更新
由于在 CoreText 中添加了 NSLayoutManager,这对于 iOS 7 来说变得容易多了。如果您正在处理 UITextView,您可以将布局管理器作为视图的属性访问。在我的情况下,我想坚持使用 UILabel,所以你必须创建一个相同大小的布局管理器,即:
NSTextStorage *textStorage = [[NSTextStorage alloc] initWithAttributedString:labelText];
NSLayoutManager *layoutManager = [[NSLayoutManager alloc] init];
[textStorage addLayoutManager:layoutManager];
CGRect bounds = label.bounds;
NSTextContainer *textContainer = [[NSTextContainer alloc] initWithSize:bounds.size];
[layoutManager addTextContainer:textContainer];
现在你只需要找到被点击的字符的索引,很简单!
NSUInteger characterIndex = [layoutManager characterIndexForPoint:location
inTextContainer:textContainer
fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints:NULL];
这使得查找单词本身变得微不足道:
if (characterIndex < textStorage.length) {
[labelText.string enumerateSubstringsInRange:NSMakeRange(0, textStorage.length)
options:NSStringEnumerationByWords
usingBlock:^(NSString *substring, NSRange substringRange, NSRange enclosingRange, BOOL *stop) {
if (NSLocationInRange(characterIndex, enclosingRange)) {
// Do your thing with the word, at range 'enclosingRange'
*stop = YES;
}
}];
}
原始答案,适用于 iOS < 7
感谢@JP Hribovsek 提供了一些使其工作的技巧,我设法解决了这个问题,足以满足我的目的。感觉有点 hacky,并且对于大量文本可能不太适用,但对于一次段落(这是我需要的)它很好。
我创建了一个简单的 UILabel 子类,它允许我设置插入值:
#import "WWLabel.h"
#define WWLabelDefaultInset 5
@implementation WWLabel
@synthesize topInset, leftInset, bottomInset, rightInset;
- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
self.topInset = WWLabelDefaultInset;
self.bottomInset = WWLabelDefaultInset;
self.rightInset = WWLabelDefaultInset;
self.leftInset = WWLabelDefaultInset;
}
return self;
}
- (void)drawTextInRect:(CGRect)rect
{
UIEdgeInsets insets = {self.topInset, self.leftInset,
self.bottomInset, self.rightInset};
return [super drawTextInRect:UIEdgeInsetsInsetRect(rect, insets)];
}
然后我创建了一个包含我的自定义标签的 UIView 子类,并在点击时为标签中的每个单词构建文本的大小,直到大小超过点击位置的大小——这就是被点击的单词。它不是完美的,但现在工作得很好。
然后我使用了一个简单的 NSAttributedString 来突出显示文本:
#import "WWPhoneticTextView.h"
#import "WWLabel.h"
#define WWPhoneticTextViewInset 5
#define WWPhoneticTextViewDefaultColor [UIColor blackColor]
#define WWPhoneticTextViewHighlightColor [UIColor yellowColor]
#define UILabelMagicTopMargin 5
#define UILabelMagicLeftMargin -5
@implementation WWPhoneticTextView {
WWLabel *label;
NSMutableAttributedString *labelText;
NSRange tappedRange;
}
// ... skipped init methods, very simple, just call through to configureView
- (void)configureView
{
if(!label) {
tappedRange.location = NSNotFound;
tappedRange.length = 0;
label = [[WWLabel alloc] initWithFrame:[self bounds]];
[label setLineBreakMode:NSLineBreakByWordWrapping];
[label setNumberOfLines:0];
[label setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
[label setTopInset:WWPhoneticTextViewInset];
[label setLeftInset:WWPhoneticTextViewInset];
[label setBottomInset:WWPhoneticTextViewInset];
[label setRightInset:WWPhoneticTextViewInset];
[self addSubview:label];
}
// Setup tap handling
UITapGestureRecognizer *singleFingerTap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]
initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleSingleTap:)];
singleFingerTap.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;
[self addGestureRecognizer:singleFingerTap];
}
- (void)setText:(NSString *)text
{
labelText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:text];
[label setAttributedText:labelText];
}
- (void)handleSingleTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender
{
if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded)
{
// Get the location of the tap, and normalise for the text view (no margins)
CGPoint tapPoint = [sender locationInView:sender.view];
tapPoint.x = tapPoint.x - WWPhoneticTextViewInset - UILabelMagicLeftMargin;
tapPoint.y = tapPoint.y - WWPhoneticTextViewInset - UILabelMagicTopMargin;
// Iterate over each word, and check if the word contains the tap point in the correct line
__block NSString *partialString = @"";
__block NSString *lineString = @"";
__block int currentLineHeight = label.font.pointSize;
[label.text enumerateSubstringsInRange:NSMakeRange(0, [label.text length]) options:NSStringEnumerationByWords usingBlock:^(NSString* word, NSRange wordRange, NSRange enclosingRange, BOOL* stop){
CGSize sizeForText = CGSizeMake(label.frame.size.width-2*WWPhoneticTextViewInset, label.frame.size.height-2*WWPhoneticTextViewInset);
partialString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@", partialString, word];
// Find the size of the partial string, and stop if we've hit the word
CGSize partialStringSize = [partialString sizeWithFont:label.font constrainedToSize:sizeForText lineBreakMode:label.lineBreakMode];
if (partialStringSize.height > currentLineHeight) {
// Text wrapped to new line
currentLineHeight = partialStringSize.height;
lineString = @"";
}
lineString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@", lineString, word];
CGSize lineStringSize = [lineString sizeWithFont:label.font constrainedToSize:label.frame.size lineBreakMode:label.lineBreakMode];
lineStringSize.width = lineStringSize.width + WWPhoneticTextViewInset;
if (tapPoint.x < lineStringSize.width && tapPoint.y > (partialStringSize.height-label.font.pointSize) && tapPoint.y < partialStringSize.height) {
NSLog(@"Tapped word %@", word);
if (tappedRange.location != NSNotFound) {
[labelText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor blackColor] range:tappedRange];
}
tappedRange = wordRange;
[labelText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:tappedRange];
[label setAttributedText:labelText];
*stop = YES;
}
}];
}
}