可能重复:
在 C 中使用分隔符拆分字符串
我正在寻找一种使用分隔符将 char* “分解”为其他 char* 的好方法。
我的分隔符将是#
您可以strtok
像 CrazyCasta 所说的那样使用,但他/她的代码是错误的。
char *tok;
char *src = malloc(strlen(srcStr) + 1);
memcpy(src, srcStr);
tok = strtok(src, "#");
if(tok == NULL)
{
printf("no tokens found");
free(src);
return ???;
}
printf("%s ; ", tok);
while((tok = strtok(NULL, "#")))
printf("%s ; ", tok);
printf("\n");
free(str);
请注意,strtok
必须第一次使用源指针调用,之后您必须使用NULL
. 也src
必须是可写的,因为strtok
写入\0
会终止找到的字符串。因此,根据您阅读字符串的方式(以及以后是否要使用它),您应该复制它。但正如我所说,这并不总是必要的。
编辑:
一个explode
函数可能如下所示:
char *strdup(const char *src)
{
char *tmp = malloc(strlen(src) + 1);
if(tmp)
strcpy(tmp, src);
return tmp;
}
void explode(const char *src, const char *tokens, char ***list, size_t *len)
{
if(src == NULL || list == NULL || len == NULL)
return;
char *str, *copy, **_list = NULL, **tmp;
*list = NULL;
*len = 0;
copy = strdup(src);
if(copy == NULL)
return;
str = strtok(copy, tokens);
if(str == NULL)
goto free_and_exit;
_list = realloc(NULL, sizeof *_list);
if(_list == NULL)
goto free_and_exit;
_list[*len] = strdup(str);
if(_list[*len] == NULL)
goto free_and_exit;
(*len)++;
while((str = strtok(NULL, tokens)))
{
tmp = realloc(_list, (sizeof *_list) * (*len + 1));
if(tmp == NULL)
goto free_and_exit;
_list = tmp;
_list[*len] = strdup(str);
if(_list[*len] == NULL)
goto free_and_exit;
(*len)++;
}
free_and_exit:
*list = _list;
free(copy);
}
那么你必须调用它:
char **list;
size_t i, len;
explode("this;is;a;string", ";", &list, &len);
for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
printf("%d: %s\n", i+1, list[i]);
/* free list */
for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
free(list[i]);
free(list);
这是一个使用 valgrind 运行的示例:
valgrind ./a
==18675== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==18675== Copyright (C) 2002-2010, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==18675== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==18675== Command: ./a
==18675==
1: this
2: is
3: a
4: string
==18675==
==18675== HEAP SUMMARY:
==18675== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==18675== total heap usage: 9 allocs, 9 frees, 114 bytes allocated
==18675==
==18675== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==18675==
==18675== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==18675== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 4 from 4)
通常这是strtok函数的用途:
char* tok;
tok = strtok(srcStr, "#");
while(tok != NULL)
{
// Do stuff with tok
tok = strtok(NULL, "#");
}