我有以下用例:
我在线程 A(不是 EDT)中执行代码。然后我想问用户一个问题,但这必须在 EDT 上完成,因为它涉及 Swing 代码(打开对话框等)。最后,我想将用户的答案传递回线程 A,以便它可以继续。
我正在努力寻找一种将用户的答案传回线程 A 的好方法。你是如何做到的?
我有以下用例:
我在线程 A(不是 EDT)中执行代码。然后我想问用户一个问题,但这必须在 EDT 上完成,因为它涉及 Swing 代码(打开对话框等)。最后,我想将用户的答案传递回线程 A,以便它可以继续。
我正在努力寻找一种将用户的答案传回线程 A 的好方法。你是如何做到的?
FutureTask<Integer> dialogTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(new Callable<Integer>() {
@Override public Integer call() {
return JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(...);
}
});
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(dialogTask);
int result = dialogTask.get();
我编写了以下便捷方法来添加到 jtahlborn 的答案中。它添加了一个检查以避免阻塞 EDT,并提供了一个很好的流线型异常处理:
/**
* executes the given callable on the EDT, blocking and returning the result of the callable.call() method.
*
* If call() throws an exception, it is rethrown on the the current thread if the exception is either a RuntimeException, or the
* class that is assignable to exceptionClass. Otherwise, it is wrapped in a RuntimeException and thrown on the current thread.
*
* @param exceptionClass The class of any exception that may be thrown by the callable.call() method, which will now be thrown
* directly by this method (ie, not wrapped in an ExecutionException)
*/
public static <T, E extends Exception> T invokeAndWaitAndReturn(Callable<T> callable, Class<E> exceptionClass)
throws InterruptedException, E {
if (SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread()) {
try {
return callable.call();
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw throwException(exceptionClass, e);
}
}
else {
FutureTask<T> task = new FutureTask<T>(callable);
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(task);
try {
return task.get();
}
catch (ExecutionException ee) {
throw throwException(exceptionClass, ee.getCause());
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static <E extends Exception> E throwException(Class<E> exceptionClass, Throwable t) {
if (exceptionClass.isAssignableFrom(t.getClass())) {
return (E) t;
}
else if (t instanceof RuntimeException) {
throw (RuntimeException) t;
}
else {
throw new RuntimeException(t);
}
}
您可以这样称呼它,不必担心您当前是否在 EDT 上执行:
try {
Integer result = invokeAndWaitAndReturn(new Callable<Integer>() {
public Integer call() throws MyException {
// do EDT stuff here to produce the result
}
}, MyException.class);
} catch(InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
} catch(MyException me) {
// handle the "expected" Exception here
}
在线程 A 中,您可以使用 SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(Runnable) 在 EDT 上执行用户提示。这将阻塞线程 A,直到您的可运行文件完成(即,直到用户提交结果并且您将其存储在某处)。一旦线程 A 重新获得控制权,就可以编写您的可运行文件以将结果存储在线程 A 可以访问它的某个位置。
基本上,您需要使用EventQueue#invokeAndWait
(AKA SwingUtilities#invokeAndWait
)。这将阻塞当前线程,直到 run 方法返回。
真正的诀窍是尝试对其进行设置,以便您可以获得返回值;)
public class TestOptionPane03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
String choice = ask("Chocolate", "Strewberry", "Vanilla");
System.out.println("You choose " + choice);
}
}).start();
}
public static String ask(final String... values) {
String result = null;
if (EventQueue.isDispatchThread()) {
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.add(new JLabel("Please make a selection:"));
DefaultComboBoxModel model = new DefaultComboBoxModel();
for (String value : values) {
model.addElement(value);
}
JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox(model);
panel.add(comboBox);
int iResult = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, panel, "Flavor", JOptionPane.OK_CANCEL_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE);
switch (iResult) {
case JOptionPane.OK_OPTION:
result = (String) comboBox.getSelectedItem();
break;
}
} else {
Response response = new Response(values);
try {
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(response);
result = response.getResponse();
} catch (InterruptedException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
public static class Response implements Runnable {
private String[] values;
private String response;
public Response(String... values) {
this.values = values;
}
@Override
public void run() {
response = ask(values);
}
public String getResponse() {
return response;
}
}
}
在这个例子中,我基本上创建了自己的查询对象,Runnable
并可以存储来自用户的响应
这个 util 方法在一个单独的 swing 线程中执行供应商中的操作,并等待响应。如果存在以下情况,它也会引发异常:
public class InvokeAndGet {
public static <T> T execute(Supplier<T> supplier, long timeout) throws InterruptedException, SyncException {
AtomicReference<T> atomicRef = new AtomicReference<>();
AtomicReference<Exception> atomicException = new AtomicReference<>();
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
try {
atomicRef.set(supplier.get());
}catch(Exception e){
atomicException.set(e);
}finally {
latch.countDown();
}
});
latch.await(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
if(atomicException.get() != null) {
throw new SyncException(atomicException.get());
}else {
return atomicRef.get();
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public static class SyncException extends Exception {
public SyncException(Throwable arg0) {
super(arg0);
}
}
}
这里有两个测试,所以你可以看到如何使用它:
@Test
public void execute() throws InterruptedException, SyncException {
Integer result = InvokeAndGet.execute(() -> 1+1, 5000);
assertEquals(2, result.intValue());
}
@Test(expected = SyncException.class)
public void executeException() throws InterruptedException, SyncException {
InvokeAndGet.execute(() -> 1/0, 5000);
}
它仍有改进的空间以使其更通用,因为此实现在 SwingUtilities 中中继,有时您希望使用 ThreadExecutor。