c# - 继承：根据具体对象在运行时调用正确的方法

Question

我有以下课程：

public class Person
{
}

public class Employee : Person
{
}

public class Customer : Person
{
}

使用这些类的一些方法：

public class OtherClass
{
    public void DoSomething(Employee e)
    {
    }

    public void DoSomething(Customer c)
    {
    }
}

来电：

// People = Collection<Person>.
foreach (var p in People)
    DoSomething(p); // Should call the right method at runtime and "see" if it´s an Employee or a Customer.

编译器不允许这样做。我如何实现这个场景？

Answer 1

这里最简单的方法是多态，即

public class Person
{
    public virtual void DoSomething() {} // perhaps abstract?
}

public class Employee : Person
{
    public override void DoSomething() {...}
}

public class Customer : Person
{
    public override void DoSomething() {...}
}

并使用：

foreach (var p in People)
    p.DoSomething();

---

然而！如果这不可能，那么作弊：

foreach (var p in People)
    DoSomething((dynamic)p); // TADA!

---

另一种选择是自己检查类型：

public void DoSomething(Person p)
{
    Employee e = p as Employee;
    if(e != null) DoSomething(e);
    else {
        Customer c = p as Customer;
        if(c != null) DoSomething(c);
    }
}