2

通常嵌套结构可以访问拥有的类publicprotected成员public函数。protected从嵌套结构中调用基类的成员函数也没有问题,即以下代码编译并正常工作:

#include <iostream>

class Base
{
public:
    Base()
    {}

protected:
    void baseProtectedFunc()
    {
        std::cout << __func__ << "Called for Base\n";
    }
};

class Derived : public Base
{
public:
    explicit Derived() : Base()
    {}

    void accessBaseProtectedFuncFromNested()
    {
        Nested myNested( this );
        myNested();
    }

private:
    struct Nested
    {
        explicit Nested( Derived* ptr ) : derived_( ptr ) 
        {}

        void operator()()
        {
            derived_->baseProtectedFunc();
        }

        Derived* derived_;
    };
};

int main( int, char** )
{
    Derived myDerived;
    myDerived.accessBaseProtectedFuncFromNested();
    return 0;
}

现在,考虑以下代码,用于mpl::inherit_linearly生成派生的基类,使用mpl::vector类型:

#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>

#include <boost/mpl/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/mpl/inherit.hpp>
#include <boost/mpl/inherit_linearly.hpp>
#include <boost/mpl/for_each.hpp>

template<typename T>
class Base
{
public:
    Base()
    {}

protected:
    void baseProtectedFunc()
    {
        std::cout << __func__ << "Called for Base< " << typeid(T).name() << " >\n";
    }
};

typedef boost::mpl::vector< long
    , unsigned
    , bool
    , std::string
    > parameter_type_list_t;

typedef boost::mpl::inherit_linearly< parameter_type_list_t
                  , boost::mpl::inherit< boost::mpl::_1
                                       , Base< boost::mpl::_2 > > 
                  >::type base_types;

class Derived : public base_types
{
public:
    explicit Derived() : base_types()
    {}

    template<typename T>
    void accessBaseProtectedFuncFromNested()
    {
        Nested myNested( this );

        myNested.someFunc<T>();
    }

private:
    struct Nested
    {
        explicit Nested( Derived* ptr ) : derived_( ptr ) 
        {}

        template< typename T >
        void someFunc()
        {
            Base<T>* base = static_cast<Base<T>*>( derived_ );
            base->baseProtectedFunc();
        }

        Derived* derived_;
    };
};

int main( int, char** )
{
    Derived myDerived;
    myDerived.accessBaseProtectedFuncFromNested<unsigned>();

    return 0;
}

使用 GCC 版本 4.4.6-3(在 c++03 和 c++0x 模式下)会生成以下错误:

friend-prot.cpp: In member function ‘void Derived::Nested::someFunc() [with T = unsigned int]’:
friend-prot.cpp:47:   instantiated from ‘void Derived::accessBaseProtectedFuncFromNested() [with T = unsigned int]’
friend-prot.cpp:82:   instantiated from here
friend-prot.cpp:17: error: ‘void Base<T>::baseProtectedFunc() [with T = unsigned int]’ is protected
friend-prot.cpp:72: error: within this context

如果我创建函数,我试图调用public代码编译并按预期工作。

我可以通过private向派生添加一个额外的成员函数来解决这个问题,它只是转发来自嵌套的调用,即:

struct Nested
{
    explicit Nested( Derived* ptr ) : derived_( ptr ) 
    {}

    template< typename T >
    void operator()()
    {
        derived_->forwarder<T>();
    }

    Derived* derived_;
}; 


template< typename T >
void forwarder()
{
    Base<T>::baseProtectedFunc();
}

我不明白为什么在使用时baseProtectedFunc()我不能打电话。protectedmpl::inherit

为什么我可以在第一个示例中调用基类受保护函数,而不是在第二个示例中?

4

1 回答 1

1

你会发现如果你把转发函数写成

template <typename T>
void forwarder()
{
    Base<T>* base = static_cast<Base<T>*>( derived_ );
    base->baseProtectedFunc();
}

baseProtectedFunc问题是对基指针的强制转换使编译器模糊了使用指定指针从当前上下文中实际可访问的事实。由于这是模糊的,编译器必须假设不允许通过该指针进行访问。

由于您在转发函数中使用的语法也可以在嵌套类中使用,因此解决方案相当简单优雅:

struct Nested
{
    explicit Nested( Derived* ptr ) : derived_( ptr ) 
    {}

    template< typename T >
    void someFunc()
    {
        derived_->Base<T>::baseProtectedFunc(); /* <-- Changed */
    }

    Derived* derived_;
};
于 2012-11-29T12:38:59.723 回答