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如何使用 python 基于引用键从 bibtex 文件中删除特定条目？我基本上想要一个函数，它接受两个参数（bibtex 文件的路径和引用键）并从文件中删除与键对应的条目。我玩过正则表达式，但没有成功。我也看了一点 bibtex 解析器，但这似乎有点矫枉过正。在下面的骨架函数中，决定性的部分是content_modified =.

def deleteEntry(path, key):
  # get content of bibtex file
  f = open(path, 'r')
  content = f.read()
  f.close() 
  # delete entry from content string
  content_modified = 

  # rewrite file
  f = open(path, 'w')
  f.write(content_modified)
  f.close()

这是一个示例 bibtex 文件（摘要中有空格）：

@article{dai2008thebigfishlittlepond,
    title = {The {Big-Fish-Little-Pond} Effect: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go from Here?},
    volume = {20},
    shorttitle = {The {Big-Fish-Little-Pond} Effect},
    url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10648-008-9071-x},
    doi = {10.1007/s10648-008-9071-x},
    abstract = {The big-fish-little-pond effect {(BFLPE)} refers to the theoretical prediction that equally able students will have lower academic
self-concepts in higher-achieving or selective schools or programs than in lower-achieving or less selective schools or programs,
largely due to social comparison based on local norms. While negative consequences of being in a more competitive educational
setting are highlighted by the {BFLPE}, the exact nature of the {BFLPE} has not been closely scrutinized. This article provides
a critique of the {BFLPE} in terms of its conceptualization, methodology, and practical implications. Our main argument is that
of the {BFLPE.}},
    number = {3},
    journal = {Educational Psychology Review},
    author = {Dai, David Yun and Rinn, Anne N.},
    year = {2008},
    keywords = {education, composition by performance, education, peer effect, education, school context, education, social comparison/big-fish{\textendash}little-pond effect},
    pages = {283--317},
    file = {Dai_Rinn_2008_The Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect.pdf:/Users/jpl2136/Documents/Literatur/Dai_Rinn_2008_The Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect.pdf:application/pdf}
}

@book{coleman1966equality,
    title = {Equality of Educational Opportunity},
    shorttitle = {Equality of educational opportunity},
    publisher = {{U.S.} Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education},
    author = {Coleman, James},
    year = {1966},
    keywords = {\_task\_obtain, education, school context, soz. Ungleichheit, education}
}

编辑：这是我想出的解决方案。它不是基于匹配整个 bibtex 条目，而是查找所有开头@article{dai2008thebigfishlittlepond,，然后通过切片上下文字符串来删除相应的条目。

content_keys = [(m.group(1), m.start(0)) for m in re.finditer("@\w{1,20}\{([\w\d-]+),", content)]
idx = [k[0] for k in content_keys].index(key)
content_modified = content[0:content_keys[idx][1]] + content[content_keys[idx + 1][1]:]
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1 回答 1

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正如 Beni Cherniavsky-Paskin 在评论中提到的那样，您将不得不依赖这样一个事实，即您的 BibTex 条目将在行首之后开始和结束（没有任何制表符或空格）。然后你可以这样做：

pattern = re.compile(r"^@\w+\{"+key+r",.*?^\}", re.S | re.M)
content_modified = re.sub(pattern, "", content)

注意这两个修饰符。S使.匹配换行符。在字符串的开头M进行匹配。^

如果你不能依赖这个事实，那么 BibTex 格式根本就不是一种常规语言（因为它允许嵌套{}必须计算正确的结果。有正则表达式风格，这可能仍然使这项任务成为可能（使用递归或平衡组），但我认为 Python 不支持这些功能。因此，您实际上必须使用 BibTex 解析器（我猜这也会使您的代码更加不稳定）。

于 2012-11-22T09:36:46.727 回答