护 ConfigObj 的所有功能

Answer 5

正如 Lennart 建议的那样，configobj 可能不是适合这项工作的工具：怎么样：

>>> import pipes
>>> def dict2bash(d):
...     for k, v in d.iteritems():
...         print "%s=%s" % (k, pipes.quote(v))
...         
>>> dict2bash({'foo': "bar baz quux"})
foo='bar baz quux'

由于 configobj 返回的东西看起来很像 dict，您可能仍然可以使用它来读取您尝试处理的数据。

Answer 6

首先，感谢胡安乔。这就是我一直在寻找的。但我稍微编辑了 ConfigParser。现在它可以处理以下形式的 bash 脚本数组：

# Network interfaces to be configured
ifaces=( "eth0" "eth1" "eth2" "eth3" )

如果你设置一个值，它只是证明一个值是否是一个列表，如果它正确设置了引号。所以你可以用同样的方式设置值，即使它是一个列表：

ifaces = ['eth0', 'eth1', 'eth2', 'eth3']
conf['ifaces'] = ifaces

这是代码：

import os
import sys

class MyConfigParser:
    name = 'MyConfigParser'
    debug = False
    fileName = None
    fileContents = None
    configOptions = dict()  
    qouteOptions = dict()

    def __init__(self, fileName, debug=False):
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.debug = debug    
        self._open()

    def _open(self):       
        try:
            with open(self.fileName, 'r') as file:
                for line in file:
                    #If it isn't a comment get the variable and value and put it on a dict
                    if not line.startswith("#") and len(line) > 1:
                        (key, val) = line.rstrip('\n').split('=')
                        val = val.strip()
                        val = val.strip('\"')
                        val = val.strip('\'')
                        self.configOptions[key.strip()] = val
                        if val.startswith("("):
                            self.qouteOptions[key.strip()] = ''
                        else:
                            self.qouteOptions[key.strip()] = '\"'
        except:
            print "ERROR: File "  + self.fileName + " Not Found\n"

    def write(self):
        try:
            #Write the file contents
            with open(self.fileName, 'r+') as file:
                lines = file.readlines()
                #Truncate file so we don't need to close it and open it again 
                #for writing
                file.seek(0)
                file.truncate()      

                #Loop through the file to change with new values in dict      
                for line in lines:
                    if not line.startswith("#") and len(line) > 1:
                        (key, val) = line.rstrip('\n').split('=')
                        try:
                            if key in line:
                                quotes = self.qouteOptions[key]

                                newVal = quotes +  self.configOptions[key] + quotes

                                #Only update if the variable value has changed
                                if val != newVal:
                                    newLine = key + "=" + newVal + "\n"
                                    line = newLine
                        except:
                            continue
                    file.write(line)
        except IOError as e:
                print "ERROR opening file " + self.fileName + ": " + e.strerror + "\n"


    #Redefinition of __getitem__ and __setitem__

    def __getitem__(self, key):  
        try:
            return self.configOptions.__getitem__(key)
        except KeyError as e:
            if isinstance(key,int):
                keys = self.configOptions.keys()
                return self.configOptions[keys[key]]
            else:
                raise KeyError("Key " + key + " doesn't exist")

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance(value, list):
            self.qouteOptions[key] = ''
            value_list = '('
            for item in value:
                value_list += ' \"' + item + '\"'
            value_list += ' )'
            self.configOptions[key] = value_list
        else:
            self.qouteOptions[key] = '\"'
            self.configOptions[key] = value