c# - 在 RichTextBox 中重置 RTF？

Question

我正在尝试“重置”我的 RichTextBox（WinForms，而不是 WPF）中的格式。我以前使用

richTextBox.Text = richTextBox.Text;

然而，这似乎突然让我失望了。现在无论我设置什么richTextBox.Text，它都保留了一些 rtf 格式。

我试过了

richTextBox.Rtf = richTextBox.Text;

但是，这抱怨格式不正确。必须有更好的方法来做到这一点。（当然，选择整个东西，然后重置背景颜色、前景色和字体可以工作，但这会导致闪烁，因为整个东西被选中然后取消选择，而且速度较慢，需要更多代码。）任何人都有任何的想法？

编辑：我已经让它工作了：

string tempTxt = richTextBox.Text;
richTextBox.Clear();
richTextBox.Text = tempTxt;

但必须有更好的方法，对吧？

编辑2：为了清楚起见，我希望在保留文本的同时删除所有格式。看起来第一次编辑中的代码将会发布，除非其他人有更有效/更好的编码方式。

编辑3：

richTextBox.Text = richTextBox.Text.ToString();

似乎不起作用，因为它仍然没有清除所有格式。我不喜欢上面第一个编辑中的方法的原因是它在清除文本框然后重新输入文本时使文本框“闪烁”。似乎应该简单地有一个richTextBox.ResetFormatting() 方法，或者某种访问相同功能的方法，因为 Clear() 方法清楚地（不是双关语）除了简单地清除所有文本之外还进行了某种格式重置.

总结一下：

有没有办法（如果有，它是什么）来重置 RichTextBox 中文本的格式，而不像上面的示例中那样清除文本（因为这会产生不希望的闪烁）？

score 28 · Accepted Answer

可悲的是，我已尽我最大的努力将其精简为仅需要的代码。它仍然很大，但它会起作用。.Net 中的 RichTextBox api 非常有限，要执行任何您几乎必须进入 Win32 库的操作。我已经围绕这个东西构建了一个完整的库，这样我就可以切换粗体并确定是否在整个选择中实际设置了粗体。

用法：

RichTextBox te = ...;
te.ClearAllFormatting(new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25f));

大量代码：

static class RichTextExtensions
{
    public static void ClearAllFormatting(this RichTextBox te, Font font)
    {
        CHARFORMAT2 fmt = new CHARFORMAT2();

        fmt.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(fmt);
        fmt.dwMask = CFM_ALL2;
        fmt.dwEffects = CFE_AUTOCOLOR | CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR;
        fmt.szFaceName = font.FontFamily.Name;

        double size = font.Size;
        size /= 72;//logical dpi (pixels per inch)
        size *= 1440.0;//twips per inch

        fmt.yHeight = (int)size;//165
        fmt.yOffset = 0;
        fmt.crTextColor = 0;
        fmt.bCharSet = 1;// DEFAULT_CHARSET;
        fmt.bPitchAndFamily = 0;// DEFAULT_PITCH;
        fmt.wWeight = 400;// FW_NORMAL;
        fmt.sSpacing = 0;
        fmt.crBackColor = 0;
        //fmt.lcid = ???
        fmt.dwMask &= ~CFM_LCID;//don't know how to get this...
        fmt.dwReserved = 0;
        fmt.sStyle = 0;
        fmt.wKerning = 0;
        fmt.bUnderlineType = 0;
        fmt.bAnimation = 0;
        fmt.bRevAuthor = 0;
        fmt.bReserved1 = 0;

        SendMessage(te.Handle, EM_SETCHARFORMAT, SCF_ALL, ref fmt);
    }

    private const UInt32 WM_USER = 0x0400;
    private const UInt32 EM_GETCHARFORMAT = (WM_USER + 58);
    private const UInt32 EM_SETCHARFORMAT = (WM_USER + 68);
    private const UInt32 SCF_ALL = 0x0004;
    private const UInt32 SCF_SELECTION = 0x0001;

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)]
    static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 Msg, UInt32 wParam, ref CHARFORMAT2 lParam);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    struct CHARFORMAT2
    {
        public int cbSize;
        public uint dwMask;
        public uint dwEffects;
        public int yHeight;
        public int yOffset;
        public int crTextColor;
        public byte bCharSet;
        public byte bPitchAndFamily;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]
        public string szFaceName;
        public short wWeight;
        public short sSpacing;
        public int crBackColor;
        public int lcid;
        public int dwReserved;
        public short sStyle;
        public short wKerning;
        public byte bUnderlineType;
        public byte bAnimation;
        public byte bRevAuthor;
        public byte bReserved1;
    }

    #region CFE_
    // CHARFORMAT effects 
    const UInt32 CFE_BOLD = 0x0001;
    const UInt32 CFE_ITALIC = 0x0002;
    const UInt32 CFE_UNDERLINE = 0x0004;
    const UInt32 CFE_STRIKEOUT = 0x0008;
    const UInt32 CFE_PROTECTED = 0x0010;
    const UInt32 CFE_LINK = 0x0020;
    const UInt32 CFE_AUTOCOLOR = 0x40000000;            // NOTE: this corresponds to 
    // CFM_COLOR, which controls it 
    // Masks and effects defined for CHARFORMAT2 -- an (*) indicates
    // that the data is stored by RichEdit 2.0/3.0, but not displayed
    const UInt32 CFE_SMALLCAPS = CFM_SMALLCAPS;
    const UInt32 CFE_ALLCAPS = CFM_ALLCAPS;
    const UInt32 CFE_HIDDEN = CFM_HIDDEN;
    const UInt32 CFE_OUTLINE = CFM_OUTLINE;
    const UInt32 CFE_SHADOW = CFM_SHADOW;
    const UInt32 CFE_EMBOSS = CFM_EMBOSS;
    const UInt32 CFE_IMPRINT = CFM_IMPRINT;
    const UInt32 CFE_DISABLED = CFM_DISABLED;
    const UInt32 CFE_REVISED = CFM_REVISED;

    // CFE_AUTOCOLOR and CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR correspond to CFM_COLOR and
    // CFM_BACKCOLOR, respectively, which control them
    const UInt32 CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR = CFM_BACKCOLOR;
    #endregion
    #region CFM_
    // CHARFORMAT masks 
    const UInt32 CFM_BOLD = 0x00000001;
    const UInt32 CFM_ITALIC = 0x00000002;
    const UInt32 CFM_UNDERLINE = 0x00000004;
    const UInt32 CFM_STRIKEOUT = 0x00000008;
    const UInt32 CFM_PROTECTED = 0x00000010;
    const UInt32 CFM_LINK = 0x00000020;         // Exchange hyperlink extension 
    const UInt32 CFM_SIZE = 0x80000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_COLOR = 0x40000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_FACE = 0x20000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_OFFSET = 0x10000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_CHARSET = 0x08000000;

    const UInt32 CFM_SMALLCAPS = 0x0040;            // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_ALLCAPS = 0x0080;          // Displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_HIDDEN = 0x0100;           // Hidden by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_OUTLINE = 0x0200;          // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_SHADOW = 0x0400;           // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_EMBOSS = 0x0800;           // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_IMPRINT = 0x1000;          // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_DISABLED = 0x2000;
    const UInt32 CFM_REVISED = 0x4000;

    const UInt32 CFM_BACKCOLOR = 0x04000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_LCID = 0x02000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_UNDERLINETYPE = 0x00800000;        // Many displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_WEIGHT = 0x00400000;
    const UInt32 CFM_SPACING = 0x00200000;      // Displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_KERNING = 0x00100000;      // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_STYLE = 0x00080000;        // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_ANIMATION = 0x00040000;        // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_REVAUTHOR = 0x00008000;

    const UInt32 CFE_SUBSCRIPT = 0x00010000;        // Superscript and subscript are 
    const UInt32 CFE_SUPERSCRIPT = 0x00020000;      //  mutually exclusive           

    const UInt32 CFM_SUBSCRIPT = (CFE_SUBSCRIPT | CFE_SUPERSCRIPT);
    const UInt32 CFM_SUPERSCRIPT = CFM_SUBSCRIPT;

    // CHARFORMAT "ALL" masks
    const UInt32 CFM_EFFECTS = (CFM_BOLD | CFM_ITALIC | CFM_UNDERLINE | CFM_COLOR |
                         CFM_STRIKEOUT | CFE_PROTECTED | CFM_LINK);
    const UInt32 CFM_ALL = (CFM_EFFECTS | CFM_SIZE | CFM_FACE | CFM_OFFSET | CFM_CHARSET);

    const UInt32 CFM_EFFECTS2 = (CFM_EFFECTS | CFM_DISABLED | CFM_SMALLCAPS | CFM_ALLCAPS
                        | CFM_HIDDEN | CFM_OUTLINE | CFM_SHADOW | CFM_EMBOSS
                        | CFM_IMPRINT | CFM_DISABLED | CFM_REVISED
                        | CFM_SUBSCRIPT | CFM_SUPERSCRIPT | CFM_BACKCOLOR);

    const UInt32 CFM_ALL2 = (CFM_ALL | CFM_EFFECTS2 | CFM_BACKCOLOR | CFM_LCID
                        | CFM_UNDERLINETYPE | CFM_WEIGHT | CFM_REVAUTHOR
                        | CFM_SPACING | CFM_KERNING | CFM_STYLE | CFM_ANIMATION);
    #endregion
}

你问的更多？

我通过一个小型实用程序类使用其中的大部分内容，该实用程序类包含所有样式和字体更改。这样您可以更改字体大小而不更改字体名称等。

class RichTextStyle
{   
    private readonly Control _textEdit;
    private readonly CHARFORMAT2 _charFormat;

    public RichTextStyle(RichTextBox te)
    {
        _textEdit = te;
        _charFormat = new CHARFORMAT2();
        _charFormat.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(_charFormat);
        SendMessage(te.Handle, EM_GETCHARFORMAT, SCF_SELECTION, ref _charFormat);
    }

    private void SetEffect(UInt32 mask, UInt32 effect, bool valid)
    {
        CHARFORMAT2 fmt = new CHARFORMAT2();
        fmt.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(fmt);
        fmt.dwMask = mask;
        fmt.dwEffects = valid ? effect : 0;
        SendMessage(_textEdit.Handle, EM_SETCHARFORMAT, SCF_SELECTION, ref fmt);
    }

    private bool GetEffect(UInt32 mask, UInt32 effect)
    {
        return (0 != (_charFormat.dwMask & mask)) && (0 != (_charFormat.dwEffects & effect));
    }

    public bool Bold { get { return GetEffect(CFM_BOLD, CFE_BOLD); } set { SetEffect(CFM_BOLD, CFE_BOLD, value); } }
    public bool Italic { get { return GetEffect(CFM_ITALIC, CFE_ITALIC); } set { SetEffect(CFM_ITALIC, CFE_ITALIC, value); } }

    // ... etc ... etc ... you get the idea.

score 6 · Accepted Answer

6

关于什么

richTextBox.Text = richTextBox.Text.ToString();

于 2009-09-25T22:50:47.090 回答

score 3 · Accepted Answer

我用过

var t = richTextBox1.Text;
richTextBox1.Text = t;

编辑：：

一定要插入评论，说明你为什么要做你正在做的事情。在不知情的情况下，这看起来很荒谬。

score 2 · Accepted Answer

2

只需使用：

richTextBox1.Clear();

...应该做的伎俩。为我工作。

于 2009-08-16T18:44:46.560 回答

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我发现的另一种方法（以及我已经切换到使用的方法，因为它不闪烁）是在应用任何格式之前获取初始 rtf 字符串：

string initialRtf = richTextBox.Rtf;

然后，当我想重置格式时，我可以这样做：

richTextBox.Rtf = initialRtf;

然而，这并不完美，因为它要求文本保持不变等等。好吧，至少它比问题中详述的方法好一点。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

一段时间以来，我一直在自己的程序中使用此代码。它直接设置 RichTextBox 的 RTF，因此应该比通常的方式设置样式要快得多。它接受一个字符串（正文），还可以选择接受一个颜色数组、字体大小数组（int）和字体权重数组（bool），每个代表每个字符的颜色、大小或字体权重字符串。

或者，您可以简单地保留标题给出的默认尺寸、重量、斜体数字。

public string text2RTF(string text, Color[] color = null, bool[] bold = null, int[] size = null,
                        string font = "Microsoft Sans Serif", double defaultFontSize = 16,
                        bool defaultFontBold = false, bool defaultFontItalic = false, char align = 'l')
{
    StringBuilder rtf = new StringBuilder();
    rtf.Append(@"{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang2057{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 ");
    rtf.Append(font);
    rtf.Append(@";}}{\colortbl ;");

    if (color != null)
    {
        rtf.Append("\\red" + (color[0].R).ToString() + "\\green" + (color[0].G).ToString() + "\\blue" + (color[0].B).ToString() + ";");
        for (int i = 1; i < text.Length; i++)
        {
            if ((color[i].R != color[i - 1].R || color[i].G != color[i - 1].G || color[i].B != color[i - 1].B))
            {
                rtf.Append("\\red" + (color[i].R).ToString() + "\\green" + (color[i].G).ToString() + "\\blue" + (color[i].B).ToString() + ";");
            }
        }
    }


    rtf.Append("}\n\\viewkind4\\uc1\\pard");
    if (defaultFontBold == true) rtf.Append("\\b");
    if (defaultFontItalic == true) rtf.Append("\\i");

    if (align == 'r')   rtf.Append("\\qr");

    rtf.Append("\\f0\\fs" + (Math.Round(defaultFontSize)).ToString()+" ");
    int startOfActualText = rtf.Length;

    int count = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < text.Length; i++)
    {
        if (color!=null && (i == 0 || color[i].R != color[i - 1].R || color[i].G != color[i - 1].G || color[i].B != color[i - 1].B))
        {
            rtf.Append("\\cf"); rtf.Append(count.ToString() + " "); count++;
        }
        if (bold!=null && (i == 0 || bold[i] != bold[i - 1]))
        {
            if (bold[i] == true) rtf.Append("\\b1 ");
            else rtf.Append("\\b0 ");
        }
        if (size!=null && (i == 0 || size[i] != size[i - 1]))
        {
            rtf.Append("\\fs"+size[i].ToString()+" " );                 
        }

        if (text[i] == '\\' || text[i] == '}' || text[i] == '{') rtf.Append('\\');

        // GetRtfUnicodeOfChar:
        string st="";
        if (text[i] <= 0x7f) st = text[i].ToString();
        else st = "\\u" + Convert.ToUInt32(text[i]) + "?";


        rtf.Append(st);
    }

    rtf.Append("\n}");
    rtf.Replace("\n", "\\par\n", startOfActualText, rtf.Length - startOfActualText);


    return rtf.ToString();

}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我看到有很多答案，但我认为有更简单易行的方法作为清除所有格式的扩展：

在我的情况下，我需要清除格式并留空RichTextBox，因此我制作了这个功能：

private void ClearRichTextBox()
{
  this.richTextBox1.ForeColor = Color.Empty;
  this.richTextBox1.BackColor = Color.Empty;
  this.richTextBox1.SelectAll();
  this.richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Empty;
  this.richTextBox1.SelectionBackColor = Color.Empty;
  this.richTextBox1.SelectionFont = this.richTextBox1.Font;
  this.richTextBox1.Clear();
}

那么简单的解决方案是：

string backUp = this.richTextBox1.Text;
ClearRichTextBox();
this.richTextBox1.Text = backUp;

或者干脆删除this.richTextBox1.Clear();clear 函数中的行。（这可能也可以，但我不能保证，因为我只在简单的格式上进行了测试。因此，应该添加任何其他行以删除不同的格式。）

当不应该清除文本时，请记住在数据变形后存储先前的位置/选择和刷新状态。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

“我不喜欢上面第一个编辑中的方法的原因是它在清除文本框然后重新输入文本时使文本框“闪烁”。”

您应该能够实现 SuspendLayout() 和 ResumeLayout() 方法。

string tempTxt = richTextBox.Text;
rtbIncludes.SuspendLayout();
richTextBox.Clear();
richTextBox.Text = tempTxt;
rtbIncludes.ResumeLayout();

SuspendLayout() 和 ResumeLayout() 将在您操作数据时停止控件的绘制。如果操作不需要很长时间，您将能够清除文本并将未格式化的文本分配回去，而不会出现在屏幕上的闪烁。

如果确实花费了太长时间，则控件将显示为黑色矩形，直到调用 ResumeLayout()。

score -1 · Accepted Answer

RichTextBox rtbTemp = new RichTextBox();
rtbTemp.Text = rtb.Text;
rtb.Rtf = rtbTemp.Rtf;

希望它有效

score -1 · Accepted Answer

工作正常 ..

var TempString = richTextBox1.Text;
richTextBox1.Rtf = string.Empty;
richTextBox1.Text = TempString ;

c# - 在 RichTextBox 中重置 RTF？

10 回答 10

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