mysql - 与 MySQL 重叠的时间间隔

Question

我正在尝试创建具有多个资源的预订系统：Calendar#1 和 Calendar#2。日历本身不包含重叠范围。一个日历中的范围可以跨越另一个日历中的多个范围。

    Events on Calendar #1
        ID  startDate               endDate
        -----------------------------------------------
        1   2012-01-01 02:00:00     2012-01-01 03:00:00
        2   2012-01-01 05:00:00     2012-01-01 07:00:00
        3   2012-01-01 09:00:00     2012-01-01 11:00:00
        4   2012-01-01 16:00:00     2012-01-01 18:00:00
        5   2012-01-01 19:00:00     2012-01-01 22:00:00

        6   2012-02-02 10:00:00     2012-02-02 20:00:00

        7   2012-03-03 05:00:00     2012-03-03 07:00:00
        8   2012-03-03 09:00:00     2012-03-03 11:00:00
        9   2012-03-03 12:00:00     2012-03-03 14:00:00
        10  2012-03-03 15:00:00     2012-03-03 17:00:00
        11  2012-03-03 19:00:00     2012-03-03 21:00:00
        12  2012-03-03 22:00:00     2012-03-03 23:00:00

    Events on Calendar #2
        ID  startDate               endDate
        -----------------------------------------------
        1   2012-01-01 01:00:00     2012-01-01 04:00:00
        2   2012-01-01 06:00:00     2012-01-01 08:00:00
        3   2012-01-01 12:00:00     2012-01-01 14:00:00
        4   2012-01-01 15:00:00     2012-01-01 17:00:00
        5   2012-01-01 20:00:00     2012-01-01 21:00:00

        6   2012-02-02 05:00:00     2012-02-02 07:00:00
        7   2012-02-02 09:00:00     2012-02-02 11:00:00
        8   2012-02-02 12:00:00     2012-02-02 14:00:00
        9   2012-02-02 15:00:00     2012-02-02 17:00:00
        10  2012-02-02 19:00:00     2012-02-02 21:00:00
        11  2012-02-02 22:00:00     2012-02-02 23:00:00

        12  2012-03-03 10:00:00     2012-03-03 20:00:00


2012-01-01:
            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
    Cal#1         |--|     |-----|     |-----|              |-----|  |--------|
    Cal#2      |--------|     |-----|           |-----|  |-----|        |--|

2012-02-02:
            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
    Cal#1                                 |-----------------------------|
    Cal#2                  |-----|     |-----|  |-----|  |-----|     |-----|  |--|

2012-03-03:
            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
    Cal#1                  |-----|     |-----|  |-----|  |-----|     |-----|  |--|
    Cal#2                                 |-----------------------------|

a）如何在两个日历中找到间隔：

             startDate               endDate
             -----------------------------------------------
             2012-01-01 02:00:00     2012-01-01 03:00:00
             2012-01-01 06:00:00     2012-01-01 07:00:00
             2012-01-01 16:00:00     2012-01-01 17:00:00
             2012-01-01 20:00:00     2012-01-01 21:00:00

             2012-02-02 10:00:00     2012-02-02 11:00:00
             2012-02-02 12:00:00     2012-02-02 14:00:00
             2012-02-02 15:00:00     2012-02-02 17:00:00
             2012-02-02 19:00:00     2012-02-02 20:00:00

             2012-02-03 10:00:00     2012-02-03 11:00:00
             2012-02-03 12:00:00     2012-02-03 14:00:00
             2012-02-03 15:00:00     2012-02-03 17:00:00
             2012-02-03 19:00:00     2012-02-03 20:00:00

            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
01  Cal#1&2       |--|        |--|                          |--|        |--|
02  Cal#1&2                               |--|  |-----|  |-----|     |--|
03  Cal#1&2                               |--|  |-----|  |-----|     |--|

b）如何获得在 #1 但不在 #2 中找到的间隔：

             startDate               endDate
             -----------------------------------------------
             2012-01-01 05:00:00     2012-01-01 06:00:00
             2012-01-01 09:00:00     2012-01-01 11:00:00
             2012-01-01 17:00:00     2012-01-01 18:00:00
             2012-01-01 19:00:00     2012-01-01 20:00:00
             2012-01-01 21:00:00     2012-01-01 22:00:00

             2012-02-02 11:00:00     2012-02-02 12:00:00
             2012-02-02 14:00:00     2012-02-02 15:00:00
             2012-02-02 17:00:00     2012-02-02 19:00:00

             2012-03-03 05:00:00     2012-03-03 07:00:00
             2012-03-03 09:00:00     2012-03-03 10:00:00
             2012-03-03 20:00:00     2012-03-03 21:00:00
             2012-03-03 22:00:00     2012-03-03 23:00:00

            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
01  Cal#1-2                |--|        |-----|                 |--|  |--|  |--|
02  Cal#1-2                                  |--|     |--|     |-----| 
03  Cal#1-2                |-----|     |--|                             |--|  |--|

c）如何在日历/间隔范围内或之外的任何地方获取在 START 和 END 之间的任何日历中都找不到的间隔。

             startDate               endDate
             -----------------------------------------------
       START:2012-01-01 04:30:00     2012-01-01 05:00:00
             2012-01-01 08:00:00     2012-01-01 09:00:00
             2012-01-01 11:00:00     2012-01-01 12:00:00
             2012-01-01 14:00:00     2012-01-01 15:00:00
             2012-01-01 18:00:00     2012-01-01 19:00:00
             2012-01-01 22:00:00     2012-02-02 05:00:00
             2012-02-02 07:00:00     2012-02-02 09:00:00
             2012-02-02 21:00:00     2012-02-02 22:00:00
             2012-02-02 23:00:00     2012-03-03 05:00:00
             2012-03-03 07:00:00 END:2012-03-03 07:30:00

            0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3 
01  Cal-1-2              |-|        |--|     |--|     |--|        |--|        |------
02  Cal-1-2 ---------------|     |-----|                                   |--|  |---
03  Cal-1-2 ---------------|     |-END

score 1 · Accepted Answer

如何在两个日历中找到间隔：

SELECT GREATEST(Cal1.startDate, Cal2.startDate) AS startDate,
          LEAST(Cal1.endDate  , Cal2.endDate  ) AS   endDate
FROM   Cal1 JOIN Cal2
    ON Cal2.startDate BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
    OR Cal1.startDate BETWEEN Cal2.startDate AND Cal2.endDate

如何获得在 #1 但不在 #2 中找到的间隔：

  SELECT Cal1.startDate, Cal2.startDate AS endDate
  FROM   Cal1 JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal2.startDate BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
UNION ALL
  SELECT Cal2.endDate AS startDate, Cal1.endDate
  FROM   Cal1 JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal2.endDate   BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
UNION ALL
  SELECT Cal1.startDate, Cal1.endDate
  FROM   Cal1 LEFT JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal2.startDate BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
      OR Cal1.startDate BETWEEN Cal2.startDate AND Cal2.endDate
  WHERE  Cal2.ID IS NULL
ORDER BY startDate

如何在 START 和 END 之间的任何日历中都找不到间隔：

SELECT   starts.d AS startDate, MIN(ends.d) AS endDate
FROM (
  SELECT @start AS d
UNION
  SELECT Cal1.endDate
  FROM   Cal1 LEFT JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal1.endDate BETWEEN Cal2.startDate AND Cal2.endDate
  WHERE  Cal1.endDate BETWEEN @start AND @end
     AND Cal2.ID IS NULL
UNION
  SELECT Cal2.endDate
  FROM   Cal1 RIGHT JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal2.endDate BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
  WHERE  Cal2.endDate BETWEEN @start AND @end
     AND Cal1.ID IS NULL
) starts JOIN (
  SELECT @end AS d
UNION
  SELECT Cal1.startDate
  FROM   Cal1 LEFT JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal1.startDate BETWEEN Cal2.startDate AND Cal2.endDate
  WHERE  Cal1.startDate BETWEEN @start AND @end
     AND Cal2.ID IS NULL
UNION
  SELECT Cal2.startDate
  FROM   Cal1 RIGHT JOIN Cal2
      ON Cal2.startDate BETWEEN Cal1.startDate AND Cal1.endDate
  WHERE  Cal2.startDate BETWEEN @start AND @end
     AND Cal1.ID IS NULL
) ends ON starts.d < ends.d
GROUP BY startDate

在sqlfiddle上查看它们。

mysql - 与 MySQL 重叠的时间间隔

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