我正在构建一个库来与驱动我们的 iPad 客户端的后端进行通信。
所有请求的基本结构是:
{
"metaData":{ JSON Object that is not important for this question },
"requestData":
{
"nonce":"random string",
"params":"JSON string containing request data"
}
"checksum":"hash of JSON string representing value of requestData",
"connectionString":"someIdentifier"
}
对于我遇到问题的特定情况是 requestData 具有以下结构:
{
"requestData":
{
"nonce":"random string",
"params":
"{\"userId\":1,\"formData\":\"encrypted string, then Base 64 encoded on iPad\"}"
}
"checksum":"hashed value of string representation of requestData"
}
NSLog
用于生成校验和的字符串(由 打印)的示例是:
{"params":"{\"groupId\":3,\"formData\":\"SExvR0J1ZkJSQkhObU5xZkiEXdBede2moVN3LtMDZlxcXYVj7Uz!BFdiQC9SwxIhrrcGv2GtWJzjqMhHzdFDZW568tbnLTKQ9931efrpjtvqlK9mudInXj0FQdBLY0M6f9zBlLu6TcQ7sA6AD15DF0HyUPIi4fnc90ZV7omGqRpyI412aGSpDPJEbCUBSY5WMUFJqRstyK1+Qo0vmN8uMprztDIyEFufP24DHHtYZHVAic8Sg8CxbsUTTYDgDc!0ASQwahEgy1sWkMP!BVpK8VU7quXDdIJrxbSNL7OO4tsJrHIXyhhK7ZUNKMaZX+fBSdw6DbNtTM86K0X4NSRXPVLE0EAklAJ2OpMDBsoz9k!jhCba5gRXY7r48USpsMyyj1v8SsDKn58FsvDxsdCrPY77KmIX3Icy!n3iA!lBfc3ol6c90wkwPSqNvnO7uRDYrfbP1c0zRYSXbLTQvHLLdfAWKariCKtNg6YAXNfgQ6lWFRXce8flHgUz6E7rkt9tjc9i4K+EjcL10H+E3AGkidYPGtQOm1vey!M8oineM!Cgg3VcvNCv!yN90iq3T+tqI0ivvBnh+1aCw2H90tnNm8Gi+XCrIdhORN3QjSkkNbpfoSCLoIkuBmXlNuTskaJ4nnV3kHrmU!4hYMeZIIZ8OnZWPpU47xJi!kh3MDdI2c+WorT+y+M5XwcQO6jGv3tXyRVBy!ne+sSnU!InISm7x1VQjJLmjULMnqxRDoZatBsofxICJysEUaDJvgwZasMJpQk1zyrPraBWBJ0lVVaWhH5OTi6U0!hHNVs5Xf+H23JxmPpUNWqNvsAGfnTfY!kSoiLoSxEocICK8zsJFMc69101DNAanayf!MjFFDeFRlzpKhcRON7cxDfvBdSoc9hL1lcMzFbLemrL1w8jNNMfKlY7QDZ5ebOERJMjY0!o8znlxOa0ViuJ++O7+QrT!mGdSQYGh3NJ3MK1IdJkXuFpY!guyXOgohTsqcD0DZSk84OsI76L18snFvs4qMHw9SUf3l0jWPxbTYimmlM3DVUR7Sn7xOsGmQGcwpGK1tinlIDA+w8Ci+CLWESsjZ5QDQCr\",\"internalFormId\":\"MTN13511759141\",\"userId\":1,\"code\":\"\",\"_queuedSubmission\":false,\"groupName\":\"LDMAdmin\",\"saleType\":\"1\",\"formTableName\":\"myTableName\",\"emailName\":\"default\"}","nonce":"XqfK9Nxwuggw4m"}
当我检查服务器日志时,我发现设备上生成的校验和不等于服务器上生成的校验和(在 PHP 中,区分大小写不是问题),因此身份验证失败。
失败的结构的一个例子是:
PageManager.m - 905 -> Final Request:
{
"checksum":"9D51170D1510C4081936870D11E96C869DB26B895393B9C14B2A6BC3C1F10F23",
"connectionString":"testBed",
"metaData":
{
"accessToken":"myAccessToken",
"appId":"myAppID",
"deviceId":"1X:1X:1X:1X:1X:1X",
"groupId":3,
"groupName":"LDMAdmin",
"timestamp":1351018002.780379,
"userId":1,
"useragent":"iPhone OS",
"username":"admin"
},
"requestData":
{
"nonce":"1iezcBdjbE",
"params":"{\"groupId\":3,\"formData\":\"Tnh3dWdndzRtRmdxSFNmN/NXCIQSukpx3+mhmbNQh0PTGbLlEFoDinyrq3wRJGZ+8sQ/+xcjS4cU7evluipxqQDZIOvp4ZcoDnxTPeqBZJrG/bq5FHR6PVCYK2DaLHfj025z/H3RM8dUEoWcrTLqSUcW+E7Mfl8ZCApqJMxSa8eYYqLT7tm7r1SC+bjXNOQZLTC2laFhihQ5hLKqFFnO/z3AlUYAAUhKKD1lWIipnJUUNoyHdWuuOobMSS1ZZP5f5f+RTFsmGZUDe6qX6h2cjIQ2+VGPIsP//gqwO4iDx/FdHD+xrjCyEgL2Va/m/Z+ANxCr3DN2o2Jnwg8B8QycFN2tGrgusseAgoa9Ng9LRgooZW+KuECWDhorHzvuv2rOlhOskymj4XTu8890ZMJbcr1Ic6zwztm82R1qKaoy1o6gIbUNtVZFSqUlP8TO7mWHKr3Y8Awn7ih9HzSOg1486EDL4OjfOR9J2pw1jbK7ZJb7LxzrWFgoyrwDBAw3q7PrV4Ml9ngI6oXOh3veAq/wulyBOdF46n7evqIkAKg4FYdvzmFKd2bgOpxwBlAI7vL2IiC4v8GXI5977SkPPEKUZHXWmfrgr/VzF79gIxJDqV9N0ceAcgY8bWbBXf7DLd9H82obFa60yZBo5/MBjq9SNuD08vJEEauVGs4wfDr9+xzsr3z+plqxAejODdxKfF48Ra21L8Xozozv5papTP9cpGVU11mCWj+no5gtM0VQKRB7IQcpDWjQgQyThN2aoE06ecA2gY5SSXN0XHVRw5OKM0/rlNIuMiqow5wqHLl41IzDSF2HuJKj06Lv8t5CLLOd9rkOjYw6w8SrbsZeG5jwagJkyQ0UuKu+PIoIc2DJnUWDC5iqlb0TO9nPDNFKad+MYlfgDR0CxR+3ddkqWNBNSW5rsh5QZDlJHDjhQFLkuqiiRAnMvKOcbqAnXIZ9EuAo/DkcmtGPHkEyEaA2cb3mXysBP49jhY0m/qinloza+j3d7Kb/Fu35U929fOxH6+W+5oZv/r+a9KvkDhPoRwiFouVwTtTOwbjVDT+NEg2OUfDaEYbQ/RbM7i6X+XjSkZMLYsRs1Q9CwdBabY860uBNFQ==\",\"internalFormId\":\"MTN13510178111\",\"userId\":1,\"code\":\"\",\"_queuedSubmission\":false,\"groupName\":\"LDMAdmin\",\"saleType\":\"1\",\"formTableName\":\"myTableName\",\"emailName\":\"default\"}"
},
"url":"http://myurl.com/myAction"
}
它formData
是通过创建JSON
所需数据的字符串、加密该字符串并将生成的NSData
对象编码为 base 64 字符串来生成的。是通过获取表示值的字符串的checksum
哈希值(使用 SHA256)生成的。JSON
requestData
requestData
转换为 JSON 字符串,并使用以下内容进行哈希处理:
+(NSString *)hmacSHA256:(NSString *)string withKey:(NSString *)key {
NSString *hash = 0;
NSData *hmac = 0;
NSMutableString *temp = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@""];
#ifdef DEBUG
NSLog( @"%s - %d -> Values:\nString: %@\nKey: %@", __FILE__, __LINE__, string, key );
#endif
const char *cKey = [key cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
const char *cData = [string cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
unsigned char cHMAC[CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
unsigned char *digest;
unsigned int dLength;
CCHmac( kCCHmacAlgSHA256, cKey, strlen(cKey), cData, strlen(cData), cHMAC );
hmac = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:cHMAC length:sizeof(cHMAC)];
digest = (unsigned char *)[hmac bytes];
dLength = hmac.length;
for ( int i = 0; i < dLength; ++i )
[temp appendFormat:@"%02X", digest[i]];
hash = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:temp];
return hash;
}
PHP 脚本使用 stock 函数来生成哈希:
protected static function _generateChecksum($data, $key, $output)
{
$jsonData = json_encode($data);
log_message('error', 'encoded string is: '.$jsonData);
$checksum = hash_hmac('sha256', $jsonData, $key);
//log_message('error', 'Checksum pre encode: '.$checksum);
// if($output == true)
// {
// $checksum = base64_encode($checksum);
// }
return $checksum;
}
哈希值与请求中发送的哈希值进行比较。
服务器日志示例:
ERROR - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> Encoded Checksum recieved is: 14F03A1DCAEA9DBBC7EC8CA1D666D89C391760AA246C91B52164D526AC83E5E5
DEBUG - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> Model Class Initialized
DEBUG - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> Model Class Initialized
DEBUG - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> Database Driver Class Initialized
ERROR - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> encoded string is: {"params":"{\"groupId\":3,\"formData\":\"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\",\"internalFormId\":\"MTNC13510277491\",\"userId\":1,\"code\":\"\",\"_queuedSubmission\":false,\"groupName\":\"LDMAdmin\",\"saleType\":\"1\",\"formTableName\":\"myTableName\",\"emailName\":\"default\"}","nonce":"gw4m"}
ERROR - 2012-10-23 21:31:16 --> Encoded Checksum expected is: 8d999d76e48907905e701da3ccdbccb4061d05ed5a7c18b58507b6e6352fb1f5
但是,应用程序的其他组件使用相同的结构(减去 base 64 编码)的行为与设计和预期的一样。checksum
使用与上述示例相同的方法和密钥生成。例子:
{
"requestData":
{
"nonce":"random string",
"params":"{\"latitude\":37.7,\"longitude\":-122.4}"
}
"checksum":"hashed value of the string representation of requestData"
}
我不知道为什么服务器上的 PHP 脚本会在上述失败的情况下生成不同的哈希值。有没有人遇到过这种类型的问题?
更新:
我SBJson
用于将我的数据结构编码和解码为 JSON 字符串(链接)。
更新 2:
根据迄今为止发生的讨论,不能保证 JSON 对象(或者在我的情况下是NSDictionary
)被序列化为JSON
字符串的顺序。但如果是这样的话,我不明白为什么在以明文形式发送数据的情况下,在服务器上生成相同的哈希值,而在某些数据是 base 64 字符串形式的情况下,不同的哈希值是在服务器和客户端之间生成。
唯一的解决方案(可能不是正确的解决方案)是/
从 base 64 字母表中删除(我将其替换为!
)。我很确定这会在尝试解码服务器端的字符串时引起问题。
在这一点上,我想了解正斜杠如何导致此问题。