308

我正在使用 python3.3 并且在尝试腌制一个简单的字典时遇到了一个神秘的错误。

这是代码:

import os
import pickle
from pickle import *
os.chdir('c:/Python26/progfiles/')

def storvars(vdict):      
    f = open('varstor.txt','w')
    pickle.dump(vdict,f,)
    f.close()
    return

mydict = {'name':'john','gender':'male','age':'45'}
storvars(mydict)

我得到:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Python26/test18.py", line 31, in <module>
    storvars(mydict)
  File "C:/Python26/test18.py", line 14, in storvars
    pickle.dump(vdict,f,)
TypeError: must be str, not bytes
4

3 回答 3

502

输出文件需要以二进制模式打开:

f = open('varstor.txt','w')

需要是:

f = open('varstor.txt','wb')
于 2012-12-16T23:56:24.917 回答
42

只是有同样的问题。在 Python 3 中,必须指定二进制模式“wb”、“rb”,而在 Python 2x 中,不需要它们。当您学习基于 Python 2x 的教程时,这就是您在这里的原因。

import pickle

class MyUser(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

user = MyUser('Peter')

print("Before serialization: ")
print(user.name)
print("------------")
serialized = pickle.dumps(user)
filename = 'serialized.native'

with open(filename,'wb') as file_object:
    file_object.write(serialized)

with open(filename,'rb') as file_object:
    raw_data = file_object.read()

deserialized = pickle.loads(raw_data)


print("Loading from serialized file: ")
user2 = deserialized
print(user2.name)
print("------------")
于 2018-06-09T16:47:54.630 回答
1

pickle 使用二进制协议,因此只接受二进制文件。正如文档在第一句话中所说,“pickle 模块实现了用于序列化和反序列化的二进制协议”。

于 2021-11-16T01:32:53.560 回答