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大家好，我正在尝试以 mvc3 中的表格形式将一些数据导出到 excel。这是我用来生成 excel 文件的类：

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="ExcelDocument.cs" company="Microsoft">
//     Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// </copyright>
// <summary>The Export to Excel Document class.</summary>
//  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace ExporToExcel.Controllers.ControllerExtensions
{
    using System;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Linq;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Extensions;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
    using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet;


    /// <summary>
    /// Excel document.
    /// </summary>
    public static class ExcelDocument
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Default spread sheet name. 
        /// </summary>
        private const string DefaultSheetName = "Sheet1";

        /// <summary>
        /// Create the exel document for streaming.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="documentName">Excel file name.</param>
        /// <param name="excelWorkSheetName">Excel worksheet name: default: sheet1.</param>
        /// <param name="rowData">Row data to write.</param>
        /// <param name="headerData">Header data.</param>
        /// <param name="rowPointers">Row pointers.</param>
        /// <returns>Memory stream.</returns>
        public static MemoryStream Create(string documentName, string excelWorkSheetName, IQueryable rowData, string[] headerData, string[] rowPointers)
        {
            return CreateSpreadSheet(documentName, excelWorkSheetName, rowData, headerData, rowPointers, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create the spreadsheet.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="documentName">Excel file name.</param>
        /// <param name="excelWorkSheetName">Excel worksheet name: default: sheet1.</param>
        /// <param name="rowData">Row data to write.</param>
        /// <param name="headerData">Header data.</param>
        /// <param name="rowPointers">Row pointers.</param>
        /// <param name="styleSheet">Style sheet.</param>
        /// <returns>Memory stream.</returns>
        private static MemoryStream CreateSpreadSheet(string documentName, string excelWorkSheetName, IQueryable rowData, string[] headerData, string[] rowPointers, Stylesheet styleSheet)
        {
            int rowNum = 0;
            int colNum = 0;
            int maxWidth = 0;
            int minCol = 1;
            int maxCol = rowPointers == null ? minCol : rowPointers.Length;
            maxCol = maxCol == 1 && headerData == null ? 1 : headerData.Length;

            MemoryStream xmlStream = SpreadsheetReader.Create();
            SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(xmlStream, true);

            SetSheetName(excelWorkSheetName, spreadSheet);

            if (styleSheet == null)
            {
                SetStyleSheet(spreadSheet);
            }
            else
            {
                spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet = styleSheet;
                spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet.Save();
            }

            WorksheetPart worksheetPart = SpreadsheetReader.GetWorksheetPartByName(spreadSheet, excelWorkSheetName);

            WriteHeaders(headerData, out rowNum, out colNum, out maxWidth, spreadSheet, worksheetPart);
            AddCellWidthStyles(Convert.ToUInt32(minCol), Convert.ToUInt32(maxCol), maxWidth, spreadSheet, worksheetPart);

            if (rowPointers == null || rowPointers.Length == 0)
            {
                WriteRowsFromHeaders(rowData, headerData, rowNum, out maxWidth, spreadSheet, worksheetPart);
            }
            else
            {
                WriteRowsFromKeys(rowData, rowPointers, rowNum, out maxWidth, spreadSheet, worksheetPart);
            }

            // Save to the memory stream
            SpreadsheetWriter.Save(spreadSheet);
            spreadSheet.Close();
            spreadSheet.Dispose();
            return xmlStream;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the name of the spreadsheet. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="excelSpreadSheetName">Spread sheet name.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spread sheet.</param>
        private static void SetSheetName(string excelSpreadSheetName, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet)
        {
            excelSpreadSheetName = excelSpreadSheetName ?? DefaultSheetName;

            Sheet ss = spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == DefaultSheetName).SingleOrDefault<Sheet>();
            ss.Name = excelSpreadSheetName;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Add cell width styles. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="minCol">Minimum column index.</param>
        /// <param name="maxCol">Maximum column index.</param>
        /// <param name="maxWidth">Maximum column width.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spread sheet.</param>
        /// <param name="workSheetPart">Work sheet.</param>
        private static void AddCellWidthStyles(uint minCol, uint maxCol, int maxWidth, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheetPart)
        {
            Columns cols = new Columns(new Column() { Min = minCol, Max = maxCol, Width = maxWidth});


            workSheetPart.Worksheet.InsertBefore<Columns>(cols, workSheetPart.Worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the style sheet.
        // Note: Setting the style here rather than passing it in ensures that all worksheets will have a common user interface design.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spread sheet to change.</param>
        private static void SetStyleSheet(SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet)
        {
            // Note: Setting the style here rather than passing it in ensures that all worksheets will have a common user interface design.
            Stylesheet styleSheet = spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet;

            styleSheet.Fonts.AppendChild(
                new Font(new FontSize() { Val = 11 }, new Color() { Rgb = "FFFFFF" }, new FontName() { Val = "Arial" }));

            styleSheet.Fills.AppendChild(new Fill()
            {
                PatternFill = new PatternFill()
                {
                    PatternType = PatternValues.Solid,
                    BackgroundColor = new BackgroundColor() { Rgb = "D8D8D8" }

                }
            });

            spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet.Save();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Save the styl for worksheet headers. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cellLocation">Cell location.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spreadsheet to change.</param>
        /// <param name="workSheetPart">Worksheet to change.</param>
        private static void SeatHeaderStyle(string cellLocation, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheetPart)
        {
            Stylesheet styleSheet = spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet;
            Cell cell = workSheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Cell>().Where(c => c.CellReference == cellLocation).FirstOrDefault();

            if (cell == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("Cell not found");
            }

            cell.SetAttribute(new OpenXmlAttribute("", "s", "", "1"));
            OpenXmlAttribute cellStyleAttribute = cell.GetAttribute("s", "");
            CellFormats cellFormats = spreadSheet.WorkbookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet.CellFormats;

            // pick tthe first cell format.
            CellFormat cellFormat = (CellFormat)cellFormats.ElementAt(0);

            CellFormat cf = new CellFormat(cellFormat.OuterXml);
            cf.FontId = styleSheet.Fonts.Count;
            cf.FillId = styleSheet.Fills.Count;
            cf.Alignment.Horizontal = HorizontalAlignmentValues.General;
            cellFormats.AppendChild(cf);

            int a = (int)styleSheet.CellFormats.Count.Value;

            cell.SetAttribute(cellStyleAttribute);

            cell.StyleIndex = styleSheet.CellFormats.Count;

            workSheetPart.Worksheet.Save();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Replace special characters. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value">Value to input.</param>
        /// <returns>Value with special characters replaced.</returns>
        private static string ReplaceSpecialCharacters(string value)
        {
            value = value.Replace("’", "'");
            value = value.Replace("“", "\"");
            value = value.Replace("”", "\"");
            value = value.Replace("–", "-");
            value = value.Replace("…", "...");
            return value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Write values to the spreadsheet.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cellLocation">Row Column Value.</param>
        /// <param name="strValue">Value to write.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spreadsheet to write to. </param>
        /// <param name="workSheet">Worksheet to write to. </param>
        private static void WriteValues(string cellLocation, string strValue, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheet)
        {
            WorksheetWriter workSheetWriter = new WorksheetWriter(spreadSheet, workSheet);

            int intValue = 0;
            if (strValue.Contains("$"))
            {
                strValue = strValue.Replace("$", "");
                strValue = strValue.Replace(",", "");

                workSheetWriter.PasteValue(cellLocation, strValue, CellValues.Number);
            }
            else if (int.TryParse(strValue, out intValue))
            {
                workSheetWriter.PasteValue(cellLocation, strValue, CellValues.Number);
            }
            else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strValue))
            {
                workSheetWriter.PasteText(cellLocation, strValue);
            }
            else
            {
                workSheetWriter.PasteText(cellLocation, strValue);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Write the excel rows for the spreadsheet.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="rowData">Excel row values.</param>
        /// <param name="rowDataKeys">Excel row-key values.</param>
        /// <param name="rowNum">Row number.</param>
        /// <param name="maxWidth">Max width.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spreadsheet to write to. </param>
        /// <param name="workSheet">Worksheet to write to. </param>
        private static void WriteRowsFromKeys(IQueryable rowData, string[] rowDataKeys, int rowNum, out int maxWidth, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheet)
        {
            maxWidth = 0;

            foreach (object row in rowData)
            {
                int colNum = 0;
                foreach (string rowKey in rowDataKeys)
                {
                    string strValue = row.GetType().GetProperty(rowKey).GetValue(row, null).ToString();
                    strValue = ReplaceSpecialCharacters(strValue);
                    maxWidth = strValue.Length > maxWidth ? strValue.Length : maxWidth;

                    string cellLocation = string.Format("{0}{1}", GetColumnLetter(colNum.ToString()), rowNum);
                    ExcelDocument.WriteValues(cellLocation, strValue, spreadSheet, workSheet);

                    colNum++;
                }

                rowNum++;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Convert column number to alpha numeric value.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="colNumber">Column number.</param>
        /// <returns>ASCII value for number.</returns>
        private static string GetColumnLetter(string colNumber)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(colNumber))
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(colNumber);
            }

            string colName = null;

            try
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < colNumber.Length; i++)
                {
                    string colValue = colNumber.Substring(i, 1);

                    int asc = Convert.ToInt16(colValue) + 65;

                    colName += Convert.ToChar(asc);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                colName = colName ?? "A";
            }

            return colName;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Write the values for the rows from headers.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="rowData">Excel row values.</param>
        /// <param name="headerData">Excel header values.</param>
        /// <param name="rowNum">Row number.</param>
        /// <param name="maxWidth">Max width.</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Spreadsheet to write to. </param>
        /// <param name="workSheet">Worksheet to write to. </param>
        private static void WriteRowsFromHeaders(IQueryable rowData, string[] headerData, int rowNum, out int maxWidth, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheet)
        {
            WorksheetWriter workSheetWriter = new WorksheetWriter(spreadSheet, workSheet);
            maxWidth = 0;

            foreach (object row in rowData)
            {
                int colNum = 0;
                foreach (string header in headerData)
                {
                    string strValue = row.GetType().GetProperty(header).GetValue(row, null).ToString();
                    strValue = ReplaceSpecialCharacters(strValue);
                    maxWidth = strValue.Length > maxWidth ? strValue.Length : maxWidth;

                    string cellLocation = string.Format("{0}{1}", GetColumnLetter(colNum.ToString()), rowNum);

                    ExcelDocument.WriteValues(cellLocation, strValue, spreadSheet, workSheet);
                    colNum++;
                }

                rowNum++;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Write the excel headers for the spreadsheet.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="headerData">Excel header values.</param>
        /// <param name="rowNum">Row number.</param>
        /// <param name="colNum">Column Number.</param>
        /// <param name="maxWidth">Max column width</param>
        /// <param name="spreadSheet">Maximum Column Width to write to. </param>
        /// <param name="workSheet">Worksheet to write to. </param>
        private static void WriteHeaders(string[] headerData, out int rowNum, out int colNum, out int maxWidth, SpreadsheetDocument spreadSheet, WorksheetPart workSheet)
        {
            rowNum = 1;
            colNum = 0;
            maxWidth = 0;

            foreach (string header in headerData)
            {
                string strValue = ReplaceSpecialCharacters(header);

                string cellLocation = string.Format("{0}{1}", GetColumnLetter(colNum.ToString()), rowNum);
                maxWidth = strValue.Length > maxWidth ? strValue.Length : maxWidth;
                maxWidth = strValue.Length+25;
                ExcelDocument.WriteValues(cellLocation, strValue, spreadSheet, workSheet);
                SeatHeaderStyle(cellLocation, spreadSheet, workSheet);
                colNum++;
            }

            rowNum++;
        }
    }
}

我的问题是我的表格中的所有文本都左对齐。我希望它右对齐。表格中的列标题也有黑色背景。我也想改变它的颜色。还有如何给一些硬编码任何单元格中的文本？任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢

4

1 回答 1

8

与其在代码绑定中生成表格的列和标题，不如为其创建一个视图，以便您可以轻松地将内联样式添加到标题和列。

添加新类

public class DownloadFileActionResult : ActionResult
    {
        public string ExcelGridView { get; set; }
        public string fileName { get; set; }

        public DownloadFileActionResult(string gv, string pFileName)
        {
            ExcelGridView = gv;
            fileName = pFileName;

        }


        public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
        {

            //Create a response stream to create and write the Excel file
            HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;
            curContext.Response.Clear();
            curContext.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
            curContext.Response.Charset = "";
            curContext.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.NoCache);
            curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";

            //Open a memory stream that you can use to write back to the response
            byte[] byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ExcelGridView);
            MemoryStream s = new MemoryStream(byteArray);
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s, Encoding.Unicode);

            //Write the stream back to the response
            curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode;
            curContext.Response.Write(sr.ReadToEnd());
            curContext.Response.End();




        }
    }

它继承自ActionResult ，它接受两个参数，一个是字符串格式的视图，另一个是Excel-filename。

//In Controller 

public ActionResult SaveExcel()
{
            string html = RenderPartialViewToString("PartailViewName", model);
            // if your view don't have any model then you can pass as null

            html = html.Replace("\n", "");
            html = html.Replace("\r", "");
            html = html.Replace("  ", "");

            return new DownloadFileActionResult(html, "ExcelSheetName.xls");
}



      protected string RenderPartialViewToString(string viewName, object model)
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewName))
                    viewName = ControllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("action");

                ViewData.Model = model;

                using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
                {
                    ViewEngineResult viewResult = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(ControllerContext, viewName);
                    ViewContext viewContext = new ViewContext(ControllerContext, viewResult.View, ViewData, TempData, sw);
                    viewResult.View.Render(viewContext, sw);
                    return sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString();


         }
    }

PartialView 的返回类型是MvcHtmlString，你可以在控制器中获取它，所以我返回一个方法RenderPartialViewToString，它接受两个参数，一个是ParttailView，另一个是Model，它将返回部分视图的 RenderHtmlString。

创建局部视图

//PartailViewName.cshtml

<table>
     <tr>
        <th style="background-color:Gray;">
            Column1
        </th>
       <th style="background-color:Gray;">
            Column1
        </th>
     </tr>
     <tr>
        <td>
             Coulmn data
        </td>
        <td>
            Coulmn data
        </td>
     </tr>
</table>

注意：视图必须是部分视图 2）您的所有数据必须仅以表结构排列 3）仅提供内联样式。

于 2012-10-29T13:23:24.777 回答