我的系统 (Linux) 中的默认语言环境 - en_US。当我将语言环境更改为俄语（LANG=ru_RU ./show_form.py）时，python 字符串“hello to me”正确显示（在控制台中），其他（glade 形式）- 用英文显示。（LANG=ru_RU.utf-8 ./show_form.py - 结果相同）。
我究竟做错了什么？
例如，我有简单的 python 代码（show_form.py）：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pygtk, gtk, gtk.glade
import locale, gettext
APP="show_form"
DIR="locale"
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')
gettext.bindtextdomain(APP, DIR)
gettext.textdomain(APP)
lang = gettext.translation(APP, DIR)
_ = lang.gettext
gettext.install(APP, unicode=False, codeset='utf-8', localedir=DIR)
print _("hello to me")
wTree = gtk.glade.XML("localize.glade")
gtk.glade.bindtextdomain(APP, DIR)
window = wTree.get_widget("window1")
window.connect("delete_event", lambda wid, we: gtk.main_quit())
window.show_all()
gtk.main()
和一些语言的 .mo 文件。.po 文件如下：
# Russian translations for PACKAGE package.
# Copyright (C) 2012 THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# <asc@grodno>, 2012.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-14 13:54+0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-11-14 13:58+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: <aaa@bbb>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian\n"
"Language: ru\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 16bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
#: show_form.py:14
msgid "hello to me"
msgstr "привет мне"
#: localize.glade.h:1
msgid "label text"
msgstr "метка"
#: localize.glade.h:2
msgid "button text"
msgstr "кнопка"
#: localize.glade.h:3
msgid "checkbutton text"
msgstr "галочка"
和 en_US 文件（像这样使用不同的 msgstr）。和带有标签、按钮、复选框的小空地形式。
更新：
我的 .mo 文件创建字符串：
intltool-extract --type=gettext/glade localize.glade
xgettext --language=Python --keyword=_ --keyword=N_ --output=show_form.pot show_form.py localize.glade.h
msginit --locale=ru --input=show_form.pot
msginit --locale=en_US --input=show_form.pot
msginit --locale=de_DE --input=show_form.pot
在此之后我更正了 .po 文件。
最后：
msgfmt ru.po -o locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/show_form.mo
msgfmt en_US.po -o locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/show_form.mo
msgfmt de.po -o locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/show_form.mo
Upd2：解决方案
-wTree = gtk.glade.XML("localize.glade")
gtk.glade.bindtextdomain(APP, DIR)
+wTree = gtk.glade.XML("localize.glade", "window1", APP)