我正在尝试编写一个 python 脚本来删除文件夹中早于 X 天的所有文件。这是我到目前为止所拥有的：
import os, time, sys
path = r"c:\users\%myusername%\downloads"
now = time.time()
for f in os.listdir(path):
if os.stat(f).st_mtime < now - 7 * 86400:
if os.path.isfile(f):
os.remove(os.path.join(path, f))
当我运行脚本时，我得到：
Error2 - system cannot find the file specified,
它给出了文件名。我究竟做错了什么？
os.listdir()返回一个裸文件名列表。这些没有完整路径，因此您需要将其与包含目录的路径结合起来。当您去删除文件时，您正在执行此操作，但不是在您删除文件时stat（或当您这样做时isfile()）。
最简单的解决方案是在循环顶部执行一次：
f = os.path.join(path, f)
现在f是文件的完整路径，您可以f在任何地方使用（将您的remove()调用更改为也可以使用f）。
我认为新的pathlib与日期的箭头模块一起使代码更整洁。
from pathlib import Path
import arrow
filesPath = r"C:\scratch\removeThem"
criticalTime = arrow.now().shift(hours=+5).shift(days=-7)
for item in Path(filesPath).glob('*'):
if item.is_file():
print (str(item.absolute()))
itemTime = arrow.get(item.stat().st_mtime)
if itemTime < criticalTime:
#remove it
pass
这是显示pathlib提供的完整路径的输出。（无需加入。）
C:\scratch\removeThem\four.txt
C:\scratch\removeThem\one.txt
C:\scratch\removeThem\three.txt
C:\scratch\removeThem\two.txt
您还需要给它路径，否则它会在 cwd 中查找 .. 具有讽刺意味的是，您在其他地方做了，os.remove但没有其他地方......
for f in os.listdir(path):
if os.stat(os.path.join(path,f)).st_mtime < now - 7 * 86400:
您需要使用if os.stat(os.path.join(path, f)).st_mtime < now - 7 * 86400:而不是if os.stat(f).st_mtime < now - 7 * 86400:
我发现使用os.path.getmtime更方便:-
import os, time
path = r"c:\users\%myusername%\downloads"
now = time.time()
for filename in os.listdir(path):
# if os.stat(os.path.join(path, filename)).st_mtime < now - 7 * 86400:
if os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path, filename)) < now - 7 * 86400:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, filename)):
print(filename)
os.remove(os.path.join(path, filename))
我以更充分的方式做到了
import os, time
path = "/home/mansoor/Documents/clients/AirFinder/vendors"
now = time.time()
for filename in os.listdir(path):
filestamp = os.stat(os.path.join(path, filename)).st_mtime
filecompare = now - 7 * 86400
if filestamp < filecompare:
print(filename)
一个简单的 python 脚本，用于删除超过 10 天的 /logs/ 文件
#!/usr/bin/python
# run by crontab
# removes any files in /logs/ older than 10 days
import os, sys, time
from subprocess import call
def get_file_directory(file):
return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(file))
now = time.time()
cutoff = now - (10 * 86400)
files = os.listdir(os.path.join(get_file_directory(__file__), "logs"))
file_path = os.path.join(get_file_directory(__file__), "logs/")
for xfile in files:
if os.path.isfile(str(file_path) + xfile):
t = os.stat(str(file_path) + xfile)
c = t.st_ctime
# delete file if older than 10 days
if c < cutoff:
os.remove(str(file_path) + xfile)
你可以用__file__你的路径替换。
这是我在 Windows 机器上的操作方法。它还使用 shutil 来删除在下载中创建的子目录。我也有一个类似的工具来清理我儿子电脑硬盘上的文件夹，因为他有特殊需要并且倾向于让事情快速失控。
import os, time, shutil
paths = (("C:"+os.getenv('HOMEPATH')+"\Downloads"), (os.getenv('TEMP')))
oneday = (time.time())- 1 * 86400
try:
for path in paths:
for filename in os.listdir(path):
if os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path, filename)) < oneday:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, filename)):
print(filename)
os.remove(os.path.join(path, filename))
elif os.path.isdir(os.path.join(path, filename)):
print(filename)
shutil.rmtree((os.path.join(path, filename)))
os.remove(os.path.join(path, filename))
except:
pass
print("Maintenance Complete!")
有了推导，可以是：
import os
from time import time
p='.'
result=[os.remove(file) for file in (os.path.join(path, file) for path, _, files in os.walk(p) for file in files) if os.stat(file).st_mtime < time() - 7 * 86400]
print(result)
这将删除超过 60 天的文件。
import os
directory = '/home/coffee/Documents'
os.system("find " + directory + " -mtime +60 -print")
os.system("find " + directory + " -mtime +60 -delete")
其他一些答案也有相同的代码，但我觉得它们使一个非常简单的过程过于复杂
import os
import time
#folder to clear from
dir_path = 'path of directory to clean'
#No of days before which the files are to be deleted
limit_days = 10
treshold = time.time() - limit_days*86400
entries = os.listdir(dir_path)
for dir in entries:
creation_time = os.stat(os.path.join(dir_path,dir)).st_ctime
if creation_time < treshold:
print(f"{dir} is created on {time.ctime(creation_time)} and will be deleted")
想添加我想出的来完成这项任务。该函数在登录过程中被调用。
def remove_files():
removed=0
path = "desired path"
# Check current working directory.
dir_to_search = os.getcwd()
print "Current working directory %s" % dir_to_search
#compare current to desired directory
if dir_to_search != "full desired path":
# Now change the directory
os.chdir( desired path )
# Check current working directory.
dir_to_search = os.getcwd()
print "Directory changed successfully %s" % dir_to_search
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir_to_search):
for file in filenames:
curpath = os.path.join(dirpath, file)
file_modified = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(curpath))
if datetime.datetime.now() - file_modified > datetime.timedelta(hours=1):
os.remove(curpath)
removed+=1
print(removed)