我正在做一个项目，并被我认为是范围和逻辑问题所困扰。我正在创建一个名为“Person”的类，其中包含四个字符串变量、姓氏、名字、最喜欢的颜色和性别。我正在创建第二个名为“PersonList”的类，其中一个变量是“Person”对象的数组。我设置了一个名为 MAX 的 const int 来确定数组的大小（当前为 3）。最终，我想将“Person”对象的字符串变量输入到 main 中声明的“newDude”对象中。例如，当“readNewPerson”函数运行时，我输入 Doe、John、Blue、Male。这一步有效！
接下来，我希望将这个“newDude”复制到主地址 dudesList[0] 中声明的“dudesList”对象中，并再次运行“readNewPerson”函数。如果一切正常，我认为应该将 Smith、Jane、Pink、Female 复制到 dudesList[1]，而 Johnson、Mike、Green、Male 应该复制到 dudesList[2]。最后，我想将所有三个对象都打印到控制台。
我在“addPersonToList”和“printList”函数中的“for”循环中的某个地方出错了，我的变量没有正确迭代。我的猜测是，由于我在函数内部声明了计数器“i”，因此每次创建“newDude”时它都会死亡并重置为零。如果我对此是正确的，那么声明计数器的最佳位置在哪里，我应该何时迭代它？
我非常感谢任何人可以提供的任何反馈，我当然不希望任何人为我做任务。在这一点上，我可以在正确的方向上稍微推动一下，因为我对应该是一个非常简单的任务感到非常沮丧，至少在概念上是这样。
到目前为止，这是我的程序：
// contact list with one-word strings only
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 3;
class Person
{
private:
string dudesLName;
string dudesFName;
string dudesColor;
string dudesGender;
public:
void readNewPerson (); // function declaration to ask for info
void printPerson (); //function declaration to display info to console
};
class PersonList
{
private:
Person dudesList [MAX];
public:
void addPersonToList (Person newDude); //function declaration to add my newDude to the dudesList array
void printList (); //function declaration to print the entire array
};
//the main function is a simple switch-case asking for user choices
int main (void)
{
Person newDude; //one object contains 4 simple string variables
PersonList List; //one object contains an array of [MAX] dudes
int userChoice; //integer for the user's choice in switch-case
cout << "~~Welcome to Stephen's Contact List~~" << endl;
cout << "Please enter your choice:" << endl;
cout << " 1 - enter " << MAX << " new people" << endl;
cout << " 2 - print the contact list" << endl;
cout << " 3 - retrieve by last name" << endl;
cout << " 4 - retrieve by address" << endl;
cout << " 5 - retrieve by gender" << endl;
cin >> userChoice;
switch (userChoice)
{
case 1:
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
newDude.readNewPerson (); //function call to enter one person's info
List.addPersonToList (newDude); //function call to add newDude to dudesList array
}
break;
case 2:
cout << "2 doesn't work yet" << endl;
List.printList (); //function call to print entire list
break;
case 3:
cout << "3 doesn't work yet" << endl;
break;
case 4:
cout << "4 doesn't work yet" << endl;
break;
case 5:
cout << "5 doesn't work yet" << endl;
break;
}
cout << "thanks dude!!" << endl;
return 0;
}
// function definitions
void Person::readNewPerson ()
{
cout << "enter a dude's last name please" << endl;
cin >> dudesLName;
cout << "enter a dude's first name please" << endl;
cin >> dudesFName;
cout << "enter a dude's favorite color please" << endl;
cout << "for test purposes, just enter one word" << endl;
cin >> dudesColor;
cout << "enter a dude's gender please" << endl;
cout << "male or female is fine, so is dude or dudette" << endl;
cin >> dudesGender;
return;
}
void Person::printPerson ()
{
cout << "dude's name is " << dudesLName << ", " << dudesFName << endl;
cout << "his (her?) favorite color is: " << endl;
cout << dudesColor << endl;
cout << "and his (her?) gender is: " << endl;
cout << dudesGender << endl << endl;
return;
}
void PersonList::addPersonToList (Person newDude)
{
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++) //supposed to iterate the array address as it adds Person objects to the array
dudesList [i] = newDude; //this is where the newDude object is copied to the array
return;
}
void PersonList::printList()
{
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
dudesList [i].printPerson ();
return;
}