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我试图避免为 toJSON 编写定义。这是我遇到的错误：

Datatypes.hs:92:10:
    No instance for (aeson-0.6.0.2:Data.Aeson.Types.Class.GToJSON
                       (GHC.Generics.Rep (HashMap Key Project)))
      arising from a use of `aeson-0.6.0.2:Data.Aeson.Types.Class.$gdmtoJSON'
Possible fix:
  add an instance declaration for
  (aeson-0.6.0.2:Data.Aeson.Types.Class.GToJSON
     (GHC.Generics.Rep (HashMap Key Project)))
In the expression:
  (aeson-0.6.0.2:Data.Aeson.Types.Class.$gdmtoJSON)
In an equation for `toJSON':
    toJSON = (aeson-0.6.0.2:Data.Aeson.Types.Class.$gdmtoJSON)
In the instance declaration for `ToJSON (HashMap Key Project)'

我的所有 HashMapdata声明都出现了类似的错误。

这是相关的代码。让我知道是否缺少信息。

{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}  -- for JTask and Fields ToJSON instances:w!
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-} -- This may be needed for HashMaps
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} -- for the HashMap ToJSON instances
{-# LANGUAGE DefaultSignatures #-}

import Prelude
import Data.ByteString
import GHC.Generics (Generic )
import Data.Data 
import Data.Typeable (Typeable) -- fix HashMap ToJSON instances? maybe
import Data.Aeson
import Data.Aeson.Generic  
import Data.Aeson.Types -- (ToJSON,FromJSON)
import Data.HashMap.Strict (HashMap)

data JTask = JTask {fields :: Fields} deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic)
data Fields = Fields { project :: HashMap Key Project
                     , summary :: ByteString
                     , issuetype :: HashMap Name Task
                     , versions :: [HashMap Name Version]
                     , description :: ByteString
                     } deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic)

data Key = Key deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic)
instance Show Key where
   show Key = "key"

data Name = Name deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic)
instance Show Name where
   show Name = "name"

data Task = Task deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic)

type Version = ByteString -- Placeholder type. Probably using Day for realsies.

data Project = BNAP deriving (Typeable,Data,Generic) -- Fill this out as we go 

instance Generic (HashMap Key Project)
instance Data (HashMap Key Project)
--instance GToJSON (HashMap Key Project)

instance Generic (HashMap Name ByteString)
instance Data (HashMap Name ByteString)

instance Generic (HashMap Name Task)
instance Data (HashMap Name Task)
-- JSON instances
instance ToJSON CreateError
instance ToJSON Fields
instance ToJSON JTask 

instance ToJSON Key
instance ToJSON Name
instance ToJSON Task
instance ToJSON Project

instance ToJSON (HashMap Key Project)
instance ToJSON (HashMap Name Task)
instance ToJSON (HashMap Name ByteString)
-- instance ToJSON Version uncomment when we change Version's type.

我无法创建实例，Data.Aeson.Types.Class.GToJSON因为Data.Aeson.Types.Class 未导出。我有哪些选择？我必须手动写什么？是deriveJSON最好的选择吗？

更新：我实施了以下建议。这是代码

createObject :: CreateConf -> ResourceT IO Value
createObject (CreateConf iSummary iDesc dd) = do
   let jfields = Fields {project = singleton Key BNAP
                        ,summary = iSummary
                        ,issuetype = singleton Name Task
                        ,versions = [singleton Name (calcVersion dd)]
                        ,description = iDesc
                        }
return $ toJSON (JTask jfields)

第一个实例产生Object fromList [("key",Array (fromList []))])

二审结果Object fromList [("name",Array (fromList []))]

知道为什么name而且key是空的吗？

我怎么知道？

使用它会更容易吗deriveJSON？

更新：感谢 NathanHowell 的帮助，更重要的问题已经解决，即一元类型的 GToJSON 实例。解决方案是为一元类型创建自己的实例。JSON 对象出现故障，但我不知道这是否重要。如果是这样，那么 Fields 的另一个手动 ToJSON 实例似乎可以解决这个问题。

更新：好的一点上下文。我正在编写一个 JIRA 前端。我之所以提到这一点，是因为将来人们可能会来这里发现以下好消息：JIRA 不关心对象顺序。

4

1 回答 1

4

AesonToJSON为HashMap String a. 让事情正常工作的最简单方法是通过将HashMap键转换为Strings. 只需一点样板文件，它就会将Generic实例用于其他所有内容。

{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}  -- for JTask and Fields ToJSON instances:w!
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} -- for the HashMap ToJSON instances
{-# LANGUAGE DefaultSignatures #-}

import Prelude
import Data.ByteString
import GHC.Generics (Generic )
import Data.Aeson
import Data.HashMap.Strict (HashMap)
import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict as HashMap

data JTask = JTask {fields :: Fields} deriving (Generic)
data Fields = Fields { project :: HashMap Key Project
                     , summary :: ByteString
                     , issuetype :: HashMap Name Task
                     , versions :: [HashMap Name Version]
                     , description :: ByteString
                     } deriving (Generic)

data Key = Key deriving (Generic)
instance Show Key where
   show Key = "key"

data Name = Name deriving (Generic)
instance Show Name where
   show Name = "name"

data Task = Task deriving (Generic)

type Version = ByteString -- Placeholder type. Probably using Day for realsies.

data Project = BNAP deriving (Generic) -- Fill this out as we go 

instance ToJSON Fields
instance ToJSON JTask 

instance ToJSON Key
instance ToJSON Name
instance ToJSON Task
instance ToJSON Project

mapfst :: (a -> b) -> [(a, v)] -> [(b, v)]
mapfst f = fmap $ \ (k, v) -> (f k, v)

instance ToJSON a => ToJSON (HashMap Key a) where
  toJSON = toJSON . HashMap.fromList . mapfst show . HashMap.toList

instance ToJSON a => ToJSON (HashMap Name a) where
  toJSON = toJSON . HashMap.fromList . mapfst show . HashMap.toList
于 2012-11-13T20:50:44.210 回答