我需要能够渲染到纹理，然后将该纹理绘制到全屏四边形。通过公然复制 lwjgl 教程，我能够制作一个带纹理的移动四边形，但我不能让它渲染到纹理：
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;
import org.lwjgl.BufferUtils;
import org.lwjgl.LWJGLException;
import org.lwjgl.input.Keyboard;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextAttribs;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.Display;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.DisplayMode;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL12;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL13;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL20;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL30;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL32;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.PixelFormat;
import org.lwjgl.util.glu.GLU;
import org.lwjgl.util.vector.Matrix4f;
import org.lwjgl.util.vector.Vector3f;
import de.matthiasmann.twl.utils.PNGDecoder;
import de.matthiasmann.twl.utils.PNGDecoder.Format;
public class TheQuadExampleMovingFBO {
// Entry point for the application
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TheQuadExampleMovingFBO();
}
// Setup variables
private final String WINDOW_TITLE = "The Quad: Moving";
private final int WIDTH = 320;
private final int HEIGHT = 240;
private final double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;
// Frame Buffer variables
private int fboID = 0;
private int colID = 0;
private int depID = 0;
private IntBuffer drawBuffs;
// Quad variables
private int vaoId = 0;
private int vboId = 0;
private int vboiId = 0;
private int indicesCount = 0;
private VertexData[] vertices = null;
private ByteBuffer verticesByteBuffer = null;
// Shader variables
private int vsId = 0;
private int fsId = 0;
private int pId = 0;
// Texture variables
private int[] texIds = new int[] {0, 0};
private int textureSelector = 0;
// Moving variables
private int projectionMatrixLocation = 0;
private int viewMatrixLocation = 0;
private int modelMatrixLocation = 0;
private Matrix4f projectionMatrix = null;
private Matrix4f viewMatrix = null;
private Matrix4f modelMatrix = null;
private Vector3f modelPos = null;
private Vector3f modelAngle = null;
private Vector3f modelScale = null;
private Vector3f cameraPos = null;
private FloatBuffer matrix44Buffer = null;
public TheQuadExampleMovingFBO() {
// Initialize OpenGL (Display)
this.setupOpenGL();
this.setupQuad();
this.setupShaders();
this.setupTextures();
this.setupMatrices();
while (!Display.isCloseRequested()) {
// Do a single loop (logic/render)
this.loopCycle();
// Force a maximum FPS of about 60
Display.sync(60);
// Let the CPU synchronize with the GPU if GPU is tagging behind
Display.update();
}
// Destroy OpenGL (Display)
this.destroyOpenGL();
}
private void setupMatrices() {
// Setup projection matrix
projectionMatrix = new Matrix4f();
float fieldOfView = 60f;
float aspectRatio = (float)WIDTH / (float)HEIGHT;
float near_plane = 0.1f;
float far_plane = 100f;
float y_scale = this.coTangent(this.degreesToRadians(fieldOfView / 2f));
float x_scale = y_scale / aspectRatio;
float frustum_length = far_plane - near_plane;
projectionMatrix.m00 = x_scale;
projectionMatrix.m11 = y_scale;
projectionMatrix.m22 = -((far_plane + near_plane) / frustum_length);
projectionMatrix.m23 = -1;
projectionMatrix.m32 = -((2 * near_plane * far_plane) / frustum_length);
// Setup view matrix
viewMatrix = new Matrix4f();
// Setup model matrix
modelMatrix = new Matrix4f();
// Create a FloatBuffer with the proper size to store our matrices later
matrix44Buffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16);
}
private void setupTextures() {
texIds[0] = this.loadPNGTexture("assets/images/stGrid1.png", GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
texIds[1] = this.loadPNGTexture("assets/images/stGrid2.png", GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
this.exitOnGLError("setupTexture");
}
private void setupOpenGL() {
// Setup an OpenGL context with API version 3.2
try {
PixelFormat pixelFormat = new PixelFormat();
ContextAttribs contextAtrributes = new ContextAttribs(3, 2);
contextAtrributes.withForwardCompatible(true);
contextAtrributes.withProfileCore(true);
Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(WIDTH, HEIGHT));
Display.setTitle(WINDOW_TITLE);
Display.create(pixelFormat, contextAtrributes);
GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
} catch (LWJGLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
// Setup an XNA like background color
GL11.glClearColor(0.4f, 0.6f, 0.9f, 0f);
// Map the internal OpenGL coordinate system to the entire screen
GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
System.out.println(GL11.glGetString(GL11.GL_VERSION));
this.exitOnGLError("setupOpenGL");
}
private void setupQuad() {
// We'll define our quad using 4 vertices of the custom 'TexturedVertex' class
VertexData v0 = new VertexData();
v0.setXYZ(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0); v0.setRGB(1, 0, 0); v0.setST(0, 0);
VertexData v1 = new VertexData();
v1.setXYZ(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0); v1.setRGB(0, 1, 0); v1.setST(0, 1);
VertexData v2 = new VertexData();
v2.setXYZ(0.5f, -0.5f, 0); v2.setRGB(0, 0, 1); v2.setST(1, 1);
VertexData v3 = new VertexData();
v3.setXYZ(0.5f, 0.5f, 0); v3.setRGB(1, 1, 1); v3.setST(1, 0);
vertices = new VertexData[] {v0, v1, v2, v3};
// Put each 'Vertex' in one FloatBuffer
verticesByteBuffer = BufferUtils.createByteBuffer(vertices.length *
VertexData.stride);
FloatBuffer verticesFloatBuffer = verticesByteBuffer.asFloatBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < vertices.length; i++) {
// Add position, color and texture floats to the buffer
verticesFloatBuffer.put(vertices[i].getElements());
}
verticesFloatBuffer.flip();
// OpenGL expects to draw vertices in counter clockwise order by default
byte[] indices = {
0, 1, 2,
2, 3, 0
};
indicesCount = indices.length;
ByteBuffer indicesBuffer = BufferUtils.createByteBuffer(indicesCount);
indicesBuffer.put(indices);
indicesBuffer.flip();
// Create a new Vertex Array Object in memory and select it (bind)
vaoId = GL30.glGenVertexArrays();
GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
// Create a new Vertex Buffer Object in memory and select it (bind)
vboId = GL15.glGenBuffers();
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboId);
GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, verticesFloatBuffer, GL15.GL_STREAM_DRAW);
// Put the position coordinates in attribute list 0
GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(0, VertexData.positionElementCount, GL11.GL_FLOAT,
false, VertexData.stride, VertexData.positionByteOffset);
// Put the color components in attribute list 1
GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(1, VertexData.colorElementCount, GL11.GL_FLOAT,
false, VertexData.stride, VertexData.colorByteOffset);
// Put the texture coordinates in attribute list 2
GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(2, VertexData.textureElementCount, GL11.GL_FLOAT,
false, VertexData.stride, VertexData.textureByteOffset);
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
// Deselect (bind to 0) the VAO
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
// Create a new VBO for the indices and select it (bind) - INDICES
vboiId = GL15.glGenBuffers();
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboiId);
GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indicesBuffer,
GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
// Set the default quad rotation, scale and position values
modelPos = new Vector3f(0, 0, 0);
modelAngle = new Vector3f(0, 0, 0);
modelScale = new Vector3f(1, 1, 1);
cameraPos = new Vector3f(0, 0, 0);
////////// THIS IS WHERE I ADDED CODE FOR THE FRAMEBUFFER STUFF //////////////
//render to texture attempt
fboID = GL30.glGenFramebuffers();
GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fboID);
colID = GL11.glGenTextures();
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, colID);
GL11.glTexImage2D(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (ByteBuffer)null);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
depID = GL30.glGenRenderbuffers();
GL30.glBindRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depID);
GL30.glRenderbufferStorage(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL11.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
GL30.glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depID);
GL32.glFramebufferTexture(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, colID, 0);
drawBuffs = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(1);
drawBuffs.put(0, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0);
GL20.glDrawBuffers(drawBuffs);
if(GL30.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){
System.out.println("Framebuffer not complete!");
}else{ System.out.println("Framebuffer is complete!");}
//////// END OF NEW CODE HERE, LOOK IN RENDER CYCLE FOR MORE NEW CODE ///////////
this.exitOnGLError("setupQuad");
}
private void setupShaders() {
// Load the vertex shader
vsId = this.loadShader("assets/shaders/moving/vertex.glsl",
GL20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
// Load the fragment shader
fsId = this.loadShader("assets/shaders/moving/fragment.glsl",
GL20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
// Create a new shader program that links both shaders
pId = GL20.glCreateProgram();
GL20.glAttachShader(pId, vsId);
GL20.glAttachShader(pId, fsId);
GL20.glLinkProgram(pId);
// Position information will be attribute 0
GL20.glBindAttribLocation(pId, 0, "in_Position");
// Color information will be attribute 1
GL20.glBindAttribLocation(pId, 1, "in_Color");
// Textute information will be attribute 2
GL20.glBindAttribLocation(pId, 2, "in_TextureCoord");
// Get matrices uniform locations
projectionMatrixLocation = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(pId, "projectionMatrix");
viewMatrixLocation = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(pId, "viewMatrix");
modelMatrixLocation = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(pId, "modelMatrix");
GL20.glValidateProgram(pId);
this.exitOnGLError("setupShaders");
}
private void logicCycle() {
//-- Input processing
float rotationDelta = 15f;
float scaleDelta = 0.1f;
float posDelta = 0.1f;
Vector3f scaleAddResolution = new Vector3f(scaleDelta, scaleDelta, scaleDelta);
Vector3f scaleMinusResolution = new Vector3f(-scaleDelta, -scaleDelta,
-scaleDelta);
while(Keyboard.next()) {
// Only listen to events where the key was pressed (down event)
if (!Keyboard.getEventKeyState()) continue;
// Switch textures depending on the key released
switch (Keyboard.getEventKey()) {
case Keyboard.KEY_1:
textureSelector = 0;
break;
case Keyboard.KEY_2:
textureSelector = 1;
break;
}
// Change model scale, rotation and translation values
switch (Keyboard.getEventKey()) {
// Move
case Keyboard.KEY_UP:
modelPos.y += posDelta;
break;
case Keyboard.KEY_DOWN:
modelPos.y -= posDelta;
break;
// Scale
case Keyboard.KEY_P:
Vector3f.add(modelScale, scaleAddResolution, modelScale);
break;
case Keyboard.KEY_M:
Vector3f.add(modelScale, scaleMinusResolution, modelScale);
break;
// Rotation
case Keyboard.KEY_LEFT:
modelAngle.z += rotationDelta;
break;
case Keyboard.KEY_RIGHT:
modelAngle.z -= rotationDelta;
break;
}
}
//-- Update matrices
// Reset view and model matrices
viewMatrix = new Matrix4f();
modelMatrix = new Matrix4f();
// Translate camera
Matrix4f.translate(cameraPos, viewMatrix, viewMatrix);
// Scale, translate and rotate model
Matrix4f.scale(modelScale, modelMatrix, modelMatrix);
Matrix4f.translate(modelPos, modelMatrix, modelMatrix);
Matrix4f.rotate(this.degreesToRadians(modelAngle.z), new Vector3f(0, 0, 1),
modelMatrix, modelMatrix);
Matrix4f.rotate(this.degreesToRadians(modelAngle.y), new Vector3f(0, 1, 0),
modelMatrix, modelMatrix);
Matrix4f.rotate(this.degreesToRadians(modelAngle.x), new Vector3f(1, 0, 0),
modelMatrix, modelMatrix);
// Upload matrices to the uniform variables
GL20.glUseProgram(pId);
projectionMatrix.store(matrix44Buffer); matrix44Buffer.flip();
GL20.glUniformMatrix4(projectionMatrixLocation, false, matrix44Buffer);
viewMatrix.store(matrix44Buffer); matrix44Buffer.flip();
GL20.glUniformMatrix4(viewMatrixLocation, false, matrix44Buffer);
modelMatrix.store(matrix44Buffer); matrix44Buffer.flip();
GL20.glUniformMatrix4(modelMatrixLocation, false, matrix44Buffer);
GL20.glUseProgram(0);
this.exitOnGLError("logicCycle");
}
private void renderCycle() {
////////// THESE LINES ARE NEW, ADDED TO RENDER TO THE FRAME BUFFER /////////
GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fboID);
GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
///////// THIS IS THE ORIGINAL RENDER CYCLE CODE, I WANT THIS TO GO TO THE FBO ///////
GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
GL20.glUseProgram(pId);
// Bind the texture
GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texIds[textureSelector]);
// Bind to the VAO that has all the information about the vertices
GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
// Bind to the index VBO that has all the information about the order of the vertices
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboiId);
// Draw the vertices
GL11.glDrawElements(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES, indicesCount, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
// Put everything back to default (deselect)
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(2);
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
GL20.glUseProgram(0);
//////// NEW CODE, I WANT TO DRAW A FULL SCREEN QUAD WITH THE TEXTURE FROM THE FBO ///////
// draw the texture from the FBO
GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f((float)WIDTH, 0.0f, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f((float)WIDTH, (float)HEIGHT, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, (float)HEIGHT, 0.0f);
GL11.glEnd();
///////// END OF NEW CODE ///////////
this.exitOnGLError("renderCycle");
}
private void loopCycle() {
// Update logic
this.logicCycle();
// Update rendered frame
this.renderCycle();
this.exitOnGLError("loopCycle");
}
private void destroyOpenGL() {
// Delete the texture
GL11.glDeleteTextures(texIds[0]);
GL11.glDeleteTextures(texIds[1]);
// Delete the shaders
GL20.glUseProgram(0);
GL20.glDetachShader(pId, vsId);
GL20.glDetachShader(pId, fsId);
GL20.glDeleteShader(vsId);
GL20.glDeleteShader(fsId);
GL20.glDeleteProgram(pId);
// Select the VAO
GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
// Disable the VBO index from the VAO attributes list
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
// Delete the vertex VBO
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
GL15.glDeleteBuffers(vboId);
// Delete the index VBO
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
GL15.glDeleteBuffers(vboiId);
// Delete the VAO
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
GL30.glDeleteVertexArrays(vaoId);
this.exitOnGLError("destroyOpenGL");
Display.destroy();
}
private int loadShader(String filename, int type) {
StringBuilder shaderSource = new StringBuilder();
int shaderID = 0;
try {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
shaderSource.append(line).append("\n");
}
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("Could not read file.");
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
shaderID = GL20.glCreateShader(type);
GL20.glShaderSource(shaderID, shaderSource);
GL20.glCompileShader(shaderID);
if (GL20.glGetShader(shaderID, GL20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS) == GL11.GL_FALSE) {
System.err.println("Could not compile shader.");
System.exit(-1);
}
this.exitOnGLError("loadShader");
return shaderID;
}
private int loadPNGTexture(String filename, int textureUnit) {
ByteBuffer buf = null;
int tWidth = 0;
int tHeight = 0;
try {
// Open the PNG file as an InputStream
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(filename);
// Link the PNG decoder to this stream
PNGDecoder decoder = new PNGDecoder(in);
// Get the width and height of the texture
tWidth = decoder.getWidth();
tHeight = decoder.getHeight();
// Decode the PNG file in a ByteBuffer
buf = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(
4 * decoder.getWidth() * decoder.getHeight());
decoder.decode(buf, decoder.getWidth() * 4, Format.RGBA);
buf.flip();
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
// Create a new texture object in memory and bind it
int texId = GL11.glGenTextures();
GL13.glActiveTexture(textureUnit);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texId);
// All RGB bytes are aligned to each other and each component is 1 byte
GL11.glPixelStorei(GL11.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
// Upload the texture data and generate mip maps (for scaling)
GL11.glTexImage2D(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, tWidth, tHeight, 0,
GL11.GL_RGBA, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buf);
GL30.glGenerateMipmap(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
// Setup the ST coordinate system
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL11.GL_REPEAT);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL11.GL_REPEAT);
// Setup what to do when the texture has to be scaled
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,
GL11.GL_LINEAR);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,
GL11.GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
this.exitOnGLError("loadPNGTexture");
return texId;
}
private float coTangent(float angle) {
return (float)(1f / Math.tan(angle));
}
private float degreesToRadians(float degrees) {
return degrees * (float)(PI / 180d);
}
private void exitOnGLError(String errorMessage) {
int errorValue = GL11.glGetError();
if (errorValue != GL11.GL_NO_ERROR) {
String errorString = GLU.gluErrorString(errorValue);
System.err.println("ERROR - " + errorMessage + ": " + errorString);
if (Display.isCreated()) Display.destroy();
System.exit(-1);
}
}
}
以下是我添加行以渲染到纹理的代码部分：
设置 FBO ////////// 这是我为帧缓冲区添加代码的地方 /////////////
//render to texture attempt
fboID = GL30.glGenFramebuffers();
GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fboID);
colID = GL11.glGenTextures();
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, colID);
GL11.glTexImage2D(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (ByteBuffer)null);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL11.GL_NEAREST);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
depID = GL30.glGenRenderbuffers();
GL30.glBindRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depID);
GL30.glRenderbufferStorage(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL11.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
GL30.glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depID);
GL32.glFramebufferTexture(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, colID, 0);
drawBuffs = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(1);
drawBuffs.put(0, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0);
GL20.glDrawBuffers(drawBuffs);
if(GL30.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){
System.out.println("Framebuffer not complete!");
}else{ System.out.println("Framebuffer is complete!");}
//////// END OF NEW CODE HERE, LOOK IN RENDER CYCLE FOR MORE NEW CODE ///////////
这是渲染代码： ////////// 这些行是新的，添加到渲染到帧缓冲区 ///////// GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fboID); GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT); ///////// 这是原始的渲染周期代码，我想把它放到 FBO /////// GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
GL20.glUseProgram(pId);
// Bind the texture
GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texIds[textureSelector]);
// Bind to the VAO that has all the information about the vertices
GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
// Bind to the index VBO that has all the information about the order of the vertices
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboiId);
// Draw the vertices
GL11.glDrawElements(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES, indicesCount, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
// Put everything back to default (deselect)
GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(2);
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
GL20.glUseProgram(0);
//////// NEW CODE, I WANT TO DRAW A FULL SCREEN QUAD WITH THE TEXTURE FROM THE FBO ///////
// draw the texture from the FBO
GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
GL11.glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f((float)WIDTH, 0.0f, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f((float)WIDTH, (float)HEIGHT, 0.0f);
GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, (float)HEIGHT, 0.0f);
GL11.glEnd();
///////// END OF NEW CODE ///////////
当我运行此代码时，我得到一个黑色矩形大约一秒钟，控制台告诉我帧缓冲区已完成，然后我得到一个关于渲染周期中无效操作的 openGL 错误，它崩溃了。我认为问题出在我的全屏四码代码中，但我不知道如何正确处理。我是否需要为渲染到屏幕创建新的着色器程序？我是否需要删除 glBegin(GL_QUADS) 并使用顶点缓冲区？