我有以下简单的 MySQL 查询:
SELECT SQL_NO_CACHE mainID
FROM tableName
WHERE otherID3=19
AND dateStartCol >= '2012-08-01'
AND dateStartCol <= '2012-08-31';
当我运行它时,需要 0.29 秒才能带回 36074 个结果。当我增加我的日期周期以带回更多结果(65703)时,它运行在 0.56。当我在同一台服务器上但在不同的表(有些表更大)上运行其他类似的 SQL 查询时,结果会在大约 0.01 秒内返回。
虽然 0.29 并不慢 - 这是复杂查询的基本部分,而且这个时间意味着它不可扩展。
有关表定义和索引,请参见下文。
我知道这不是服务器负载,因为我在使用很少的开发服务器上遇到了同样的问题。
+---------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| mainID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| otherID1 | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| otherID2 | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| otherID3 | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| keyword | varchar(200) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| dateStartCol | date | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| timeStartCol | time | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| dateEndCol | date | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| timeEndCol | time | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| statusCode | int(1) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| uRL | text | NO | | NULL | |
| hostname | varchar(200) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| IPAddress | varchar(25) | YES | | NULL | |
| cookieVal | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| keywordVal | varchar(60) | NO | | NULL | |
| dateTimeCol | datetime | NO | MUL | NULL | |
+---------------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
+--------------------+------------+-------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment |
+--------------------+------------+-------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+
| tableName | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | mainID | A | 661990 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_otherID1 | 1 | otherID1 | A | 330995 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_otherID2 | 1 | otherID2 | A | 25 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_otherID3 | 1 | otherID3 | A | 48 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_dateStartCol | 1 | dateStartCol | A | 187 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_timeStartCol | 1 | timeStartCol | A | 73554 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
|tableName | 1 | idx_dateEndCol | 1 | dateEndCol | A | 188 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
|tableName | 1 | idx_timeEndCol | 1 | timeEndCol | A | 73554 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_keyword | 1 | keyword | A | 82748 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_hostname | 1 | hostname | A | 2955 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_dateTimeCol | 1 | dateTimeCol | A | 220663 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
| tableName | 1 | idx_statusCode | 1 | statusCode | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | |
+--------------------+------------+-------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+
解释输出:
+----+-------------+-----------+-------+----------------------------------+-------------------+---------+------+-------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+-----------+-------+----------------------------------+-------------------+---------+------+-------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | tableName | range | idx_otherID3,idx_dateStartCol | idx_dateStartCol | 3 | NULL | 66875 | 75.00 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-----------+-------+----------------------------------+-------------------+---------+------+-------+----------+-------------+