我有需要验证的字符串，例如
'AB01MCD10werdfGhjklOP01DEF03124'
它以 开头AB，后跟一个两个字符的数字，它告诉我们 'AB' 后面有多少个字符（在这种情况下是01，只有 1 个字符是 M）。后面应该是CD, 再次具有相同的行为，然后是OP，这是可选的，即该OP组可能存在也可能不存在。最后它应该以EFgr结尾
我想验证 A1 中的字符串并将验证结果放在 B1 中。
如果验证成功，B1 应该有Validation Success，否则Error:Expected 'CD', but found 'blah。
请让我知道最好的方法 - 是使用公式还是宏？
这RegExp 验证了一个字符串：
如果这是您想要的字符串，那么我将调整该Len部分以标记测试中断的位置（即错误：预期的“CD”）。尽管我注意到您可能会遇到最多 4 个潜在问题，而不是示例中的单个问题）。
如果您对任何字符（来自 Chris 的代码将接受）而不是您提供的字母和数字示例感到满意，那么RegExp可以简化。
Sub Test()
Debug.Print Validator("AB01MCD10werdfGhjklOP01DEF03124") ' TRUE with optionalOP
Debug.Print Validator("AB01MCD10werdfGhjklEF03124") ' TRUE without optional OP
Debug.Print Validator("AB01MCD10weardfGhjklOP01DEF03124") ' fail as CD string is too long
End Sub
Function Validator(strIn As String) As Boolean
Dim objRegex As Object
Dim objRegexM As Object
Set objRegex = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With objRegex
.Pattern = "AB(\d{2})([a-z]+)CD(\d{2})([a-z]+)((?=OP)OP(\d{2})([a-z]+)){0,1}EF(\d{2})(\d+)"
.ignoreCase = True
If .Test(strIn) Then
Set objRegexM = .Execute(strIn)
With objRegexM(0)
Validator = Len(.submatches(1)) = CLng(.submatches(0)) And Len(.submatches(3)) = CLng(.submatches(2)) And Len(.submatches(6)) = CLng(.submatches(5)) And Len(.submatches(8)) = CLng(.submatches(7))
End With
End If
End With
End Function
基于EF术语也是形式EFnn<n characters>，试试这个
Function CheckString(r As Range) As String
Dim str As String
Dim substr As String
Dim v As Long
str = r.Value
If Left$(str, 2) = "AB" Then
str = Mid$(str, 3)
substr = Left$(str, 2)
str = Mid$(str, 3)
If IsNumeric(substr) Then
v = Val(substr)
str = Mid$(str, v + 1)
' CD
If Left$(str, 2) = "CD" Then
str = Mid$(str, 3)
substr = Left$(str, 2)
str = Mid$(str, 3)
If IsNumeric(substr) Then
v = Val(substr)
str = Mid$(str, v + 1)
' OP or EF
If Left$(str, 2) = "OP" Then
str = Mid$(str, 3)
substr = Left$(str, 2)
str = Mid$(str, 3)
If IsNumeric(substr) Then
v = Val(substr)
str = Mid$(str, v + 1)
' EF
If Left$(str, 2) = "EF" Then
str = Mid$(str, 3)
substr = Left$(str, 2)
str = Mid$(str, 3)
If IsNumeric(substr) Then
v = Val(substr)
If Len(str) = v Then
CheckString = "Validation Success"
Else
' No more after EF
CheckString = "Error: Expecting " & v & " characters after EF"
End If
Else
' number follows EF
CheckString = "Error: Expected number following EF"
End If
Else
CheckString = "Error: Expecting EF"
End If
Else
' number follows CD
CheckString = "Error: Expected number following CD"
End If
' EF
ElseIf Left$(str, 2) = "EF" Then
str = Mid$(str, 3)
substr = Left$(str, 2)
str = Mid$(str, 3)
If IsNumeric(substr) Then
v = Val(substr)
If Len(str) = v Then
CheckString = "Validation Success"
Else
' No more after EF
CheckString = "Error: Expecting " & v & " characters after EF"
End If
Else
' number follows EF
CheckString = "Error: Expected number following EF"
End If
Else
CheckString = "Error: Expecting EF"
End If
Else
' number follows CD
CheckString = "Error: Expected number following CD"
End If
Else
' Begin with "CD"
CheckString = "Error: Expected CD"
End If
Else
' number follows AB
CheckString = "Error: Expected number following AB"
End If
Else
' Begin with "AB"
CheckString = "Error: Expected AB"
End If
End Function
这是第一次破解，可能有更好的方法，正则表达式不是我的事，但它适用于示例：
Public Function ValString(strInput As String) As String
Static regEx As Object
Dim x As Long
Dim temp$
Dim matches As Object
If regEx Is Nothing Then Set regEx = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With regEx
.Pattern = "^AB([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "AB") + 2, 2)) & "})CD([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "CD") + 2, 2)) & "})(OP([0-9]{2})[A-Za-z]+EF[0-9]+|EF[0-9]+)$"
Set matches = .Execute(strInput)
If .Test(strInput) Then
ValString = "Validation Success"
Exit Function
Else
.Pattern = "(AB|CD|EF)"
.Global = True
Set matches = .Execute(strInput)
If matches.Count > 0 Then
temp$ = "ABCDEF"
For x = 0 To matches.Count - 1
temp$ = Replace(temp$, matches(x), vbNullString)
ValString = ValString & ",'" & matches(x) & "'"
Next x
If Len(temp$) > 1 Then
ValString = "Error:Expected '" & temp$ & "', Found " & Right(ValString, Len(ValString) - 1)
Else
ValString = "Error:Paramaters Found, invalid string"
End If
Else
ValString = "Error:Expected 'CD', Found nothing"
End If
End If
End With
End Function
根据 Chris 的建议，经过编辑以强制 AB 和 CD 后面的 2 位数字指示以下字符的长度
如果 Characters OP 遵循相同的模式，那么您可以使用：
.Pattern = "^AB([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "AB") + 2, 2)) & "})CD([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "CD") + 2, 2)) & "})(OP([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "OP") + 2, 2)) & "})EF[0-9]+|EF[0-9]+)$"
如上所述，但 EF 也遵循相同的模式，但仅适用于数字：
.Pattern = "^AB([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "AB") + 2, 2)) & "})CD([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "CD") + 2, 2)) & "})(OP([0-9]{2})([A-Za-z]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "OP") + 2, 2)) & "})(EF[0-9]{2})([0-9]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "EF") + 2, 2)) & "})|(EF[0-9]{2})([0-9]{" & Val(Mid(strInput, InStr(1, strInput, "EF") + 2, 2)) & "}))$"
我写了这个函数来为你完成这项工作。但是如果你有超过 AB/CD/EF 那么你将不得不相应地修改代码
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim A1 As String
Dim B1 As String
A1 = "AB01MCD10werdfGhjklOP01DEF03124"
B1 = CodeValidate(A1)
MsgBox B1
End Sub
Function CodeValidate(ByVal TXT As String) As String
Dim AB As Boolean
Dim CD As Boolean
Dim EF As Boolean
Dim OP As Boolean
Dim NextCounter As Integer
Dim Buffer As String
Dim result As String
For i = 1 To Len(TXT)
Buffer = Buffer & Mid(TXT, i, 1)
If Len(Buffer) = 2 Then
'============
Select Case Buffer
Case "AB"
If AB = False And CD = False And EF = False Then
AB = True
NextCounter = Val(Mid(TXT, i + 1, 2))
i = i + 2 + NextCounter
Buffer = ""
Else
result = "Error: Duplicate [AB] found at position " & i & "."
Exit For
End If
Case "CD"
If AB = True And CD = False And EF = False Then
CD = True
NextCounter = Val(Mid(TXT, i + 1, 2))
i = i + 2 + NextCounter
Buffer = ""
Else
result = "Error: Duplicate [CD] found at position " & i & "."
Exit For
End If
Case "EF"
If AB = True And CD = True And EF = False Then
EF = True
NextCounter = Val(Mid(TXT, i + 1, 2))
i = i + 2 + NextCounter
Buffer = ""
Else
result = "Error: Duplicate [EF] found at position " & i & "."
Exit For
End If
Case "OP"
If OP = False Then
OP = True
NextCounter = Val(Mid(TXT, i + 1, 2))
i = i + 2 + NextCounter
Buffer = ""
Else
result = "Error: Duplicate [OP] found at position " & i & "."
Exit For
End If
Case Else
If AB = False Then
result = "Error: Expecting [AB] but found [" & Buffer & "] at position " & i & "."
Exit For
ElseIf AB = True And CD = False Then
result = "Error: Expecting [CD] but found [" & Buffer & "] at position " & i & "."
Exit For
ElseIf AB = True And CD = True And EF = False Then
result = "Error: Expecting [EF] but found [" & Buffer & "] at position " & i & "."
Exit For
End If
End Select
'============
End If
Next
If result = "" Then
result = "Validation Success"
End If
CodeValidate = result
End Function