regex - MS-Word VBA，正则表达式，仅替换第一个捕获组的格式

Question

我尝试使用通配符搜索和替换在 VBA 中记录替换：

我有由 3 个空格后跟单词 normal 组成的字符串，例如“normal”，并且想用蓝色字体的“1”（一个 1 后跟两个空格）替换 3 个前导空格。

给出：“1 normal”，1为蓝色，“normal”为原始格式..

我试图匹配：

([^s]{3})normal

但是当用新格式替换时，我总是会重新格式化整个字符串..如何保留字符串“正常”的原始格式

任何指针，也许直接使用VBA？

Answer 1

我设法做我想做的事。但是，我不使用正则表达式，我想有一种更优雅的方式来做到这一点（我做了两次替换来得到我想要的地方）。我认为关键词是“环顾四周”，但我没有绕过应用它。

Sub replace_3spaces()

Dim str_after As String
Dim re_number As Integer

str_after = "normal"
re_number = "1"

    Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
    Selection.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting
    With Selection.Find
        .Text = "([^s]{3})" & "(" & str_after & ")"
        .Replacement.Text = "§§§\2"
        .Forward = True
        .Wrap = wdFindContinue
        .Format = False
        .MatchCase = False
        .MatchWholeWord = False
        .MatchAllWordForms = False
        .MatchSoundsLike = False
        .MatchWildcards = True
    End With
    Selection.Find.Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll

    Selection.Find.ClearFormatting
    Selection.Find.Replacement.Font.ColorIndex = wdBlue
    With Selection.Find
        .Text = "§§§"
        .Replacement.Text = re_number & " "
        .Forward = True
        .Wrap = wdFindContinue
        .Format = True
        .MatchCase = False
        .MatchWholeWord = False
        .MatchAllWordForms = False
        .MatchSoundsLike = False
        .MatchWildcards = True
    End With
    Selection.Find.Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll
End Sub

Answer 2

改用这个regex：^ {3}(normal.*)

^          # Matched the start of the string
 {3}       # Followed by 3 spaces
(normal.*) # Followed by normal + anything else (captured)

经测试sed：

$ cat file.txt
   normal string 
no spaces 
  two spaces
   another normal string

$ sed -E 's/^ {3}(normal.*)/1  \1/' file.txt
1  normal string 
no spaces 
  two spaces
another normal string