javascript - D3 围绕一组圆圈绘制一个外壳

Question

我想用 d3 围绕一个分组的力有向图构建一个船体。

我已经用圆圈构建了图表。但我现在想用路径（船体）加入圆圈的交叉点。如果不加入交叉点，在这组圆圈周围绘制一个外壳就足够了。我尝试了带有 Convex Hull示例的 Force-Directed Layout。但是我有覆盖文本的文本和圆圈以及连接文本的链接。

var vertices = new Array();
var width = 960,
    height = 500;
var color = d3.scale.category10();
var r = 6;
var force = d3.layout.force().size([width, height]);
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg").attr("width", width).attr("height", height).attr("transform", "translate(" + width / 2 + "," + height / 2 + ")");
$(function() {

    var json = "{\"nodes\":[{\"name\":\"language\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"45px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"english\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"35px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"languages\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"21px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"speak\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"16px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"religion\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"16px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"words\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"16px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"living\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"16px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"adobe\",\"group\":2,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"malayalam\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"learn\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"multilanguage\",\"group\":3,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"different\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"sarcasm\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"linkedin\",\"group\":4,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"hindi\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"indesign\",\"group\":5,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"city\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"spanish\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"religious\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null},{\"name\":\"real\",\"group\":1,\"fontsize\":\"15px\",\"title\":null}],\"links\":[{\"source\":0,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":0,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":0,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":0,\"target\":4,\"value\":1},{\"source\":0,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":1,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":1,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":1,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":1,\"target\":6,\"value\":1},{\"source\":2,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":2,\"target\":4,\"value\":1},{\"source\":2,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":3,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":3,\"target\":8,\"value\":1},{\"source\":4,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":4,\"target\":6,\"value\":1},{\"source\":4,\"target\":11,\"value\":1},{\"source\":5,\"target\":6,\"value\":1},{\"source\":6,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":6,\"target\":11,\"value\":1},{\"source\":6,\"target\":18,\"value\":1},{\"source\":8,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":8,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":8,\"target\":14,\"value\":1},{\"source\":9,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":9,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":9,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":9,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":9,\"target\":8,\"value\":1},{\"source\":11,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":11,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":11,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":11,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":12,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":12,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":12,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":12,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":12,\"target\":14,\"value\":1},{\"source\":14,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":14,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":14,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":14,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":14,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":16,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":16,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":16,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":16,\"target\":9,\"value\":1},{\"source\":16,\"target\":11,\"value\":1},{\"source\":17,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":17,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":17,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":17,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":18,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":18,\"target\":4,\"value\":1},{\"source\":18,\"target\":5,\"value\":1},{\"source\":18,\"target\":11,\"value\":1},{\"source\":19,\"target\":0,\"value\":1},{\"source\":19,\"target\":1,\"value\":1},{\"source\":19,\"target\":2,\"value\":1},{\"source\":19,\"target\":3,\"value\":1},{\"source\":19,\"target\":5,\"value\":1}]}";

    json = htmlDecode(json);

    json = $.parseJSON(json);

    svg.append("svg:rect").attr("width", width).attr("height", height).style("stroke", "#fff").style("fill", "#fff");

    force.nodes(json.nodes).links(json.links).gravity(0.05).linkDistance(120).charge(-200).start();

    var node = svg.selectAll(".node").data(json.nodes).enter().append("g").attr("class", "node");
    var link = svg.selectAll(".link").data(json.links).enter().append("line").attr("class", "link").style("stroke-opacity", "0.2");

    node.append('circle').attr('r', function(d) {
        var tmprad = parseInt(d.fontsize.replace('px', '')) * (d.name.length / 3);
        if (tmprad > r) r = tmprad;
        return tmprad;
    }).style('fill', '#ffffff').style('stroke', function(d) {
        return color(d.group)
    });

    node.selectAll('text').data(json.nodes).enter().append("text").attr("text-anchor", "middle").attr("dx", 2).attr("dy", ".35em").attr('original-title', function(d) {
        return d.title
    }).attr("style", function(d) {
        return "font-size:" + d.fontsize
    }).text(function(d) {
        return d.name
    }).attr("style", function(d) {
        return "font-size:" + d.fontsize
    }).style('fill', function(d) {
        return color(d.group)
    }).style("cursor", "pointer").call(force.drag);

    var cx = new Array();
    var cy = new Array();

    node.attr("cx", function(d) {
        cx.push(d.x);
    }).attr("cy", function(d) {
        cy.push(d.y);
    });

    cx.forEach(function(o, i) {
        vertices.push(new Array(cx[i], cy[i]));
    });

    var nodes = vertices.map(Object);

    var groups = d3.nest().key(function(d) {
        return d;
    }).entries(nodes);

    var groupPath = function(d) {
        return "M" + d3.geom.hull(d.values.map(function(i) {
            return [i.x, i.y];
        })).join("L") + "Z";
    };

    var groupFill = function(d, i) {
        return color(i & 3);
    };

    svg.style("opacity", 1e-6).transition().duration(1000).style("opacity", 1);

    force.on("tick", function() {    
        link.attr("x1", function(d) {
            return d.source.x;
        }).attr("y1", function(d) {
            return d.source.y;
        }).attr("x2", function(d) {
            return d.target.x;
        }).attr("y2", function(d) {
            return d.target.y;
        });

        node.attr("cx", function(d) {
            return d.x = Math.max(r, Math.min(width - r, d.x));
        }).attr("cy", function(d) {
            return d.y = Math.max(r, Math.min(height - r, d.y));
        });

        node.selectAll('circle').attr("transform", function(d) {
            return "translate(" + d.x + "," + d.y + ")"
        });

        // reposition text
        node.selectAll('text').attr("transform", function(d) {
            return "translate(" + d.x + "," + d.y + ")"
        });
    });
});

function htmlEncode(value) {
    return $('<div/>').text(value).html();
}

function htmlDecode(value) {
    return $('<div/>').html(value).text();
}

function move() {
    vertices[0] = d3.svg.mouse(this);
    update();
}

function click() {
    vertices.push(d3.svg.mouse(this));
    update();
}

function update() {
    svg.selectAll("path")
        .data([d3.geom.hull(vertices)])
        .attr("d", function(d) {
            return "M" + d.join("L") + "Z";
        })
       .enter()
        .append("svg:path")
        .attr("d", function(d) {
            return "M" + d.join("L") + "Z";
        });
    svg.selectAll("nodes")
        .data(vertices.slice(1))
       .enter()
        .append("svg:circle")
        .attr("transform", function(d) {
             return "translate(" + d + ")";
        });
}​

您可以在JsFiddle上查看此代码的示例：

Answer 1

我用你的 JsFiddle 玩了一点，最后得到了这个：JsFiddle Example。

我刚刚添加

svg.selectAll("path")
        .data(groups)
        .attr("d", groupPath)
        .enter().insert("path", "g")
        .style("fill", groupFill)
        .style("stroke", groupFill)
        .style("stroke-width", 100)
        .style("stroke-linejoin", "round")
        .style("opacity", .2)
        .attr("d", groupPath);

绘制船体，并稍微调整一下您定义的函数（groupPath，groupFill）。此外，我定义了组来识别图表的不同组。

这是您发布的另一个链接的脏端口，船体没有完全覆盖更大的圆圈。您必须根据圆圈的大小获得具有可变笔画宽度的路径。不知道该怎么做。

不过，您可以稍微调整一下路径的笔划宽度，以使船体更大/更小。

我希望它有所帮助。

编辑：我用一些数学改进了我的例子。如您在此处看到的，它适用于少量气泡。它仍然是蹩脚/错误的代码（我只是为了好玩），但你可以找到我使用的三角函数。诀窍是让d3使用d3.geom.hull计算组的外壳，这将返回感兴趣节点的坐标列表。您可以想象在每个角节点处绘制一个大小合适的圆。然后，您必须找到这些圆与连接它们的线段之间的交点。我用一张纸、泰勒斯定理和一点三角函数来计算这些点的坐标。计算在特定情况下有点偏离，但我不知道d3.geom.hull如何确实有效，一般d3也没有，所以我帮不了你更多。