Knuth-Morris-Pratt(KMP 算法)被认为是在字符串(嗯,技术上不是字符串而是字节数组)中查找子字符串的最快算法。
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace KMPSearch
{
public class KMPSearch
{
public static int NORESULT = -1;
private string _needle;
private string _haystack;
private int[] _jumpTable;
public KMPSearch(string haystack, string needle)
{
Haystack = haystack;
Needle = needle;
}
public void ComputeJumpTable()
{
//Fix if we are looking for just one character...
if (Needle.Length == 1)
{
JumpTable = new int[1] { -1 };
}
else
{
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
int i = 2;
int k = 0;
JumpTable = new int[needleLength];
JumpTable[0] = -1;
JumpTable[1] = 0;
while (i <= needleLength)
{
if (i == needleLength)
{
JumpTable[needleLength - 1] = k;
}
else if (Needle[k] == Needle[i])
{
k++;
JumpTable[i] = k;
}
else if (k > 0)
{
JumpTable[i - 1] = k;
k = 0;
}
i++;
}
}
}
public int[] MatchAll()
{
List<int> matches = new List<int>();
int offset = 0;
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
int m = Match(offset);
while (m != NORESULT)
{
matches.Add(m);
offset = m + needleLength;
m = Match(offset);
}
return matches.ToArray();
}
public int Match()
{
return Match(0);
}
public int Match(int offset)
{
ComputeJumpTable();
int haystackLength = Haystack.Length;
int needleLength = Needle.Length;
if ((offset >= haystackLength) || (needleLength > ( haystackLength - offset)))
return NORESULT;
int haystackIndex = offset;
int needleIndex = 0;
while (haystackIndex < haystackLength)
{
if (needleIndex >= needleLength)
return haystackIndex;
if (haystackIndex + needleIndex >= haystackLength)
return NORESULT;
if (Haystack[haystackIndex + needleIndex] == Needle[needleIndex])
{
needleIndex++;
}
else
{
//Naive solution
haystackIndex += needleIndex;
//Go back
if (needleIndex > 1)
{
//Index of the last matching character is needleIndex - 1!
haystackIndex -= JumpTable[needleIndex - 1];
needleIndex = JumpTable[needleIndex - 1];
}
else
haystackIndex -= JumpTable[needleIndex];
}
}
return NORESULT;
}
public string Needle
{
get { return _needle; }
set { _needle = value; }
}
public string Haystack
{
get { return _haystack; }
set { _haystack = value; }
}
public int[] JumpTable
{
get { return _jumpTable; }
set { _jumpTable = value; }
}
}
}
用法 :-
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Reflection;
namespace KMPSearch
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length != 2)
{
Console.WriteLine("Usage: " + Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()[0] + " haystack needle");
}
else
{
KMPSearch search = new KMPSearch(args[0], args[1]);
int[] matches = search.MatchAll();
foreach (int i in matches)
Console.WriteLine("Match found at position " + i+1);
}
}
}
}