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我有一段代码集成了 Hibernate 3.3.2.GA 和 Spring 2.5.x 并且这些版本很旧，所以我决定升级。我首先将 Spring 升级到了最新的可用版本 3.2.0.RELEASE，这很有效。实际上，最新 Spring 版本的工作项目可以使用svn co https://perfectjpattern.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/perfectjpattern/trunk perfectjpattern. 尝试升级到 Hibernate 4 我得到了一个不同的 Spring bean 行为，这让我无法理解，它显然与 Hibernate 4 无关。

失败的 bean 配置如下。使用 Hibernate 3 的完整工作配置在这里（我没有使用 Hibernate 4 ofc 签入失败的配置）：

<bean id="localDaoFactory" class="org.perfectjpattern.jee.integration.dao.LocalDaoFactory"  
    factory-method="getInstance">
    <property name="sessionStrategy">
        <ref bean="daoSessionStrategy" />
    </property>     
    <property name="transactionStrategy">
        <ref bean="daoTransactionStrategy" />
    </property>         
    <property name="personDao">
        <ref bean="personDao" />
    </property>     
</bean>

并且异常的堆栈跟踪如下所示，这意味着它无法初始化org.perfectjpattern.jee.integration.dao.LocalDaoFactory，并且在寻找可访问的构造函数时显然失败了但在此配置中我指定使用工厂方法而不是直接实例化 bean。这在升级 Hibernate 之前有效，但在同一 Spring（最新）版本之后和之后都无效，这非常令人困惑。

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:53)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:123)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:104)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:164)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:110)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.invokeProvider(SurefireStarter.java:175)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.runSuitesInProcessWhenForked(SurefireStarter.java:107)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:68)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'localDaoFactory' defined in URL [file:src/test/resources/test-applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.perfectjpattern.jee.integration.dao.LocalDaoFactory
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:581)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1029)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:925)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:490)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:607)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:106)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:57)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
        ... 30 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.perfectjpattern.jee.integration.dao.LocalDaoFactory
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:160)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:570)
        ... 47 more

更新：在加载 Spring 配置时，Spring 找不到该类LocalDaoFactory，但它之前确实...

更新：这是运行的结果，mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose没有未解决的冲突

[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.1:tree (default-cli) @ perfectjpattern-spring ---
[INFO] perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-spring:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-api:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] +- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  +- (org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:compile - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.1:test
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  |  +- (aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  +- (org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  |  \- (org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] |  \- (org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.2.0.RELEASE:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO] +- perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-testcommon:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:test
[INFO] |  +- junit:junit:jar:4.8.1:test
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.7.2:test
[INFO] |  |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.2:test
[INFO] |  |  \- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.17:test
[INFO] |  \- org.easymock:easymock:jar:2.5.2:test
[INFO] +- org.hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:2.2.9:test
[INFO] \- perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-hibernate:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:test
[INFO]    +- perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-jee:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:test
[INFO]    |  +- perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-core:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:test
[INFO]    |  |  +- (perfectjpattern:perfectjpattern-api:jar:1.0.3-SNAPSHOT:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO]    |  |  +- (org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.2:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO]    |  |  \- (commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.5:test - omitted for duplicate)
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-ejb_3.0_spec:jar:1.0.1:test
[INFO]    |  +- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-jpa_3.0_spec:jar:1.1.1:test
[INFO]    |  \- org.apache.geronimo.specs:geronimo-jta_1.1_spec:jar:1.1.1:test
[INFO]    +- javassist:javassist:jar:3.8.0.GA:test
[INFO]    +- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.1:test
[INFO]    \- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.1.9.Final:test
[INFO]       +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:test
[INFO]       +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.0.GA:test
[INFO]       +- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.17.1-GA:test
[INFO]       +- org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction:jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec:jar:1.0.0.Final:test
[INFO]       +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:test
[INFO]       +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.0-api:jar:1.0.1.Final:test
[INFO]       \- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.1.Final:test
[INFO]          \- (org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.0.CR2:test - omitted for conflict with 3.1.0.GA)
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1 回答 1

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该消息Could not initialize class org.perfectjpattern.jee.integration.dao.LocalDaoFactory意味着 JVM 无法静态初始化具有此名称的类。

我查看了这个类及其超类HibernateDaoFactory和AbstractDaoFactory的源代码。LocalDaoFactory 和 HibernateDaoFactory 完成的唯一静态初始化是创建每个类的单个实例并将其存储在private static final名为INSTANCE. 所以，实例化这些单例肯定有问题。

LocalDaoFactory 没有自己的构造函数，AbstractDaoFactory 的构造函数只使用标准的 Java 类和与它在同一个包中的类。HibernateDaoFactory 的构造函数更有趣，因为它创建了一个HibernateCurrentSessionStrategy和一个HibernateConfiguredTransactionStrategy。代码本身看起来并不是特别有问题，因此该代码尝试实例化的某些类似乎丢失了。

我可以在 PerfectJPattern 之外的代码上看到的唯一依赖项是：

  • 休眠核心，
  • 阿帕奇公共朗。

我将假设您确实拥有相关的 Hibernate 核心 JAR，因此将责任归咎于 Apache Commons Lang。

Apache Commons Lang 网站提到，commons-lang 版本 3 使用与早期版本的 commons-lang 不同的包。鉴于您的项目在升级到 Hibernate 4 之前工作并且现在不起作用，我猜测升级到 Hibernate 4 会用 commons-lang 3 或更高版本替换 commons-lang 2.6 或更早版本，问题出现是因为 PerfectJPattern 有对 commons-lang 2 的依赖。

编辑：看起来您的项目确实包含 commons-lang v2.5，所以没有它似乎不是问题。NoClassDefFoundErrorwith 消息意味着 JVM至少两次Could not initialize class ...尝试加载该类但失败-如果您可以在第一次失败时获取异常消息，那可能会帮助您更多。恐怕我真正建议的只是在已设置为中断异常的调试器下启动您的项目。

于 2012-12-22T15:18:45.753 回答