c# - 如何使用 BouncyCastle 生成根证书，然后生成由该根证书签名的站点证书？

Question

我正在尝试构建一个使用的自托管服务，WebAPI并且SSL我需要能够自生成 SSL 证书才能使用。我希望能够从C#. 我一直在玩BouncyCastle。

我需要生成 2 个证书，一个根证书和一个站点证书。然后我需要将它们安装在 Windows 中的正确位置。

我不知道如何让我的第二个证书引用我的根 ca。我尝试过的所有事情都会让我遇到一个不受信任的证书错误。任何帮助，将不胜感激。

Answer 1

这就是我所做的（我使用的是 DSA，但如果您使用的是 RSA，只需更改密钥生成）。

public void IssueClientFromCA()
{
    // get CA
    string caCn = "MyCA CommonName";
    Stream caCertFile = File.OpenRead(string.Format(@"{0}\{1}", _certificatesDir, "MyCAFile.pfx"));
    char[] caPass = "passwordForThePfx".ToCharArray();

    Pkcs12Store store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();
    store.Load(caCertFile, caPass);            
    var caCert = store.GetCertificate(caCn).Certificate;
    var caPrivKey = store.GetKey(caCn).Key;

    var clientCert = CertIssuer.GenerateDsaCertificateAsPkcs12(
        "My Client FriendlyName",
        "My Client SubjectName", 
        "GT",
        new DateTime(2011,9,19), 
        new DateTime(2014,9,18),
        "PFXPASS",
        caCert,
        caPrivKey);

    var saveAS = string.Format(@"{0}\{1}", _certificatesDir, "clientCertFile.pfx");
    File.WriteAllBytes(saveAS, clientCert);
}

public static byte[] GenerateDsaCertificateAsPkcs12(
    string friendlyName,
    string subjectName,
    string country,
    DateTime validStartDate,
    DateTime validEndDate,
    string password,
    Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate caCert,
    AsymmetricKeyParameter caPrivateKey)
{
    var keys = GenerateDsaKeys();

    #region build certificate
    var certGen = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();

    // build name attributes
    var nameOids = new ArrayList();
    nameOids.Add(Org.BouncyCastle.Asn1.X509.X509Name.CN);
    nameOids.Add(X509Name.O);
    nameOids.Add(X509Name.C);

    var nameValues = new ArrayList();
    nameValues.Add(friendlyName);
    nameValues.Add(subjectName);
    nameValues.Add(country);
    var subjectDN = new X509Name(nameOids, nameValues);

    // certificate fields
    certGen.SetSerialNumber(BigInteger.ValueOf(1));
    certGen.SetIssuerDN(caCert.SubjectDN);
    certGen.SetNotBefore(validStartDate);
    certGen.SetNotAfter(validEndDate);
    certGen.SetSubjectDN(subjectDN);
    certGen.SetPublicKey(keys.Public);
    certGen.SetSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1withDSA");

    // extended information
    certGen.AddExtension(X509Extensions.AuthorityKeyIdentifier, false, new AuthorityKeyIdentifierStructure(caCert.GetPublicKey()));
    certGen.AddExtension(X509Extensions.SubjectKeyIdentifier, false, new SubjectKeyIdentifierStructure(keys.Public));
    #endregion

    // generate x509 certificate
    var cert = certGen.Generate(caPrivateKey);
    //ert.Verify(caCert.GetPublicKey());

    var chain = new Dictionary<string, Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate>();
    //chain.Add("CertiFirmas CA", caCert);
    var caCn = caCert.SubjectDN.GetValues(X509Name.CN)[0].ToString();
    chain.Add(caCn, caCert);

    // store the file
    return GeneratePkcs12(keys, cert, friendlyName, password, chain);
}

private static byte[] GeneratePkcs12(AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keys, Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate cert, string friendlyName, string password,
    Dictionary<string, Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate> chain)
{
    var chainCerts = new List<X509CertificateEntry>();

    // Create the PKCS12 store
    Pkcs12Store store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();

    // Add a Certificate entry
    X509CertificateEntry certEntry = new X509CertificateEntry(cert);
    store.SetCertificateEntry(friendlyName, certEntry); // use DN as the Alias.
    //chainCerts.Add(certEntry);

    // Add chain entries
    var additionalCertsAsBytes = new List<byte[]>();
    if (chain != null && chain.Count > 0)
    {
        foreach (var additionalCert in chain)
        {
            additionalCertsAsBytes.Add(additionalCert.Value.GetEncoded());
        }
    }

    if (chain != null && chain.Count > 0)
    {
        var addicionalCertsAsX09Chain = BuildCertificateChainBC(cert.GetEncoded(), additionalCertsAsBytes);

        foreach (var addCertAsX09 in addicionalCertsAsX09Chain)
        {
            chainCerts.Add(new X509CertificateEntry(addCertAsX09));
        }
    }

    // Add a key entry
    AsymmetricKeyEntry keyEntry = new AsymmetricKeyEntry(keys.Private);

    // no chain
    store.SetKeyEntry(friendlyName, keyEntry, new X509CertificateEntry[] { certEntry });

    using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
    {
        store.Save(memoryStream, password.ToCharArray(), new SecureRandom());
        return memoryStream.ToArray();
    }
}

一些缺失的方法：

static IEnumerable<Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate> BuildCertificateChainBC(byte[] primary, IEnumerable<byte[]> additional)
{
    X509CertificateParser parser = new X509CertificateParser();
    PkixCertPathBuilder builder = new PkixCertPathBuilder();

    // Separate root from itermediate
    var intermediateCerts = new List<Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate>();
    HashSet rootCerts = new HashSet();

    foreach (byte[] cert in additional)
    {
        var x509Cert = parser.ReadCertificate(cert);

        // Separate root and subordinate certificates
        if (x509Cert.IssuerDN.Equivalent(x509Cert.SubjectDN))
            rootCerts.Add(new TrustAnchor(x509Cert, null));
        else
            intermediateCerts.Add(x509Cert);
    }

    // Create chain for this certificate
    X509CertStoreSelector holder = new X509CertStoreSelector();
    holder.Certificate = parser.ReadCertificate(primary);

    // WITHOUT THIS LINE BUILDER CANNOT BEGIN BUILDING THE CHAIN
    intermediateCerts.Add(holder.Certificate);

    PkixBuilderParameters builderParams = new PkixBuilderParameters(rootCerts, holder);
    builderParams.IsRevocationEnabled = false;

    X509CollectionStoreParameters intermediateStoreParameters =
        new X509CollectionStoreParameters(intermediateCerts);

    builderParams.AddStore(X509StoreFactory.Create(
        "Certificate/Collection", intermediateStoreParameters));

    PkixCertPathBuilderResult result = builder.Build(builderParams);

    return result.CertPath.Certificates.Cast<Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate>();
}

private static AsymmetricCipherKeyPair GenerateDsaKeys()
{
    DSACryptoServiceProvider DSA = new DSACryptoServiceProvider();
    var dsaParams = DSA.ExportParameters(true);
    AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keys = DotNetUtilities.GetDsaKeyPair(dsaParams);
    return keys;
}

另外：您必须将 CA 证书安装到客户端计算机的受信任 CA 存储中，以及客户端证书（它可能位于个人或第三方存储中）。