13

我正在编写一些使用 ApacheHttpClient版本4.2.2来访问 RESTful 3rd 方 API 的 Java 代码。此 API 具有利用HTTP GET、POST和. 需要注意的是，我使用的是 4.xx 版本而不是 3.xx，因为 API 从 3 到 4 发生了很大变化。我发现的所有相关示例都是针对 3.xx 版本的。PUTDELETE

所有 API 调用都要求您提供api_key作为参数（无论您使用哪种方法）。这意味着无论我是在进行 GET、POST 还是其他方式，我都需要提供此api_key信息以便调用对服务器端进行身份验证。

// Have to figure out a way to get this into my HttpClient call,
// regardless of whether I'm using: HttpGet, HttpPost, HttpPut
// or HttpDelete...
String api_key = "blah-whatever-my-unique-api-key";

因此，我试图弄清楚如何提供HttpClient与api_key我的请求方法无关的方法（这又取决于我尝试使用的 RESTful API 方法）。它看起来HttpGet甚至不支持参数的概念，并且HttpPost使用了一个叫做HttpParams; 但是这些HttpParams似乎只存在于 3.xx 版本的HttpClient.

所以我问：将我的api_key字符串附加/添加到所有四个的正确 v4.2.2 方法是什么：

  • HttpGet
  • HttpPost
  • HttpPut
  • HttpDelete

提前致谢。

4

3 回答 3

31

您可以使用URIBuilder类为所有 HTTP 方法构建请求 URI。URI builder 提供setParameter方法来设置参数。

URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder();
builder.setScheme("http").setHost("www.google.com").setPath("/search")
    .setParameter("q", "httpclient")
    .setParameter("btnG", "Google Search")
    .setParameter("aq", "f")
    .setParameter("oq", "");
URI uri = builder.build();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(uri);
System.out.println(httpget.getURI());

输出应该是

http://www.google.com/search?q=httpclient&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=
于 2012-12-27T03:49:42.903 回答
5

如果您想传递一些 http 参数并发送 json 请求，也可以使用这种方法：

（注意：我添加了一些额外的代码，以防它帮助任何其他未来的读者，并且导入来自 org.apache.http 客户端库）

public void postJsonWithHttpParams() throws URISyntaxException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException {

    //add the http parameters you wish to pass
    List<NameValuePair> postParameters = new ArrayList<>();
    postParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param1", "param1_value"));
    postParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param2", "param2_value"));

    //Build the server URI together with the parameters you wish to pass
    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder("http://google.ug");
    uriBuilder.addParameters(postParameters);

    HttpPost postRequest = new HttpPost(uriBuilder.build());
    postRequest.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

    //this is your JSON string you are sending as a request
    String yourJsonString = "{\"str1\":\"a value\",\"str2\":\"another value\"} ";

    //pass the json string request in the entity
    HttpEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(yourJsonString.getBytes("UTF-8"));
    postRequest.setEntity(entity);

    //create a socketfactory in order to use an http connection manager
    PlainConnectionSocketFactory plainSocketFactory = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
    Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> connSocketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
            .register("http", plainSocketFactory)
            .build();

    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(connSocketFactoryRegistry);

    connManager.setMaxTotal(20);
    connManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);

    RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
            .setSocketTimeout(HttpClientPool.connTimeout)
            .setConnectTimeout(HttpClientPool.connTimeout)
            .setConnectionRequestTimeout(HttpClientPool.readTimeout)
            .build();

    // Build the http client.
    CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
            .setConnectionManager(connManager)
            .setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
            .build();

    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(postRequest);

    //Read the response
    String responseString = "";

    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    String message = response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase();

    HttpEntity responseHttpEntity = response.getEntity();

    InputStream content = responseHttpEntity.getContent();

    BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
    String line;

    while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
        responseString += line;
    }

    //release all resources held by the responseHttpEntity
    EntityUtils.consume(responseHttpEntity);

    //close the stream
    response.close();

    // Close the connection manager.
    connManager.close();
}
于 2016-06-15T10:15:34.170 回答
1

这里很重要的一点是明确地说出你必须使用的 apache 的包，因为有不同的方法来实现一个 get 请求。

例如，您可以使用Apache Commons或HttpComponents。在这个例子中，我将使用HttpComponents (org.apache.http.*)

请求类：

package request;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import Task;

public void sendRequest(Task task) throws URISyntaxException {

    URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder();
    uriBuilder.setScheme("http")
            .setHost("localhost")
            .setPort(8080)
            .setPath("/TesteHttpRequest/TesteDoLucas")
            .addParameter("className", task.getClassName())
            .addParameter("dateExecutionBegin", task.getDateExecutionBegin())
            .addParameter("dateExecutionEnd", task.getDateExecutionEnd())
            .addParameter("lastDateExecution", task.getDateLastExecution())
            .addParameter("numberExecutions", Integer.toString(task.getNumberExecutions()))
            .addParameter("idTask", Integer.toString(task.getIdTask()))
            .addParameter("numberExecutions" , Integer.toString(task.getNumberExecutions()));
    URI uri = uriBuilder.build();

    HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(uri);

    CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

    try {
        response = httpclient.execute(getMethod);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        //handle this IOException properly in the future
    } catch (Exception e) {
        //handle this IOException properly in the future
    }
}

我正在使用 Tomcat v7.0 服务器，然后上面的类接收一个任务并将其发送到链接http://localhost:8080/TesteHttpRequest/TesteDoLucas中的特定 servlet 。

我的动态 Web 项目名为TesteHttpRequest，我的 servlet 由 url /TesteDoLucas 参与

任务类：

package bean;

public class Task {

    private int idTask;
    private String taskDescription;
    private String dateExecutionBegin;
    private String dateExecutionEnd;
    private String dateLastExecution;
    private int numberExecutions;
    private String className;

    public int getIdTask() {
        return idTask;
    }

    public void setIdTask(int idTask) {
        this.idTask = idTask;
    }

    public String getTaskDescription() {
        return taskDescription;
    }

    public void setTaskDescription(String taskDescription) {
        this.taskDescription = taskDescription;
    }

    public String getDateExecutionBegin() {
        return dateExecutionBegin;
    }

    public void setDateExecutionBegin(String dateExecutionBegin) {
        this.dateExecutionBegin = dateExecutionBegin;
    }

    public String getDateExecutionEnd() {
        return dateExecutionEnd;
    }

    public void setDateExecutionEnd(String dateExecutionEnd) {
        this.dateExecutionEnd = dateExecutionEnd;
    }

    public String getDateLastExecution() {
        return dateLastExecution;
    }

    public void setDateLastExecution(String dateLastExecution) {
        this.dateLastExecution = dateLastExecution;
    }

    public int getNumberExecutions() {
        return numberExecutions;
    }

    public void setNumberExecutions(int numberExecutions) {
        this.numberExecutions = numberExecutions;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }

    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }
}

小服务程序类：

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/TesteDoLucas")
public class TesteHttpRequestServlet extends HttpServlet {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String query = request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println(query);
     }

     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse   response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
        }
    }

发送的查询参数将显示在控制台。

className=java.util.Objects%3B&dateExecutionBegin=2016%2F04%2F07+22%3A22%3A22&dateExecutionEnd=2016%2F04%2F07+06%3A06%3A06&lastDateExecution=2016%2F04%2F07+11%3A11%3A11&numberExecutions=10&idTask=1 10

要修复编码，您可以查看此处：HttpServletRequest UTF-8 Encoding

于 2016-04-08T19:12:34.077 回答