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我有一个文本文件,其中包含行星及其相应的卫星/卫星以及它们的轨道半径和周期,我想用它来创建quickdraw类似于下面的动画:

太阳系动画

文本文件如下:

RootObject: Sun

Object: Sun
Satellites: Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris
Radius: 20890260
Orbital Radius: 0

Object: Miranda
Orbital Radius: 5822550
Radius: 23500
Period: 1.413

Object: Ariel
Orbital Radius: 8595000
Radius: 60000
Period: 2.520379

Object: Umbriel
Orbital Radius: 11983500
Radius: 60000
Period: 4.144177

Object: Titania
Orbital Radius: 19575000
Radius: 75000
Period: 8.7058

Object: Oberon
Orbital Radius: 26235000
Radius: 75000
Period: 13.463

Object: Uranus
Orbital Radius: 453572956
Radius: 2555900
Period: 30799
Satellites: Puck,Miranda,Ariel,Umbriel,Titania,Oberon

Object: Neptune
Orbital Radius: 550000000
Radius: 2476400
Period: 60190
Satellites: Triton

Object: Triton
Orbital Radius: 40000000
Radius: 135300
Period: -5.8

Object: Mercury
Orbital Radius: 38001200
Period: 87.9691
Radius: 243900.7

Object: Venus
Orbital Radius: 57477000
Period: 224.698
Radius: 605100.8

Object: Earth
Orbital Radius: 77098290
Period: 365.256363004
Radius: 637100.0
Satellites: Moon

Object: Moon
Orbital Radius: 18128500
Radius: 173700.10
Period: 27.321582

Object: Mars
Orbital Radius: 106669000
Period: 686.971
Radius: 339600.2
Satellites: Phobos,Deimos

Object: Phobos
Orbital Radius: 3623500.6
Radius: 200000
Period: 0.31891023

Object: Deimos
Orbital Radius: 8346000
Period: 1.26244
Radius: 200000.2

Object: Jupiter
Orbital Radius: 210573600
Period: 4332.59
Radius: 7149200
Satellites: Io,Europa,Ganymede,Callisto

Object: Ceres
Orbital Radius: 130995855
Period: 1679.67
Radius: 48700

Object: Io
Orbital Radius: 22000000
Period: 1.7691377186
Radius: 182100.3

Object: Europa
Orbital Radius: 36486200
Period: 3.551181
Radius: 156000.8

Object: Ganymede
Orbital Radius: 47160000
Period: 7.15455296
Radius: 263400

Object: Callisto
Orbital Radius: 69700000
Period: 16.6890184
Radius: 241000

Object: Saturn
Orbital Radius: 353572956
Period: 10759.22
Radius: 6026800
Satellites: Mimas,Enceladus,Tethys,Dione,Rhea,Titan,Iapetus

Object: Mimas
Orbital Radius: 8433396
Radius: 20600
Period: 0.9

Object: Enceladus
Orbital Radius: 10706000
Radius: 25000
Period: 1.4

Object: Tethys
Orbital Radius: 13706000
Radius: 50000
Period: 1.9

Object: Dione
Orbital Radius: 17106000
Radius: 56000
Period: 2.7

Object: Rhea
Orbital Radius: 24000000
Radius: 75000
Period: 4.5

Object: Titan
Orbital Radius: 50706000
Radius: 257600
Period: 15.945

Object: Iapetus
Radius: 75000
Orbital Radius: 72285891
Period: 79

我已将我的原始代码(更长的可笑)更改为更短的代码:(感谢 sudo_O 提供的所有出色帮助

file = open("data1.txt","r")

def data(file):
    d = {}
    for line in file:
        if line.strip() != '':
            key,value = line.split(":")
            if key == 'RootObject':
                continue
            if key == 'Object':                
                obj = value.strip()
                d[obj]={}
            else:
                d[obj][key] = value.strip()
    return d

planets = data(file)

print(planets)

我最大的问题是我不知道如何编写从文件中导入数据并利用它recursion来创建类似于所示动画的代码。我一直被告知解决方案非常简单,代码实际上非常短,但我不知道该怎么做,这实际上非常令人沮丧。

这是我绕着一个圆运行的圆的代码,但它似乎太复杂了......

import math

print("circle",400,300,50)

print("flush false")

centreX=400
centreY=300
radius=100
angle=math.pi/2

while True:
    print("color 0 0 0")
    print("clear")
    print("color 255 0 255")
    print("circle",centreX,centreY,radius)
    childX=math.sin(angle)*radius*1.5+centreX
    childY=math.cos(angle)*radius*1.5+centreY
    print("circle",childX,childY,radius/2)
    print("refresh")
    angle+=0.01

规模代码:

scale=250/max([dict[planets]["Orbital Radius"] for x in dict if "Orbital Radius" in dict[planets]])

环绕行星的代码:

print("flush false")
scale=250/max([dict[planets]["Orbital Radius"] for x in dict if "Orbital Radius" in dict[planets]])
t=0
x=400
y=300
while True:
    print("refresh")
    print("colour 0 0 0")
    print("clear")
    print("colour 255 255 255")
    print("fillcircle",x,y,dict['Sun']['Radius']*scale)
    print("text ", "\"Sun\"",x+dict['Sun']['Radius']*scale,y)
    r_earth=dict['Earth']['Orbital Radius']*scale;
    print("circle",x,y,r_earth)
    r_X=x+math.sin(t*2*math.pi/dict['Earth']['Period'])*r_earth
    r_Y=y+math.cos(t*2*math.pi/dict['Earth']['Period'])*r_earth
    print("fillcircle",r_X,r_Y,dict['Earth']['Radius']*scale)
    print("text ", "\"Earth\"",r_X+dict['Earth']['Radius']*scale,r_Y)
    t+=0.02

这段代码不能很好地工作,但是作为一个初学者,我在这个问题上处于我的极限......

最后的努力!!这行得通吗?

print("flush false")
scale = 250/max([dict[planets]["Orbital Radius"] for x in dict if "Orbital Radius" in dict[planets]])
t = 0
x = 400
y = 300
print("fillcircle",400,300,dict['Sun']['Radius']*scale)
print("text ", "\"Sun\"",x+dict['Sun']['Radius']*scale,y)


while True:
    r_new = dict['Object']['Orbital Radius']*scale
    print("circle",x,y,r_new)
    r_X = x + math.sin(t*2*math.pi/dict['Object']['Period'])*r_new
    r_Y = y + math.cos(t*2*math.pi/dict['Object']['Period'])*r_new
    print("fillcircle",r_X,r_Y,dict['Object']['Radius']*scale)
    print("text ",Object,r_X+dict['Object']['Radius']*scale,r_Y)
    t += 0.02
    if planets['Object']['Satellites'] = 0
        return
    else:
        r_sat = dict['Object']['Satellites']['Orbital Radius']*scale
        print("circle",x,y,r_sat)
        r_satX = x + math.sin(t*2*math.pi/dict['Object']['Satellites']['Period'])*r_sat
        r_satY = y + math.cos(t*2*math.pi/dict['Object']['Satellites']['Period'])*r_sat
        print("fillcircle",r_satX,r_satY,dict['Object']['Satellites']['Radius']*scale)
        print("text ",['Object']['Satellites'],r_satX+dict['Object']['Satellites']['Radius']*scale,r_satY)
        t += 0.02
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1 回答 1

3

第一个问题递归- 递归函数是一个调用自身的函数!一个简单的例子是倒计时功能,例如:

def countdown(n):
    # counting down the recursive way! 
    if n > 0:
        print n
        countdown(n-1)
    else:
        return

调用countdown(10)将打印10, 9, 8,.., 2, 1

您可以看到它countdown传递了一个数字n,它所做的只是打印该数字,然后调用它自己,但传递n-1了这个时间。只有n=0通过一次,它就没有任何事情要做,因此每个递归调用都会返回。对于您的词典案例(我们称其为词典库以避免混淆)recursive打印方法是:

  1. 将整个库传递给打印例程。
  2. 打印第一本词典。
  3. 递归调用自身并传递库减去第一个字典。
  4. 当图书馆没有更多要打印的词典时返回。

像这样的东西:

def recursive_print(dic):

    if len(dic) > 0:                  # If dictionaries in library > 0 
        print dic.keys()[0]           # Print the key i.e Earth
        print dic[dic.keys()[0]]      # Print the dictionary value for i.e Earth
        dic.popitem()                 # Remove the Earth dictionary from library
        recursive_print(dic)          # Recursive call 
    else:
        return                        # Printed all, return up the stack.


planets = data(file)
recursive_print(planets)

下一步将不是以当前格式打印字典,而是进行一些计算/转换,以便输出是有效quickdraw输入,就像您已经使用quickdraw.

您将需要担心比例,以确保所有物体都适合绘图表面,找到最大的天体Orbital Radius并使用它来计算比例。

使用类似于您的代码的列表理解,我们可以找到最大值:

max([planet[key]['Orbital Radius'] for key in planet])

>>> 8595000

scale = gridsize/max([planet[key]['Orbital Radius'] for key in planet])
于 2012-11-23T18:39:44.980 回答