c# - xml 序列化和继承类型

Question

我收到错误“{”类型 Device1 不是预期的。使用 XmlInclude 或 SoapInclude 属性指定静态未知的类型。"}"

目前我有：

public abstract class Device
{
   ..
} 

public class Device1 : Device
{ ... }

[Serializable()]
public class DeviceCollection : CollectionBase
{ ... }

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Devices")]
public class XMLDevicesContainer
{
    private DeviceCollection _deviceElement = new DeviceCollection();

    /// <summary>Devices device collection xml element.</summary>
    [XmlArrayItem("Device", typeof(Device))]
    [XmlArray("Devices")]
    public DeviceCollection Devices
    {
        get
        {
            return _deviceElement;
        }
        set
        {
            _deviceElement = value;
        }
    }
}

我正在做：

        XMLDevicesContainer devices = new XMLDevicesContainer();
        Device device = new Device1();

        device.DeviceName = "XXX";
        device.Password = "Password";

        devices.Devices.Add(device);
        Serializer.SaveAs<XMLDevicesContainer>(devices, @"c:\Devices.xml", new Type[] { typeof(Device1) });

序列化程序会：

   public static void Serialize<T>(T obj, XmlWriter writer, Type[] extraTypes)
    {
        XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T), extraTypes);
        xs.Serialize(writer, obj);
    }

我在序列化程序方法（xs.Serialize）的最后一行出现错误：“{”类型Device1不是预期的。使用 XmlInclude 或 SoapInclude 属性指定静态未知的类型。"}"

我试图在 Device 类上编写 XmlInclude。没有帮助。如果我换行

    [XmlArrayItem("Device", typeof(Device))] 

成为

     [XmlArrayItem("Device", typeof(Device1))]

然后它可以工作，但我想编写多种设备类型的数组。

Answer 1

您必须为希望在 XMLDevicesContainer 类上可用的每个子类添加 XmlIncludeAttribute。

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Devices")]
[XMLInclude(typeof(Device1))]
[XMLInclude(typeof(Device2))]
public class XMLDevicesContainer
{
:
}

Answer 2

声明XmlSerializer如下：

XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(obj), extraTypes);

我之前实现的 WCF Web 服务也有同样的问题。我有(object obj)一个参数，我声明了我的XmlSerializerlike new XmlSerializer(typeof(object))，这是静态未知的。改变它来new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType())解决它。