我需要一些认真的帮助来理解 C++ 中的链接列表我想使用我几周前使用数组结构编写的程序并将它们转换为链接列表并添加几个新函数。我最担心的是我对链接列表没有信心,并且一直在这里和其他网站上花费时间来获取有关它们的知识。但是我找不到可以帮助我解决我现在面临的问题的来源。
这是我的原始代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MAX 100
struct YouTubeVideo {
char video_name[1024]; // YouTube video name
int video_ranking; // Number of viewer hits
char video_url[1024]; // YouTube URL
};
struct YouTubeVideo Collection[MAX];
int tail = 0;
//-- Forward Declaration --//
void printall();
void insertion();
void sort();
void branching(char option);
void menu();
void load_file();
void save_file();
int main()
{
char ch;
load_file();
printf("\n\nWelcome to CSE240: YouTube Classic Hits\n");
do {
menu();
fflush(stdin); // Flush the standard input buffer
ch = tolower(getchar()); // read a char, convert to lower case
branching(ch);
} while (ch != 'q');
return 0;
}
void menu()
{
printf("\nMenu Options\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("i: Insert a new favorite\n");
printf("p: Review your list\n");
printf("q: Save and quit\n");
printf("\n\nPlease enter a choice (i, p, or q) ---> ");
}
void branching(char option)
{
switch(option)
{
case 'i':
insertion();
sort();
break;
case 'p':
printall();
break;
case 'q':
save_file();
break;
default:
printf("\nError: Invalid Input. Please try again...");
break;
}
}
void insertion()
{
if(tail < MAX)
{
printf("\nWhat is the name of the video? (No spaces characters allowed)\n");
scanf("%s", Collection[tail].video_name);
printf("\nHow many viewer hits does this video have?\n");
scanf("%d", &Collection[tail].video_ranking);
printf("\nPlease enter the URL: ");
scanf("%s", Collection[tail].video_url);
tail++;
}
else
{
printf("\nERROR: Your collection is full. Cannot add new entries.\n");
}
}
void sort()
{
int i = 0, j = 0;
struct YouTubeVideo temp;
for(i = 0; i < tail; i++)
{
for(j = i+1; j < tail; j++)
{
if(Collection[i].video_ranking < Collection[j].video_ranking)
{
temp = Collection[i];
Collection[i] = Collection[j];
Collection[j] = temp;
}
}
}
//RA: I think it's easier (and faster) to assume your current list is already
// sorted and then insert your new element into the correct position. (You
// can show this maintains a sorted list by induction.)
printf("\nSorting Complete...\n");
}
void printall()
{
int i;
printf("\nCollections: \n");
for(i = 0; i < tail; i++)
{
printf("\nVideo Name: %s", Collection[i].video_name);
printf("\nRanking (Hits): %d", Collection[i].video_ranking);
printf("\nURL: %s", Collection[i].video_url);
printf("\n");
}
}
void save_file() {
FILE *fileName; // declare a pointer to File type
char ch;
int index = 0;
fileName = fopen("ranking.dbm", "wb"); // "b" for binary mode
// ìwî for write
if(fileName != NULL)
{
fwrite(&tail, sizeof(int), 1, fileName); // Write tail to the file for later retrieval.
for(index = 0; index < tail; index++)
{
fwrite(&Collection[index].video_name, 1024, 1, fileName);
fwrite(&Collection[index].video_ranking, sizeof(int), 1, fileName);
fwrite(&Collection[index].video_url, 1024, 1, fileName);
}
fclose(fileName);
}
else
printf ("ERROR: Could not open file for saving data !\n");
}
void load_file() {
FILE *fileName; // declare a pointer to File type
int index = 0;
fileName = fopen("ranking.dbm", "rb"); // "b" for binary mode
// ìrî for read
if(fileName != NULL) {
fread(&tail, sizeof(int), 1, fileName);
for(index = 0; index < tail; index++)
{
fread(Collection[index].video_name, 1024, 1, fileName);
fread(&Collection[index].video_ranking, sizeof(int), 1, fileName);
fread(Collection[index].video_url, 1024, 1, fileName);
}
fclose(fileName);
}
else
printf ("ERROR: Could not open file for loading data !\n");
}
这些是我应该做的确切说明:
Convert the “YouTubeVideo” array structure (Collection) into a linked-list. The program must sort (by “video_name”) the entries as they are inserted into the linked-list. [30 points] (*Note: You will lose 10 points if the linked list is not sorted.)
现在,根据我目前的理解,我已经尽我所能尝试了,但我现在遇到了问题。
这是我尝试解决方案的代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 100
struct YouTubeVideo
{
char name[1024]; // YouTube video name
int ranking; // Number of viewer hits
char url[1024]; // YouTube URL
};
struct YouTubeVideo Collection[MAX];
int tail = 0;
//-- Forward Declaration --//
void printall();
void insertion();
void branching(char option);
void menu();
int main()
{
char ch;
// TODO: Add code to load save data from file
cout << "\n\nWelcome to CSE240: YouTube Classic Hits\n";
do {
menu();
cin >> ch; // read a char, convert to lower case
cin.ignore();
ch = tolower(ch);
branching(ch);
} while (ch != 'q');
return 0;
}
void menu()
{
cout << "\nMenu Options\n";
cout << "------------------------------------------------------\n";
cout << "i: Insert a new favorite\n";
cout << "p: Review your list\n";
cout << "s: Search\n";
cout << "d: Delete an entry\n";
cout << "q: Save and quit\n";
cout << "\n\nPlease enter a choice (i, p, s, d, or q) ---> ";
}
void branching(char option)
{
switch(option)
{
case 'i':
insertion();
break;
case 'p':
printall();
break;
case 's':
// TODO: Add code to search for a particular node by name
break;
case 'd':
// TODO: Add code to remove a node
break;
case 'q':
// TODO: Add code to save data into a file
break;
default:
cout << "\nError: Invalid Input. Please try again...";
break;
}
}
void insertion() { // insert a new entry
struct YouTubeVideo *p, *temp;
p = (struct YouTubeVideo *) malloc(sizeof(struct YouTubeVideo)); if (p == 0) {
printf("out of memory\n"); return; }
printf("Enter Video name, Views, URL: \n"); scanf("%s", p->name); // p->name is array scanf("%d", &p->phone);
scanf("%s", p->ranking);
temp = head;
if ((head == NULL)||(strcmp(p->name, temp->name) <=0)) {
p->next = head;
head = p;
}
else {
while (temp->next != NULL) {
if (stricmp(p->name, temp->next->name) <=0) { p->next = temp->next;
temp->next = p;
return;
} else
temp = temp->next; }
p->next = NULL;
temp->next = p;
} }
void printall()
{
int i;
cout << "\nCollections: \n";
for(i = 0; i < tail; i++)
{
cout << "\nVideo Name: " << Collection[i].name << "\n";
cout << "\nRanking (Hits): " << Collection[i].ranking << "\n";
cout << "\nURL: " << Collection[i].url << "\n";
cout << "\n";
}
}
我遇到的问题是我insertion
收到错误undeclared identifier head
并且no member named next in YouTubeVideo
. 我尝试在很多地方放置和声明它们,但似乎无法修复这些错误。
我真的很感激你能给我的一些帮助和任何可能的知识。我真的给了这个很大的努力,但我只是被困住了。