如评论中所述，首先看一下BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT（和朋友）：
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <string>
struct Data
{
std::string firstMember;
std::string secondMember;
std::string thirdMember;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
Data,
(std::string, firstMember)
(std::string, secondMember)
(std::string, thirdMember)
)
这会将您的Data结构转换为 Fusion 可用的序列：
#include <boost/fusion/include/at_c.hpp>
int main()
{
Data d = { "firstData", "secondData", "thirdData" };
std::cout << boost::fusion::at_c<0>(d) << std::endl;
}
这打印"firstData"。更改索引以按顺序引用成员。
在那里，现在我们可以在编译时使用数字来引用成员。但你想要一个名字。评论中还指出，处理字符串是一种运行时功能......几乎。C++11 给了我们constexpr.
这有点棘手，但最终它看起来像这样：
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/cat.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/repetition/repeat.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/seq.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/tuple/elem.hpp>
#include <stdexcept>
// and repeat for BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_TPL_STRUCT, etc...
#define REFLECT_STRUCT(NAME, ATTRIBUTES) \
REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL(NAME, \
ATTRIBUTES, \
BOOST_PP_SEQ_POP_FRONT( \
BOOST_PP_CAT( \
/* warning: uses fusion implementation details: */ \
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT_FILLER_0(0,0)ATTRIBUTES, \
_END))) \
#define REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL(NAME, ATTRIBUTES, WRAPPEDATTRIBUTES) \
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(NAME, ATTRIBUTES) \
\
namespace detail \
{ \
namespace BOOST_PP_CAT(reflect_, NAME) \
{ \
template <int N> \
struct member_name; \
\
BOOST_PP_SEQ_FOR_EACH_I(REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME, \
BOOST_PP_EMPTY, \
WRAPPEDATTRIBUTES) \
\
template <int N> \
constexpr bool member_match_index(const std::size_t index, \
const char* const str, \
const std::size_t len) \
{ \
return index == len || \
(member_name<N>::value()[index] == str[index] \
&& member_match_index<N>(index + 1, str, len)); \
} \
\
template <int N> \
constexpr bool member_match(const char* const str, \
const std::size_t len) \
{ \
return len == member_name<N>::value_length \
&& member_match_index<N>(0, str, len); \
} \
\
constexpr int find_member(const char* const str, \
const std::size_t len) \
{ \
return BOOST_PP_REPEAT(BOOST_PP_SEQ_SIZE(WRAPPEDATTRIBUTES), \
REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME_TEST, \
BOOST_PP_EMPTY) \
throw std::runtime_error("could not find " \
BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE(NAME) \
" member"); \
} \
} \
} \
\
constexpr int BOOST_PP_CAT(indexof_, NAME)(const char* const str, \
const std::size_t len) \
{ \
return detail::BOOST_PP_CAT(reflect_, NAME)::find_member(str, len); \
} \
\
template <std::size_t N> \
constexpr int BOOST_PP_CAT(indexof_, NAME)(const char (&str)[N]) \
{ \
return detail::BOOST_PP_CAT(reflect_, NAME)::find_member(&str[0], N); \
}
#define REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_EXTRACT_NAME(pair) \
BOOST_PP_STRINGIZE(BOOST_PP_TUPLE_ELEM(1, pair))
#define REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME(r, data, n, elem) \
REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME_DETAIL(n, REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_EXTRACT_NAME(elem))
#define REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME_DETAIL(n, name) \
template <> \
struct member_name<n> \
{ \
static constexpr std::size_t value_length = sizeof(name); \
typedef const char value_type[value_length]; \
\
static constexpr const value_type& value() \
{ \
return name; \
} \
};
#define REFLECT_STRUCT_DETAIL_MEMBER_NAME_TEST(z, n, text) \
member_match<n>(str, len) ? n :
它看起来很吓人，但如果你花时间把它拆开，它是可读的。
我们必须引入我们自己的宏来提供对成员名称的常量表达式访问；大多数丑陋来自处理 Boost.Preprocessor 列表。尽管 Fusion 在改编过程中也会记录名称（请参阅 参考资料boost::fusion::extension::struct_member_name），但遗憾的是，它们没有被标记为constexpr对我们不可用。
这给出了：
#include <boost/fusion/include/at_c.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
struct Data
{
std::string firstMember;
std::string secondMember;
std::string thirdMember;
};
REFLECT_STRUCT(
Data,
(std::string, firstMember)
(std::string, secondMember)
(std::string, thirdMember)
)
// your desired code:
// (note the use of at_c ensures this is evaluated at comple-time)
#define GETMEMBER(data, member) boost::fusion::at_c<indexof_Data(member)>(data)
int main()
{
Data d = { "firstData", "secondData", "thirdData" };
std::cout << boost::fusion::at_c<indexof_Data("firstMember")>(d) << std::endl;
std::cout << GETMEMBER(d, "secondMember") << std::endl;
std::cout << GETMEMBER(d, "thirdMember") << std::endl;
/* causes error: std::cout << GETMEMBER(d, "nonexistent_member") << std::endl; */
}
我认为这与您所追求的很接近。
但请记住，这可能并非都是必需的：Boost.Fusion 可能已经拥有您需要的东西。它位于纯编译时的东西（Boost.MPL）和常规的运行时的东西之间；调整你的结构，你已经可以做一些事情，比如迭代它（boost::fusion::for_each）。