4

问题的简短版本

我寻求关于是否使用./*this 与->/this 的建议,即C++ (*this).chained().methods() 与this->chained()->methods()。

顺便说一句,目前我看到的大多数页面都推荐[[C++ (*this).chained().methods()]]。

我只是想知道,因为你做不到

My_Class object.chained().methods();

(顺便说一句,我没有测试第一节中的示例。我在第二节中提供了测试示例。)

你必须做

My_Class 对象;
object.chained().methods();

这是一个烦人的额外行

或者你可以做

 My_Class object = My_Class().object.chained().methods();

这需要一个值副本 - 如果构造函数有副作用,例如注册对象实例,则不可接受 - 就像许多旋钮库一样

或者你可以做

 My_Class* object_ptr = *(new My_Class).object.chained().methods();

这有效,但需要烦人的 *(ptr)

或者你可以做

 My_Class* object_ptr = (new My_Class)->object.chained()->methods();

这有点好。

我想你可以做到

My_Class& object_ref(My_Class().chained().methods());

我不确定我对此有何看法。

顺便说一句,我在这里不需要调试帮助。
我一直在编写这样的代码,我提供示例只是为了清楚起见。

我正在寻求风格建议,因为有几种编码方式,而且我使用了不同的库,它们以相反的方式完成。

混合它们很丑:

  My_Object_with_Setters* object_ptr2 = &((new My_Object_with_Setters)->set_R1(1).set_P1(2)->set_R1(3))

 My_Object().method_returning_ptr()->method_returning_ref();

也许它不是那么糟糕......但它肯定会令人困惑。

当我遇到使用混合 .chained()->methods() 的两个不同库的代码时,我有时希望能够拥有后缀地址和取消引用运算符

My_Object* mptr = My_Object() .method_returning_ptr() -> method_returning_ref ->&

更完整的例子

设置器函数

我最常将此习语与 setter 函数一起使用

class My_Object_with_Setters {
public:
  static int count;
  int value;
public:
  My_Object_with_Setters() {
    ++count;
    value = 0;
  }
public:
  std::ostream& print_to_stream(std::ostream& ostr) const {
    ostr << "(" << this->count << "," << this->value << ")";
    return ostr;
  }
  friend std::ostream&
  operator<< (
    std::ostream& ostr,
    const My_Object_with_Setters& obj ) {
    return obj.print_to_stream(ostr);
  }

public:
  My_Object_with_Setters& set_R1(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_R1: " << *this << "\n";
    return *this;
  }
  My_Object_with_Setters& set_R2(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_R2: " << *this << "\n";
    return *this;
  }
public:
  My_Object_with_Setters* set_P1(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_P1: " << *this << "\n";
    return this;
  }
  My_Object_with_Setters* set_P2(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_P2: " << *this << "\n";
    return this;
  }
public:
  My_Object_with_Setters set_V1(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_V1: " << *this << "\n";
    My_Object_with_Setters retval;
    retval = *this;     // kluge to force new object
    return retval;
  }
  My_Object_with_Setters set_V2(int val) {
    this->value = val;
    std::cout << "set_V2: " << *this << "\n";
    My_Object_with_Setters retval;
    retval = *this;     // kluge to force new object
    return retval;
  }
};

int My_Object_with_Setters::count = 0;  // clas static, distinguishes instances

void test_My_Object_with_Setters()
{
  std::cout << "cascading ref, ref, copy, copy, ref, ref\n";
  My_Object_with_Setters object;
  object.set_R1(1).set_R2(2).set_V1(11).set_V2(12).set_R1(101).set_R2(102);

  std::cout << "cascading ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr\n";
  My_Object_with_Setters* object_ptr = (new My_Object_with_Setters)->set_P1(1)->set_P2(2)->set_P1(11)->set_P2(12);

  std::cout << "cascading &address-of, ptr, ptr\n";
  (&object)->set_P1(1)->set_P2(2);

  std::cout << "cascading new ptr ref ptr ref\n";
  My_Object_with_Setters* object_ptr2 = &(*(new My_Object_with_Setters)->set_R1(1).set_P1(2)).set_R1(3);

}

测试输出:

cascading ref, ref, copy, copy, ref, ref
set_R1: (1,1)
set_R2: (1,2)
set_V1: (1,11)
set_V2: (2,12)
set_R1: (3,101)
set_R2: (3,102)
cascading ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr
set_P1: (4,1)
set_P2: (4,2)
set_P1: (4,11)
set_P2: (4,12)
cascading &address-of, ptr, ptr
set_P1: (4,1)
set_P2: (4,2)
cascading new ptr ref ptr ref
set_R1: (5,1)
set_P1: (5,2)
set_R1: (5,3)

通用示例

class My_Object {
public:
  static int count;
public:
  My_Object() {
    ++count;
  }
public:
  My_Object& method1_returning_ref_to_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method1_returning_ref_to_current_object\n";
    return *this;
  }
  My_Object& method2_returning_ref_to_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method2_returning_ref_to_current_object\n";
    return *this;
  }
public:
  My_Object* method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object\n";
    return this;
  }
  My_Object* method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object\n";
    return this;
  }
public:
  My_Object method1_returning_value_copy_of_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method1_returning_value_copy_of_current_object\n";
    My_Object retval;
    return retval;
  }
  My_Object method2_returning_value_copy_of_current_object() {
    std::cout << count << ": method2_returning_value_copy_of_current_object\n";
    My_Object retval;
    return *this;
  }
};

int My_Object::count = 0;   // clas static, distinguishes instances

void test_My_Object()
{
  std::cout << "cascading ref, ref, copy, copy, ref, ref\n";
  My_Object object;
  object
   .method1_returning_ref_to_current_object()
   .method2_returning_ref_to_current_object()
   .method1_returning_value_copy_of_current_object()
   .method2_returning_value_copy_of_current_object()
   .method1_returning_ref_to_current_object()
   .method2_returning_ref_to_current_object()
   ;

  std::cout << "cascading ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr\n";
  My_Object* object_ptr = new My_Object;
  object_ptr
   ->method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ->method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ->method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ->method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ;

  std::cout << "cascading &address-of, ptr, ptr\n";
  (&object)
   ->method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ->method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object()
   ;

  std::cout << "cascading new ptr ref ptr ref\n";
  My_Object* object_ptr2
   = (&(*(new My_Object)
    ->method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object())
    .method2_returning_ref_to_current_object())
   ;

}

测试输出

cascading ref, ref, copy, copy, ref, ref
1: method1_returning_ref_to_current_object
1: method2_returning_ref_to_current_object
1: method1_returning_value_copy_of_current_object
2: method2_returning_value_copy_of_current_object
3: method1_returning_ref_to_current_object
3: method2_returning_ref_to_current_object
cascading ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr
4: method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object
4: method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object
4: method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object
4: method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object
cascading &address-of, ptr, ptr
4: method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object
4: method2_returning_ptr_to_current_object
cascading new ptr ref ptr ref
5: method1_returning_ptr_to_current_object
5: method2_returning_ref_to_current_object

顺便说一句,我在这里不需要调试帮助。我提供这些示例只是为了清楚起见。

我正在寻求风格建议。

4

2 回答 2

6

每个人都有自己的风格;正如你所说,只有当你开始混合它们时才会真正变得烦人。

就个人而言,我只从函数返回一个指针,如果它可能是 0;this永远不会是 0,所以我总是会返回*this(即引用)并因此与..

对于它的价值,我也非常努力地使默认构造函数变得便宜,部分原因是在很多情况下,首先默认构造然后分配是很方便的。

于 2013-01-18T22:55:05.270 回答
2

我能给出的最佳答案是“保持一致”。如果您的其余代码使用this->,请使用它。如果它使用(*this).,请使用它。

由于区别仅在于语法糖,因此您最好的指导是您使用的其他代码的作用。我认识的大多数人都更喜欢这种->语法,但如果你要集成到现有的库中,你可能想跳过它。

就个人而言,我会使用额外的初始化方法。它对我来说是最干净的,一行在堆栈上构造对象,其他行根据需要调用方法。如果您只需要这些方法并且它们不依赖于实际对象,我会将它们设为静态并一起跳过对象创建。

于 2012-12-20T05:35:53.013 回答