perl - 使用 Perl 在单个字符串中查找多个子字符串

Question

我需要获取以下字符串并将其分成块：

[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down][FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]

每个块都封装在括号中。我正在寻找在 Perl 中执行此操作，并且正在寻找一种方法的方向。

谢谢！

Answer 1

对正则表达式使用 /g 修饰符。在列表上下文中提取到数组中：

$data = "[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down][FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]"
my @chunk = ( $data =~ /\[(.*?)\]/g );

或在 while 循环中迭代块：

$data = "[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down][FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]"
while ( $data =~ /\[(.*?)\]/g ) {
    process($1);
}

Answer 2

您可以在使用前瞻和后瞻断言之间]进行拆分：[

$str = '[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down]
        [FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]';

@pieces = split/(?<=\])(?=\[)/,$str;

看见

Answer 3

试试这个：

my $str = '[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down][FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]';
my %fields = $str =~ m{\[([^][=]+)=([^][=]+)\]}g;
say "$_: $fields{$_}" for sort keys %fields;

或者更详细地说：

my $str = '[ToNode=cup-subscriber][Reason=Critical service is down][FromNode=cup-publisher][AppID=Cisco UP Server Recovery Manager]';

# Capture all occurrences of ...
my %fields = $str =~ m{
            \[              # Open bracket
            ( [^][=]+ )     # Sequence of 1 or more non ][= characters
            =               # Equals
            ( [^][=]+ )     # Sequence of 1 or more non ][= characters
            \]              # Close bracket
        }xg;

# Dump contents of %fields
say "$_: $fields{$_}" for sort keys %fields;