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我需要一些帮助来将数据行转换为列。

我的每一行都包含 8 列，我希望将所有这些列都包含在最终的列列表中。

通常，我会编写一个如下所示的 select 语句，以返回与特定产品相关的所有定价行（大约 11 个）ProductID

SELECT  
    ProductID,
    PricingID, 
    COSBeginQty ,
    COSCOLCode,
    COSTrade,
    COSTypeOfPrice,
    COSIsActive, 
    COSPrice,
    COSPriceTAG,
    RowIndex
FROM 
    Pricing
Where 
    ProductID = XXXXX

我返回的每一行都有关于我想要显示所有返回值的内容：

ProductID, 
CosBeginQty1 COSBeginQty1  COSCOLCode1 COSTrade1 COSTypeOfPrice1 COSIsActive1 COSPrice1 COSPriceTAG1  
CosBeginQty2 COSBeginQty2  COSCOLCode2 COSTrade2 COSTypeOfPrice2 COSIsActive2 COSPrice2 COSPriceTAG2  
CosBeginQty3, COSBeginQty3  COSCOLCode3 COSTrade3 COSTypeOfPrice3 COSIsActive3 COSPrice3 COSPriceTAG3   . . . .

. . .（从所有 11 行中计算我需要的值，总共 89 列）

这是我桌子上的脚本

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Pricing](
    [ProductID] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,
    [PricingID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
    [COSBeginQty] [int] NULL,
    [COSCOLCode] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [COSTrade] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [COSTypeOfPrice] [nchar](10) NULL,
    [COSIsActive] [bit] NULL,
    [COSPrice] [decimal](12, 3) NULL,
    [COSPriceTAG] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
    [RowIndex] [int] NULL,
    [COSCreateDate] [datetime] NULL,
    [COSLastModifiedDate] [datetime] NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_Pricing] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [ProductID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO
INSERT [dbo].[Pricing] ([ProductID], [PricingID], [COSBeginQty], [COSCOLCode], [COSTrade], [COSTypeOfPrice], [COSIsActive], [COSPrice], [COSPriceTAG], [RowIndex], [COSCreateDate], [COSLastModifiedDate]) VALUES (N'99533f6e-218f-48ef-bf01-03ea7808f9b1', N'5d8de11a-2399-4c68-87cd-4969827bed27', 7, N'MAN', N'T1', N'B         ', 1, CAST(23.400 AS Decimal(12, 3)), N'bf1d79bf-a60d-4603-8c2d-04492e9e1575', 1, NULL, NULL)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[Pricing] ([ProductID], [PricingID], [COSBeginQty], [COSCOLCode], [COSTrade], [COSTypeOfPrice], [COSIsActive], [COSPrice], [COSPriceTAG], [RowIndex], [COSCreateDate], [COSLastModifiedDate]) VALUES (N'94d67d13-e4e6-4360-9b7a-1cef7d997297', N'5ba0a6e9-53ed-4b9c-a9eb-2b09c41eb56c', 2, N'MAN', N'T2', N'A         ', 1, CAST(3456.234 AS Decimal(12, 3)), N'6ce7d421-e49a-469f-ae4c-a8bbb2f432fc', 3, NULL, NULL)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[Pricing] ([ProductID], [PricingID], [COSBeginQty], [COSCOLCode], [COSTrade], [COSTypeOfPrice], [COSIsActive], [COSPrice], [COSPriceTAG], [RowIndex], [COSCreateDate], [COSLastModifiedDate]) VALUES (N'e2216b52-66a9-4c29-a8ec-83c6ae03cd18', N'a8c27e9a-120c-47f2-bdd9-3e9e934ca237', 12, N'TEM', N'T1', N'B         ', 1, CAST(7234.000 AS Decimal(12, 3)), N'555c0f25-6af9-4114-8f11-096f0e5c7bcd', 1, NULL, NULL)
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Pricing] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_Pricing_ProductID]  DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [ProductID]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Pricing] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_Pricing_PricingID]  DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [PricingID]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Pricing] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_Pricing_COSPriceTAG]  DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [COSPriceTAG]
GO

问题的解决方案如下，感谢 BLUEFEET 

select *, row_number() over(partition by ProductID order by ProductID) rn
from dbo.pricing;

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot as  NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @colsUnpivot = stuff((select ','+quotename(C.name)
         from sys.columns as C
         where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
               C.name LIKE '%COS%'
               and C.name Not in ('COSCreateDate', 'COSLastModifiedDate')
         for xml path('')), 1, 1, '')

select @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT  ',' 
                      + quotename(c.name 
                         + cast(t.rn as varchar(10)))
                    from
                    (
                      select row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
                      from Pricing
                    ) t
                     cross apply 
                      sys.columns as C
                   where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
                         C.name LIKE '%COS%'
                     and C.name Not in ('COSCreateDate', 'COSLastModifiedDate')
                   group by c.name, t.rn
                   order by t.rn
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query 
  = 'select *
      from
      (
        select ProductID,
            col + cast(rn as varchar(10)) new_col,
            val
        from 
        (
          select ProductID,
              PricingID, 
              cast(COSBeginQty as varchar(50)) COSBeginQty,
              cast(COSCOLCode as varchar(50)) COSCOLCode,
              cast(COSTrade as varchar(50)) COSTrade,
              cast(COSTypeOfPrice as varchar(50)) COSTypeOfPrice,
              cast(COSIsActive as varchar(50)) COSIsActive, 
              cast(COSPrice as varchar(50)) COSPrice,
              cast(COSPriceTAG as varchar(50)) COSPriceTAG,
              RowIndex,
              row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
          from Pricing
        ) x
        unpivot
        (
          val
          for col in ('+ @colsunpivot +')
        ) u
      ) x1
      pivot
      (
        max(val)
        for new_col in
          ('+ @colspivot +')
      ) p'

exec(@query)
4

2 回答 2

2

在没有看到完整的表结构或示例数据的情况下，看起来您可以使用动态 SQL 执行类似的操作。这同时使用UNPIVOT和PIVOT来获得结果：

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot as  NVARCHAR(MAX)

第一部分@colsUnpivot获取您需要UNPIVOT然后重新旋转的列的列表。您需要这样做，UNPIVOT因为您希望您的结果包含这些列的多个版本 -CosBeginQty1, CosBeginQty2, CosBeginQty3

select @colsUnpivot = stuff((select ','+quotename(C.name)
         from sys.columns as C
         where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
               C.name LIKE '%COS%'
         for xml path('')), 1, 1, '')

获取的代码@colsPivot是获取最后一列。通过将 应用于表中的每一行来 CosBeginQty1, CosBeginQty2, CosBeginQty3检索这些值 ( )。row_number

select @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT  ',' 
                      + quotename(c.name 
                         + cast(t.rn as varchar(10)))
                    from
                    (
                      select row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
                      from Pricing
                    ) t
                     cross apply 
                      sys.columns as C
                   where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
                         C.name LIKE '%COS%'
                   group by c.name, t.rn
                   order by t.rn
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

最后一部分生成要执行的动态 sql 语句。它同时使用@colsUnpivot和@colsPivot值来形成要查询的最终 sql 语句。 

set @query 
  = 'select *
      from
      (
        select ProductID, PricingID, RowIndex,
            col + cast(rn as varchar(10)) new_col,
            val
        from 
        (
          select ProductID,
              PricingID, 
              COSBeginQty,
              COSCOLCode,
              COSTrade,
              COSTypeOfPrice,
              COSIsActive, 
              COSPrice,
              COSPriceTAG,
              RowIndex,
              row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
          from Pricing
        ) x
        unpivot
        (
          val
          for col in ('+ @colsunpivot +')
        ) u
      ) x1
      pivot
      (
        max(val)
        for new_col in
          ('+ @colspivot +')
      ) p'

exec(@query)

此解决方案将 a 关联row_number()到每个值，然后将UNPIVOTs 列关联起来，最后PIVOT将它们与row_number()添加到每个列名称中。

A PIVOTandUNPIVOT可以静态执行，但由于您将拥有未知数量的值，PIVOT因此您应该使用动态版本。如果您使用的是静态版本，那么它看起来像这样：

select *
from
(
   select ProductID, PricingID, RowIndex,
      col + cast(rn as varchar(10)) new_col,
      val
   from 
   (
     select ProductID,
         PricingID, 
         COSBeginQty,
         COSCOLCode,
         COSTrade,
         COSTypeOfPrice,
         COSIsActive, 
         COSPrice,
         COSPriceTAG,
         RowIndex,
         row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
     from Pricing
   ) x
   unpivot
   (
      val
      for col in (COSBeginQty, COSCOLCode, COSTrade, COSTypeOfPrice
                 COSIsActive, COSPrice, COSPriceTAG)
   ) u
) x1
pivot
(
   max(val)
   for new_col in ([COSBeginQty1], [COSCOLCode1], [COSTrade1], [COSTypeOfPrice1],
                   [COSIsActive1], [COSPrice1], [COSPriceTAG1],
                  [COSBeginQty2], [COSCOLCode2], [COSTrade2], [COSTypeOfPrice2],
                   [COSIsActive2], [COSPrice2], [COSPriceTAG2])
) p

编辑 #2，应用您的示例数据，脚本将如下所示：

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @colsPivot as  NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @colsUnpivot = stuff((select ','+quotename(C.name)
         from sys.columns as C
         where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
               C.name LIKE '%COS%'
               and C.name Not in ('COSCreateDate', 'COSLastModifiedDate')
         for xml path('')), 1, 1, '')

select @colsPivot = STUFF((SELECT  ',' 
                      + quotename(c.name 
                         + cast(t.rn as varchar(10)))
                    from
                    (
                      select row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
                      from Pricing
                    ) t
                     cross apply 
                      sys.columns as C
                   where C.object_id = object_id('Pricing') and
                         C.name LIKE '%COS%'
                     and C.name Not in ('COSCreateDate', 'COSLastModifiedDate')
                   group by c.name, t.rn
                   order by t.rn
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query 
  = 'select *
      from
      (
        select ProductID, PricingID, RowIndex,
            col + cast(rn as varchar(10)) new_col,
            val
        from 
        (
          select ProductID,
              PricingID, 
              cast(COSBeginQty as varchar(50)) COSBeginQty,
              cast(COSCOLCode as varchar(50)) COSCOLCode,
              cast(COSTrade as varchar(50)) COSTrade,
              cast(COSTypeOfPrice as varchar(50)) COSTypeOfPrice,
              cast(COSIsActive as varchar(50)) COSIsActive, 
              cast(COSPrice as varchar(50)) COSPrice,
              cast(COSPriceTAG as varchar(50)) COSPriceTAG,
              RowIndex,
              row_number() over(partition by productid 
                                               order by productid) rn
          from Pricing
        ) x
        unpivot
        (
          val
          for col in ('+ @colsunpivot +')
        ) u
      ) x1
      pivot
      (
        max(val)
        for new_col in
          ('+ @colspivot +')
      ) p'

exec(@query)

请参阅带有演示的 SQL Fiddle

于 2012-09-23T16:20:47.430 回答
-1

如果您可以使用动态 sql，那么这可能适合您。

DECLARE @OUTPUT NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @OUTPUT = "XXXXX"
SELECT @OUTPUT = @OUTPUT + "," + PricingID + COSBeginQty + COSCOLCode + COSTrade + COSTypeOfPrice + COSIsActive + COSPrice + COSPriceTAG + RowIndex
FROM Pricing
Where ProductID = XXXXX
于 2012-09-23T16:56:57.840 回答