我正在研究 Michael Hartl 的 ruby on rails 教程http://ruby.railstutorial.org/ruby-on-rails-tutorial-book#sec-development_tools。
我安装了 Git，将我的操作系统更新到 10.8.2 并下载了 XCode 4.5.2。
当我输入
rvm install 1.9.3
这么长的东西出现了...
Ruby (and needed base gems) for your selection will be installed shortly.
Before it happens, please read and execute the instructions below.
Please use a separate terminal to execute any additional commands.
Notes for Mac OS X 10.8.2, Xcode 4.5.2.
For JRuby: Install the JDK. See http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ # Current Java version "1.6.0_26"
For IronRuby: Install Mono >= 2.6
For Ruby 1.9.3: Install libksba # If using Homebrew, 'brew install libksba'
For Opal: Install Nodejs with NPM. See http://nodejs.org/download/
To use an RVM installed Ruby as default, instead of the system ruby:
rvm install 1.8.7 # installs patch 357: closest supported version
rvm system ; rvm gemset export system.gems ; rvm 1.8.7 ; rvm gemset import system.gems # migrate your gems
rvm alias create default 1.8.7
And reopen your terminal windows.
Xcode and gcc:
Right now Ruby requires gcc to compile, but Xcode 4.2 and later no longer ship with gcc. Instead they ship with llvm-gcc (to which gcc is a symlink) and clang, neither of which are supported for building Ruby. Xcode 4.1 was the last version to ship gcc, which was /usr/bin/gcc-4.2.
Xcode 4.1 and earlier:
- Ruby will build fine.
Xcode 4.2 and later (including Command Line Tools for Xcode):
- If you have gcc-4.2 (and friends) from an earlier Xcode version, Ruby will build fine.
- If you don't have gcc-4.2, you have two options to get it:
* Install apple-gcc42 from Homebrew
* Install osx-gcc-installer
Homebrew:
If you are using Homebrew, you can install the apple-gcc42 and required libraries from homebrew/dupes:
brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupes
brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
rvm pkg install openssl
Xcode 4.2+ install or/and Command Line Tools for Xcode is required to provide make and other tools.
osx-gcc-installer:
If you don't use Homebrew, you can download and install osx-gcc-installer: https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer.
Warning: Installing osx-gcc-installer on top of a recent Xcode is known to cause problems, so you must uninstall Xcode before installing osx-gcc-installer. Afterwards you may install Xcode 4.2+ or Command Line Tools for Xcode if you desire.
** NOTE: Currently, Node.js is having issues building with osx-gcc-installer. The only fix is to install Xcode over osx-gcc-installer.
Press 'q' to continue.
~
(END)
最初我不得不自制和
brew install libksba
但我已经这样做了，而且效果很好。这会导致“Xcode 和 gcc：”以及它下面的所有内容。
所以，我有自制软件，以下三个命令有效：
brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupes
brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
但是当我尝试
rvm pkg install openssl
这就是发生的事情
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log
Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:
rvm reinstall all --force
Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log
这就是当我尝试它所说的时会发生的事情......
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ rvm reinstall all --force
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$
其他一些信息...
我没有在 adamzerner 下看到 .rvm 文件夹，所以我无法阅读它告诉我的内容（不是说我会理解我将要阅读的内容）。
看来我安装了 1.8.7：
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2012-02-08 patchlevel 358) [universal-darwin12.0]
所以......总结......当我尝试跑步时
rvm install 1.9.3
我得到 gcc/Xcode 问题。为了解决这个问题，它说要从 Homebrew 下载 apple-gcc42。当我这样做时，我会在做之后遇到问题
rvm pkg install openssl
问题是我需要重新安装所有红宝石。当我这样做时：
rvm reinstall all --force
似乎什么也没发生。
提前感谢任何愿意帮助我解决这个问题的人！
编辑：我之前忘了说这个。对于上面的“长事”，当我按 q 继续时，会发生这种情况......
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
https://rvm.io/binaries/osx/10.8/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p327.tar.bz2 - #configure
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #download
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extract
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #validate
Libraries missing for ruby-1.9.3-p327: env. Refer to your system manual for installing libraries
Mounting remote ruby failed, trying to compile.
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting yaml to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4
Configuring yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running './configure --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/configure.log
Compiling yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/make.log
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracted to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327 (already extracted)
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #configuring
Error running './configure --enable-shared --disable-install-doc --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 --with-opt-dir=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/configure.log
There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.
编辑：当我按照 github 链接 OliverAtkinson 发布时会发生什么
Last login: Wed Dec 26 15:55:12 on ttys000
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew update
Updated Homebrew from 751a0d6e to c67c126c.
==> New Formulae
ume
==> Updated Formulae
akka global markdown ruby slrn
basex gnuplot mu ruby-build ttytter
casperjs gradle qt shiboken vice
cassandra groonga qt5 shocco wine
discount jenkins rakudo-star signing-party xvid
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew tap homebrew/dupes
Error: Already tapped!
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
Error: autoconf-2.69 already installed
Error: automake-1.12.6 already installed
Error: apple-gcc42-4.2.1-5666.3 already installed
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew remove autoconf automake apple-gcc42
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69...
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6...
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/apple-gcc42/4.2.1-5666.3...
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ brew install autoconf automake apple-gcc42
==> Downloading http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/autoconf/autoconf-2.69.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/autoconf-2.69.tar.gz
==> Patching
patching file bin/autoreconf.in
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69
==> make install
/usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69: 69 files, 2.0M, built in 13 seconds
==> Downloading http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/automake/automake-1.12.6.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/automake-1.12.6.tar.gz
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6
==> make install
/usr/local/Cellar/automake/1.12.6: 130 files, 2.1M, built in 16 seconds
==> Downloading http://r.research.att.com/tools/gcc-42-5666.3-darwin11.pkg
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/apple-gcc42-4.2.1-5666.3.pkg
==> Caveats
NOTE:
This formula provides components that were removed from XCode in the 4.2
release. There is no reason to install this formula if you are using a
version of XCode prior to 4.2.
This formula contains compilers built from Apple's GCC sources, build
5666.3, available from:
http://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/gcc
All compilers have a `-4.2` suffix. A GFortran compiler is also included.
==> Summary
/usr/local/Cellar/apple-gcc42/4.2.1-5666.3: 104 files, 75M, built in 5 seconds
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ rvm pkg install openssl
Fetching openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting openssl to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c
Configuring openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Compiling openssl in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/openssl-1.0.1c.
Error running 'make', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl/make.log
Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies:
rvm reinstall all --force
Updating openssl certificates
Error running 'update_openssl_certs', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/openssl.certs.log
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc-4.2 rvm reinstall 1.9.3 --patch falcon --force-autoconf -j 3
Removing /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327...
/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 has already been removed.
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/archives
Extracting yaml to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4
Configuring yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running './configure --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/configure.log
Compiling yaml in /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Error running 'make -j3', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/yaml/make.log
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p327, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p327 to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #extracted to /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p327
Applying patch /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.9.3/p327/falcon.diff
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #autoreconf-f
ruby-1.9.3-p327 - #configuring
Error running './configure --enable-shared --disable-install-doc --prefix=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p327 --with-opt-dir=/Users/adamzerner/.rvm/usr', please read /Users/adamzerner/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p327/configure.log
There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$ ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2012-02-08 patchlevel 358) [universal-darwin12.0]
Adam-Zerners-MacBook-Pro:~ adamzerner$