mysql - MySQL INNER JOIN 从第二个表中只选择一行

Question

我有一个users表和一个payments表，对于每个有付款的用户，表中可能有多个关联的付款payments。我想选择所有有付款的用户，但只选择他们最近一次付款。我正在尝试这个 SQL，但我以前从未尝试过嵌套的 SQL 语句，所以我想知道我做错了什么。感谢帮助

SELECT u.* 
FROM users AS u
    INNER JOIN (
        SELECT p.*
        FROM payments AS p
        ORDER BY date DESC
        LIMIT 1
    )
    ON p.user_id = u.id
WHERE u.package = 1

Answer 1

您需要有一个子查询来获取他们的最新日期user ID。

SELECT  a.*, c.*
FROM users a 
    INNER JOIN payments c
        ON a.id = c.user_ID
    INNER JOIN
    (
        SELECT user_ID, MAX(date) maxDate
        FROM payments
        GROUP BY user_ID
    ) b ON c.user_ID = b.user_ID AND
            c.date = b.maxDate
WHERE a.package = 1

Answer 2

SELECT u.*, p.*
FROM users AS u
INNER JOIN payments AS p ON p.id = (
    SELECT id
    FROM payments AS p2
    WHERE p2.user_id = u.id
    ORDER BY date DESC
    LIMIT 1
)

或者

SELECT u.*, p.*
FROM users AS u
INNER JOIN payments AS p ON p.user_id = u.id
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT 1
    FROM payments AS p2
    WHERE
        p2.user_id = p.user_id AND
        (p2.date > p.date OR (p2.date = p.date AND p2.id > p.id))
)

这些解决方案比公认的答案更好，因为当有多个付款具有相同的用户和日期时，它们可以正常工作。您可以尝试使用 SQL Fiddle。

Answer 3

SELECT u.*, p.*, max(p.date)
FROM payments p
JOIN users u ON u.id=p.user_id AND u.package = 1
GROUP BY u.id
ORDER BY p.date DESC

看看这个sqlfiddle

Answer 4

   SELECT u.* 
        FROM users AS u
        INNER JOIN (
            SELECT p.*,
             @num := if(@id = user_id, @num + 1, 1) as row_number,
             @id := user_id as tmp
            FROM payments AS p,
                 (SELECT @num := 0) x,
                 (SELECT @id := 0) y
            ORDER BY p.user_id ASC, date DESC)
        ON (p.user_id = u.id) and (p.row_number=1)
        WHERE u.package = 1

Answer 5

您的查询有两个问题：

1. 每个表和子查询都需要一个名称，因此您必须命名子查询INNER JOIN (SELECT ...) AS p ON ...。
2. 您拥有的子查询仅返回一个行期间，但您实际上希望每个用户都有一行。为此，您需要一个查询来获取最大日期，然后自行加入以获取整行。

假设 没有关系payments.date，请尝试：

    SELECT u.*, p.* 
    FROM (
        SELECT MAX(p.date) AS date, p.user_id 
        FROM payments AS p
        GROUP BY p.user_id
    ) AS latestP
    INNER JOIN users AS u ON latestP.user_id = u.id
    INNER JOIN payments AS p ON p.user_id = u.id AND p.date = latestP.date
    WHERE u.package = 1

Answer 6

@John Woo 的回答帮助我解决了类似的问题。我还通过设置正确的顺序改进了他的答案。这对我有用：

SELECT  a.*, c.*
FROM users a 
    INNER JOIN payments c
        ON a.id = c.user_ID
    INNER JOIN (
        SELECT user_ID, MAX(date) as maxDate FROM
        (
            SELECT user_ID, date
            FROM payments
            ORDER BY date DESC
        ) d
        GROUP BY user_ID
    ) b ON c.user_ID = b.user_ID AND
           c.date = b.maxDate
WHERE a.package = 1

不过，我不确定这有多有效。

Answer 7

你可以试试这个：

SELECT u.*, p.*
FROM users AS u LEFT JOIN (
    SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY userid ORDER BY [Date] DESC) AS RowNo
    FROM payments  
) AS p ON u.userid = p.userid AND p.RowNo=1

Answer 8

SELECT U.*, V.* FROM users AS U 
INNER JOIN (SELECT *
FROM payments
WHERE id IN (
SELECT MAX(id)
FROM payments
GROUP BY user_id
)) AS V ON U.id = V.user_id

这将使它工作

Answer 9

MAX(date)Matei Mihai 给出了一个简单而有效的解决方案，但只有在 SELECT 部分放入一个才会起作用，所以这个查询将变为：

SELECT u.*, p.*, max(date)
FROM payments p
JOIN users u ON u.id=p.user_id AND u.package = 1
GROUP BY u.id

并且 order by 不会对分组产生任何影响，但它可以对 group by 提供的最终结果进行排序。我试过了，它对我有用。

Answer 10

如果您在 ORDER BY 子句中需要几个列，我的回答直接来自 @valex 非常有用。

    SELECT u.* 
    FROM users AS u
    INNER JOIN (
        SELECT p.*,
         @num := if(@id = user_id, @num + 1, 1) as row_number,
         @id := user_id as tmp
        FROM (SELECT * FROM payments ORDER BY p.user_id ASC, date DESC) AS p,
             (SELECT @num := 0) x,
             (SELECT @id := 0) y
        )
    ON (p.user_id = u.id) and (p.row_number=1)
    WHERE u.package = 1

Answer 11

这是非常简单的内部联接，然后按 user_id 分组，并在 payment_id 中使用 max 聚合函数，假设您的表是用户并且付款查询可以是

SELECT user.id, max(payment.id)
FROM user INNER JOIN payment ON (user.id = payment.user_id)
GROUP BY user.id