我正在做与 spring、hibernate 和 maven 相关的教程。并收到org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException错误消息。这是教程的链接：
在我将 hibernateTemplate 的内容放入代码之后，当我阅读本教程时。
我完全按照教程所说的做了。
但我不断收到此错误。即使我遇到错误，我也会继续将其余代码写入 Eclipse。
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'courseService' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'transactionManager' while setting bean property 'transactionManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.TransactionFactory]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:275)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:104)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1245)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1010)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:472)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:423)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at com.mytutorial.App.main(App.java:13)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.TransactionFactory]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:275)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:104)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1245)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1010)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:472)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:269)
... 18 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in class path resource [applicationContext-mytutorial.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.TransactionFactory]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:269)
... 31 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.TransactionFactory]
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:186)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:150)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:131)
at org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory.buildSettings(SettingsFactory.java:169)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSettingsInternal(Configuration.java:2283)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSettings(Configuration.java:2279)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1748)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1788)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.newSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:814)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:732)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:211)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335)
... 41 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to instantiate specified TransactionFactory class [org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringTransactionFactory]
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator.initiateService(TransactionFactoryInitiator.java:80)
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator.initiateService(TransactionFactoryInitiator.java:47)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:69)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:176)
... 53 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringTransactionFactory cannot be cast to org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.TransactionFactory
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator.initiateService(TransactionFactoryInitiator.java:77)
... 56 more
这是我的 applicationContext-mytutorial.xml。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="courseService" parent="txnProxyTemplate">
<property name="target">
<bean class="com.mytutorial.CourseServiceImpl" scope="prototype">
<property name="courseDao" ref="courseDao" />
</bean>
</property>
<property name="preInterceptors">
<list>
<ref bean="traceBeforeAdvisor" />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="courseDao" class="com.mytutorial.CourseDaoImpl" scope="prototype">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="txnProxyTemplate" abstract="true"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager">
<ref bean="transactionManager" />
</property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
scope="singleton">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- Advice classes -->
<bean id="tracingBeforeAdvice" class="com.mytutorial.TracingBeforeAdvice" />
<!-- Advisor: way to associate advice beans with pointcuts -->
<!-- pointcut definition for before method call advice -->
<bean id="traceBeforeAdvisor"
class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice">
<ref local="tracingBeforeAdvice" />
</property>
<property name="pattern">
<value>.*\.process.*</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
这是我的 CourseServiceImpl.java
package com.mytutorial;
import java.util.List;
public class CourseServiceImpl implements CourseService {
private CourseDao courseDao;
public CourseDao getCourseDao(){
return courseDao;
}
public void setCourseDao(CourseDao courseDao){
this.courseDao = courseDao;
}
@Override
public void processCourse(List<Course> courses) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//CourseDao dao = new CourseDaoImpl();
courseDao.create(courses);
List<Course> list = getCourseDao().findAll();
System.out.println("The saved courses are --> " + list);
}
}
这是我的 CourseDaoImpl.java
package com.mytutorial;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
public class CourseDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CourseDao {
@Override
public void create(List<Course> listCourses) {
HibernateTemplate ht = getHibernateTemplate();
for (Course course : listCourses) {
ht.save(course);
}
}
@Override
public List findAll() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
HibernateTemplate ht = getHibernateTemplate();
return ht.find("From Course");
}
}
这是我的 hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost</property>
<property name="connection.username">SA</property>
<property name="connection.password"></property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">2</property>
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on start-up, also try with “update” to keep the previous values -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/mytutorial/Course.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
这是我的 App.java
package com.mytutorial;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-mytutorial.xml");
List<Course> courses = new ArrayList<Course>(10);
Course c1 = new Course();
c1.setName("John");
c1.setCourse("Java");
courses.add(c1);
Course c2 = new Course();
c2.setName("Peter");
c2.setCourse("Hibernate");
courses.add(c2);
//CourseService service = new CourseServiceImpl(); // tightly coupled
CourseService service = (CourseService) ctx.getBean("courseService");
service.processCourse(courses);
}
}