正如@tripleee 所说,在路径分隔符上拆分(“/”表示类 Unix),然后再粘贴在一起。例如:
echo "/PATH/TO/THE/FILE.txt" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift} @p = split /\//; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join("/",@p[$start..$#p])' 1
FILE.txt
echo "/PATH/TO/THE/FILE.txt" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift} @p = split /\//; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join("/",@p[$start..$#p])' 3
TO/THE/FILE.txt
只是为了好玩,如果您提供分隔符作为第二个参数,这里有一个适用于 Unix 和 Windows(以及任何其他)路径类型:
# Unix-like
echo "PATH/TO/THE/FILE.txt" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift;$d=shift} @p = split /\Q$d\E/; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join($d,@p[$start..$#p])' 3 /
TO/THE/FILE.txt
# Wrong delimiter
echo "PATH/TO/THE/FILE.txt" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift;$d=shift} @p = split /\Q$d\E/; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join($d,@p[$start..$#p])' 3 \\
PATH/TO/THE/FILE.txt
# Windows
echo "C:\Users\Name\Documents\document.doc" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift;$d=shift} @p = split /\Q$d\E/; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join($d,@p[$start..$#p])' 3 \\
Name\Documents\document.doc
# Wrong delimiter
echo "C:\Users\Name\Documents\document.doc" | perl -ne 'BEGIN{$n=shift;$d=shift} @p = split /\Q$d\E/; $start=($#p-$n+1<0?0:$#p-$n+1); print join($d,@p[$start..$#p])' 3 /
C:\Users\Name\Documents\document.doc