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每次我开始打开 ​​URL 时，我都试图让 Mechanize 使用随机的用户代理。有人可以指出我需要采取的正确方向吗？- 我到处搜索，找不到参考。

谢谢！

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2 回答 2

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此链接为您提供了一个示例用户代理参考。演示它的示例代码：

from random import choice
user_agents = ['Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; i686; en-US; rv:1.6) Gecko Debian/1.6-7','Konqueror/3.0-rc4; (Konqueror/3.0-rc4; i686 Linux;;datecode)','Opera/9.52 (X11; Linux i686; U; en)']
random_user_agent = choice(user_agents)

您可以将上述链接中任意数量的 user_agents 包含到变量 user_agents 中。

现在只需random_user_agent在初始化期间通过在其中添加标头将其放入 Mechanize 中。

于 2012-11-15T22:23:10.163 回答
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我在做网络爬虫时遇到了同样的问题，这是我使用的解决方案：

class URLOpener():      
    def opener(self,user_agent):
        cj=cookielib.CookieJar()
        #Process Hadlers
        opener=urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
        opener.addheaders=[
                        ('User-Agent', user_agent),
                        ('Accept', 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8'),
                        ('Accept-Language', 'en-gb,en;q=0.5'),
                        ('Accept-Charset', 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7'),
                        ('Keep-Alive', '115'),
                        ('Connection', 'keep-alive'),
                        ('Cache-Control', 'max-age=0'),
                    ]
        return opener

    #Openers with different User-Agents
    def opener_list(self,f_path):
        #f_path is a path to the file that contains browsers
        f=open(f_path, 'r+')
        count=0
        user_agent_list=list()
        for line in f.xreadlines():
            count+=1
            user_agent_list.append(line[:-1])
        openers=[self.opener(user_agent) for user_agent in user_agent_list]
        return openers

我创建的文件也类似于：

Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.0.3; ko-kr; LG-L160L Build/IML74K) AppleWebkit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.0.3; de-ch; HTC Sensation Build/IML74K) AppleWebKit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3; en-us) AppleWebKit/999+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Safari/999.9
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.5; zh-cn; HTC_IncredibleS_S710e Build/GRJ90) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.5; en-us; HTC Vision Build/GRI40) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.4; fr-fr; HTC Desire Build/GRJ22) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.4; en-us; T-Mobile myTouch 3G Slide Build/GRI40) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.3; zh-tw; HTC_Pyramid Build/GRI40) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.3; zh-tw; HTC_Pyramid Build/GRI40) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.3; zh-tw; HTC Pyramid Build/GRI40) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1
于 2012-11-16T00:04:51.227 回答