如果您不想花太多时间在字符串操作上,您可以使用 java 序列化 +公共编解码器,如下所示:
public void stringArrayTest() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, DecoderException {
String[] strs = new String[] {"test 1", "test 2", "test 3"};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(strs));
// serialize
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
new ObjectOutputStream(out).writeObject(strs);
// your string
String yourString = new String(Hex.encodeHex(out.toByteArray()));
System.out.println(yourString);
// deserialize
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(Hex.decodeHex(yourString.toCharArray()));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString((String[]) new ObjectInputStream(in).readObject()));
}
这将返回以下输出:
[test 1, test 2, test 3]
aced0005757200135b4c6a6176612e6c616e672e537472696e673badd256e7e91d7b47020000787000000003740006746573742031740006746573742032740006746573742033
[test 1, test 2, test 3]
如果您使用的是 maven,则可以将以下依赖项用于 commons 编解码器:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
正如 base64 所建议的(两行更改):
String yourString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(out.toByteArray()));
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(Base64.decodeBase64(yourString.getBytes()));
在 Base64 的情况下,结果字符串更短,对于下面公开的代码:
[test 1, test 2, test 3]
rO0ABXVyABNbTGphdmEubGFuZy5TdHJpbmc7rdJW5+kde0cCAAB4cAAAAAN0AAZ0ZXN0IDF0AAZ0ZXN0IDJ0AAZ0ZXN0IDM=
[test 1, test 2, test 3]
关于每种方法的时间,我对每种方法执行 10^5 次,结果如下:
- 字符串操作:156 毫秒
- 十六进制:376 毫秒
- Base64:379 毫秒
用于测试的代码:
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.commons.codec.DecoderException;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
public class StringArrayRepresentationTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, DecoderException {
String[] strs = new String[] {"test 1", "test 2", "test 3"};
long t = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i =0; i < 100000;i++) {
stringManipulation(strs);
}
System.out.println("String manipulation: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - t));
t = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i =0; i < 100000;i++) {
testHex(strs);
}
System.out.println("Hex: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - t));
t = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i =0; i < 100000;i++) {
testBase64(strs);
}
System.out.println("Base64: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - t));
}
public static void stringManipulation(String[] strs) {
String result = serialize(strs);
unserialize(result);
}
private static String[] unserialize(String result) {
int sizesSplitPoint = result.toString().lastIndexOf('$');
String sizes = result.substring(sizesSplitPoint+1);
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(sizes, ";");
String[] resultArray = new String[st.countTokens()];
int i = 0;
int lastPosition = 0;
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String stringLengthStr = st.nextToken();
int stringLength = Integer.parseInt(stringLengthStr);
resultArray[i++] = result.substring(lastPosition, lastPosition + stringLength);
lastPosition += stringLength;
}
return resultArray;
}
private static String serialize(String[] strs) {
StringBuilder sizes = new StringBuilder("$");
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (String str : strs) {
if (sizes.length() != 1) {
sizes.append(';');
}
sizes.append(str.length());
result.append(str);
}
result.append(sizes.toString());
return result.toString();
}
public static void testBase64(String[] strs) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, DecoderException {
// serialize
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
new ObjectOutputStream(out).writeObject(strs);
// your string
String yourString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(out.toByteArray()));
// deserialize
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(Base64.decodeBase64(yourString.getBytes()));
}
public static void testHex(String[] strs) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, DecoderException {
// serialize
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
new ObjectOutputStream(out).writeObject(strs);
// your string
String yourString = new String(Hex.encodeHex(out.toByteArray()));
// deserialize
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(Hex.decodeHex(yourString.toCharArray()));
}
}