4

我正在尝试使用 chef-solo 在我的服务器上安装 postgresql。我通过自己进行引导并在脚本中手动包含 build-esential 包来完成这项工作。现在我想使用knife-solo 来处理引导程序，但在定义配方的执行顺序时遇到了问题。

我想在 postgresql 之前安装 build-essential 包。这是我正在构建的服务器的 json 文件

{
    "dbuser": "myuser",
    "dbpass": "mypassword",

    "postgresql":{"password":{"postgres":"mypassword"}},
    "passenger":{"version":"3.0.14", "max_pool_size":"2"},
    "default_attributes":{"build_essential":{"compiletime": "true"}},

    "run_list": [ 
        "recipe[build-essential]",
        "role[web_server]",
        "recipe[sqlite]",
        "recipe[postgresql::server]",
        "recipe[pope::default]"
    ]

}

当我发出命令时

knife cook <user>@<my server's ip>

我收到这个错误

WARNING: No knife configuration file found
Checking cookbook syntax...
Checking Chef version
Enter the password for test@<my server's ip>: 

[2012-10-29T16:14:44+11:00] INFO: *** Chef 10.16.2 ***
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Setting the run_list to ["recipe[build-essential]", "role[web_server]", "recipe[sqlite]", "recipe[postgresql::server]", "recipe[mysettings::default]"] from JSON
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Run List is [recipe[build-essential], role[web_server], recipe[sqlite], recipe[postgresql::server], recipe[pope::default]]
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Run List expands to [build-essential, apache2, passenger_apache2, sqlite, postgresql::server, mysettings::default]
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Starting Chef Run for test-VirtualBox
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Running start handlers
[2012-10-29T16:14:45+11:00] INFO: Start handlers complete.
[2012-10-29T16:14:46+11:00] INFO: Processing package[postgresql-client] action install (postgresql::client line 37)
[2012-10-29T16:14:47+11:00] INFO: Processing package[libpq-dev] action install (postgresql::client line 37)
[2012-10-29T16:14:47+11:00] INFO: Processing package[make] action install (postgresql::client line 37)
[2012-10-29T16:14:47+11:00] INFO: Processing gem_package[pg] action install (postgresql::client line 42)

================================================================================
Error executing action `install` on resource 'gem_package[pg]'
================================================================================

Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed
------------------------------------
Expected process to exit with [0], but received '1'
---- Begin output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
STDOUT: Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
STDERR: ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --without-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib


Gem files will remain installed in /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1/ext/gem_make.out
---- End output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
Ran /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" returned 1

Cookbook Trace:
---------------
/tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/client.rb:44:in `from_file'
/tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/server.rb:24:in `from_file'

Resource Declaration:
---------------------
# In /tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/client.rb

 42: gem_package "pg" do
 43:   action :nothing
 44: end.run_action(:install)

Compiled Resource:
------------------
# Declared in /tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/client.rb:42:in `from_file'

gem_package("pg") do
  provider Chef::Provider::Package::Rubygems
  action [:nothing]
  retries 0
  retry_delay 2
  package_name "pg"
  version "0.14.1"
  cookbook_name :postgresql
  recipe_name "client"
  gem_binary "/opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem"
end


================================================================================
Recipe Compile Error in /tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/server.rb
================================================================================

Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed
------------------------------------
gem_package[pg] (postgresql::client line 42) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '1'
---- Begin output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
STDOUT: Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
STDERR: ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --without-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib


Gem files will remain installed in /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1/ext/gem_make.out
---- End output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
Ran /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" returned 1

Cookbook Trace:
---------------
  /tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/client.rb:44:in `from_file'
  /tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/server.rb:24:in `from_file'

Relevant File Content:
----------------------
/tmp/chef-solo/cookbooks/postgresql/recipes/client.rb:

 37:    package pg_pack do
 38:      action :nothing
 39:    end.run_action(:install)
 40:  end
 41:  
 42:  gem_package "pg" do
 43:    action :nothing
 44>> end.run_action(:install)
 45:  

[2012-10-29T16:15:03+11:00] ERROR: Running exception handlers
[2012-10-29T16:15:03+11:00] ERROR: Exception handlers complete
[2012-10-29T16:15:03+11:00] FATAL: Stacktrace dumped to /tmp/chef-solo/chef-stacktrace.out
[2012-10-29T16:15:03+11:00] FATAL: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: gem_package[pg] (postgresql::client line 42) had an error: Mixlib::ShellOut::ShellCommandFailed: Expected process to exit with [0], but received '1'
---- Begin output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
STDOUT: Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
STDERR: ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/opt/chef/embedded/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pqlib
    --without-pqlib
    --with-libpqlib
    --without-libpqlib
    --with-ms/libpqlib
    --without-ms/libpqlib


Gem files will remain installed in /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.14.1/ext/gem_make.out
---- End output of /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" ----
Ran /opt/chef/embedded/bin/gem install pg -q --no-rdoc --no-ri -v "0.14.1" returned 1
4

1 回答 1

7

最简单的解决方案是更新您本地的 postgresql 食谱。您观察到的问题已在最新版本的说明书中得到修复（所有版本 >= 1.0.0）。

现在他们是怎么解决的？首先，您会注意到客户端配方被拆分为client.rb和ruby.rb。前者只是安装 OS 包，后者是 Ruby gem 以在随后的 Chef 运行中使用。正如您所观察到的，该 gem 的安装需要先安装 build-essentials。这由build-essential cookbook 使用的一个新属性控制，称为node['build-essential']['compile_time']. 这可以确保在编译期间安装所需的包，即直接在包含 build-essential 配方时安装。

要理解为什么这很重要，您必须了解一点关于Chef Run 的剖析，即执行食谱源代码时的编译时间与构建用于稍后转换的资源集合之间的差异以及以下收敛执行资源以将系统移向预期状态。

通常，大多数实际更改是在收敛阶段完成的。然而，有时有必要在编译阶段之前构建一些东西，以便能够使用它来决定要准确定义哪些资源，就像这里的情况一样。当我们提前安装pggem 时，我们可以使用它来提前与数据库对话，例如决定是否创建数据库。

于 2012-10-29T08:21:07.367 回答