在我的数据库模型中添加一个包含日期字段格式的字段后，我遇到了问题。
像这样：
date_format = models.CharField(max_length=32, default='%B %Y')
然而，在同一次迁移中，有一些具有默认值的布尔值。深入研究问题，并重建测试数据库......
问题在于表中的任何迁移都具有带有百分比符号的默认值。所以不是这个字段本身的迁移，而是任何迁移到同一个表（见我的第二个答案）
添加这样的字段：
show_category_name = models.BooleanField(default=True)
with auto schememigration 给出了一个带有这一行的迁移文件：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
from south.db import db
from south.v2 import SchemaMigration
from django.db import models
class Migration(SchemaMigration):
def forwards(self, orm):
# Adding field 'NewsItemCategory.show_category_name'
db.add_column('iamweb_newsitemcategory', 'show_category_name',
self.gf('django.db.models.fields.BooleanField')(default=True),
keep_default=False)
给出了这个问题：
bin/django migrate iamwebdjango.db.backends DEBUG (0.006) SELECT "south_migrationhistory"."id", "south_migrationhistory"."app_name", "south_migrationhistory"."migration", "south_migrationhistory"."applied" FROM "south_migrationhistory" WHERE "south_migrationhistory"."applied" IS NOT NULL ORDER BY "south_migrationhistory"."applied" ASC; args=()
Running migrations for iamweb:
- Migrating forwards to 0020_auto__add_field_newsitemcategory_show_category_name__add_field_weblink.
> iamweb:0020_auto__add_field_newsitemcategory_show_category_name__add_field_weblink
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.277) CREATE TABLE ROLLBACK_TEST (X INT); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.008) INSERT INTO ROLLBACK_TEST (X) VALUES (8); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.001) SELECT COUNT(X) FROM ROLLBACK_TEST; args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.273) DROP TABLE ROLLBACK_TEST; args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.177) CREATE TABLE STDDEV_TEST (X INT); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) SELECT STDDEV(*) FROM STDDEV_TEST; args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.160) DROP TABLE STDDEV_TEST; args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.151) CREATE TABLE DDL_TRANSACTION_TEST (X INT); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) CREATE TABLE DDL_TRANSACTION_TEST (X INT); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.155) DROP TABLE DDL_TRANSACTION_TEST; args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA table_info("iamweb_newsitemcategory"); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA index_list("iamweb_newsitemcategory"); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA index_info("sqlite_autoindex_iamweb_newsitemcategory_1"); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA index_list("iamweb_newsitemcategory"); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA index_info("sqlite_autoindex_iamweb_newsitemcategory_1"); args=()
django.db.backends DEBUG (0.000) PRAGMA table_info("iamweb_newsitemcategory"); args=()
south DEBUG execute "CREATE TABLE "_south_new_iamweb_newsitemcategory" ("date_format" varchar(32) DEFAULT '%B %Y', "show_category_name" bool NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, "id" integer PRIMARY KEY, "menu_index" integer NOT NULL UNIQUE, "name" varchar(64) NOT NULL)" with params "[]"
! Error found during real run of migration! Aborting.
! Since you have a database that does not support running
! schema-altering statements in transactions, we have had
! to leave it in an interim state between migrations.
! You *might* be able to recover with:
! The South developers regret this has happened, and would
! like to gently persuade you to consider a slightly
! easier-to-deal-with DBMS (one that supports DDL transactions)
! NOTE: The error which caused the migration to fail is further up.
Error in migration: iamweb:0020_auto__add_field_newsitemcategory_show_category_name__add_field_weblink
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bin/django", line 33, in <module>
djangorecipe.manage.main('palmrif.developmentsettings')
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/djangorecipe-0.20-py2.7.egg/djangorecipe/manage.py", line 16, in main
management.execute_manager(mod)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
utility.execute()
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/management/commands/migrate.py", line 108, in handle
ignore_ghosts = ignore_ghosts,
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/__init__.py", line 213, in migrate_app
success = migrator.migrate_many(target, workplan, database)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 235, in migrate_many
result = migrator.__class__.migrate_many(migrator, target, migrations, database)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 310, in migrate_many
result = self.migrate(migration, database)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 133, in migrate
result = self.run(migration)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 107, in run
return self.run_migration(migration)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 81, in run_migration
migration_function()
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 57, in <lambda>
return (lambda: direction(orm))
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/local_checkouts_dev/iamweb/iamweb/migrations/0020_auto__add_field_newsitemcategory_show_category_name__add_field_weblink.py", line 14, in forwards
keep_default=False)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/db/sqlite3.py", line 31, in add_column
field.column: self._column_sql_for_create(table_name, name, field, False),
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 44, in _cache_clear
return func(self, table, *args, **opts)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/db/sqlite3.py", line 103, in _remake_table
", ".join(["%s %s" % (self.quote_name(cname), ctype) for cname, ctype in definitions.items()]),
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/eggs/South-0.7.6-py2.7.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 273, in execute
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/db/backends/util.py", line 38, in execute
sql = self.db.ops.last_executed_query(self.cursor, sql, params)
File "/media/storage/django/sites/palmrif/parts/django/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 505, in last_executed_query
return smart_unicode(sql) % u_params
TypeError: not enough arguments for format string
我正在使用 South 0.7.6。奇怪的是，这个版本应该已经修复了这个错误，请参阅：Release notes 0.7.6。错误修复 sqlite 中的默认布尔值
使用sqlite3，python 2.7.2，django 1.3.1（顺便说一下，在生产中使用mySql，但是sqlite中的测试数据库很方便）
请注意，问题是指迁移文件中的第 14 行，即这一行：
db.add_column('iamweb_newsitemcategory', 'show_category_name',
self.gf('django.db.models.fields.BooleanField')(default=True),
keep_default=False)
没有足够的论据......对于初学者来说很好：我没有创建这条线，South 做了:)
堆栈跟踪有点混乱，因为调试行的最后一行（在堆栈跟踪之前是：
south DEBUG execute "CREATE TABLE "_south_new_iamweb_newsitemcategory" ("date_format" varchar(32) DEFAULT '%B %Y', "show_category_name" bool NOT NULL DEFAULT 1, "id" integer PRIMARY KEY, "menu_index" integer NOT NULL UNIQUE, "name" varchar(64) NOT NULL)" with params "[]"
所以它可能与 South 仍然想要解析字符串有关，因为这个执行命令中的 '%B %Y'....
经过 4 天的努力解决这个问题（当然不是全职）我开始怀疑南方的方式....但是，没有找到更好的选择。